Radium is a silvery white metal with a melting point of 700℃, a boiling point lower than 1 140℃ and a density of about 5g/cm3. Radium is the most active alkaline earth metal, which reacts rapidly with nitrogen and oxygen in air to form nitrides and oxides, and reacts violently with water to form radium hydroxide and hydrogen. The outermost electron shell of radium has two electrons, and the oxidation state is +2, and only +2 valence compounds are formed. Radium salts and corresponding barium salts are isomorphic compounds with similar chemical properties. Radium chloride, radium bromide and radium nitrate are all soluble in water, while radium sulfate, radium carbonate and radium chromate are insoluble in water. Radium is highly toxic and can be concentrated in bones instead of calcium in human body. Acute poisoning can cause bone marrow damage and serious damage to hematopoietic tissue, while chronic poisoning can cause osteoma and leukemia. Radium is a by-product of uranium production. When leaching uranium from uranium ore with sulfuric acid, radium exists in slag in the form of sulfate, and then it is converted into radium chloride. Pure radium salt can be obtained by fractional crystallization with barium salt as carrier. Metal radium is made from electrolytic radium chloride. Radium and its decay products emit gamma rays, which can destroy malignant tissues in the human body, so radium needles can cure cancer.