1, the core of political thought: "courtesy" and "benevolence".
Confucius advocated "ruling the country by virtue", which is the noblest way to govern the country. This strategy of governing the country is also called "rule by virtue" or "rule by courtesy". Rule by virtue is to advocate moral education. Confucianism believes that no matter whether human nature is good or evil, people can be influenced and educated by morality. The so-called "rule by courtesy" means observing a strict hierarchy, and there are strict differences between monarch and minister, father and son, and nobility and inferiority.
2. The establishment of Confucianism.
Confucianism, short for Confucianism, is the most influential school in China and the mainstream consciousness in ancient China. Confucianism has exerted a profound influence on China, East Asia and even the whole world.
Confucius was a great thinker and educator in ancient China, and he had a far-reaching influence and an important position in the history of China and even in the history of world culture. Confucius is the founder of Confucianism. He advocates "benevolence" and "courtesy", that is, "the benevolent loves others" and "self-denial". To realize benevolence, we must follow the golden mean.
Expanding information Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and advocated benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith. He led some disciples around the world for thirteen years, and revised the six classics of Poetry, Calligraphy, Rites and Music, Book of Changes and Spring and Autumn Annals in his later years. According to legend, Confucius once asked Laozi for gifts, with 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages.
After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their re-disciples recorded the words and deeds, quotations and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled the Confucian classic The Analects.
In ancient times, Confucius was regarded as a "saint of heaven" and a "muduo of heaven". He was one of the most learned scholars in the society at that time, and was respected by later rulers as Confucius' sage, the most holy, the most holy teacher, the most holy teacher, the teacher of kings and the teacher of generations. His thoughts have a far-reaching influence on China and the world, and he is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World".
With the expansion of Confucius' influence, "Confucius Sacrifice Ceremony" once became a "big sacrifice" at the same level as China's ancestor worship.
Confucius constructed a complete ideological system of "virtue and virtue": he advocated the virtue and virtue of "benevolence and courtesy" at the individual level. The ideological system of virtue and Taoism is based on the theory of goodness of human nature ("one yin and one yang refers to the Tao, and those who follow it are also good, and those who succeed are also people"), aiming at establishing the human pole ("three-pole Tao"), and connecting with human nature, heaven and tunnel, and the golden mean will become a complete methodological ideological system in due course.
Confucius' theory of benevolence embodies the spirit of human nature, while Confucius' theory of propriety embodies the spirit of etiquette, that is, order and system in the modern sense. Humanism is the eternal theme of mankind, which is applicable to any society, any era and any government, and order and institutional society are the basic requirements for establishing a civilized human society. This humanitarianism and order spirit of Confucius is the essence of China's ancient social and political thought.
The highest ideal of Confucius in his later years is called "Great Harmony". In the world of great harmony, people in the world love each other and all the people in the world, not only their families, but also their parents and children.
Children can get warmth and care, lonely people and disabled people can rely on them, men have their own things, and women have a satisfactory home. There is no fraud, no thief, no road to pick up, no door to close at night, everyone is honest with each other, talent selection, and the trip to the avenue is also a public service.
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