Hong Rengan (1822- 1864), a native of Huaxian County, Guangdong Province, is the younger brother of Hong Xiuquan, the king of peace. He lived in Hong Kong for many years, and went to Tianjing (that is, Nanjing) in 1859, where he served as a strategist and king, and once served as prime minister, 65438+.
Hong Rengan is one of the leaders of Taiping Tian Kun, and he has a wide understanding of the West. Senior Minister's New Chapter is a political program with the idea of developing capitalism, which was considered as a quite advanced thought in China at that time.
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Hong Rengan lived in Hong Kong for many years, and was made king and prime minister by Hong Xiuquan on 1859 after returning home. He proposed to Hong Xiuquan a new plan for reforming internal affairs and building the country-a new chapter on senior minister, which was officially promulgated as an official document after being approved by Hong Xiuquan.
Two years after jintian uprising, Hong Rengan went into exile. During this period, he not only devoted himself to religious inquiry, but also observed and studied various disciplines, policies and systems in the West. He deeply realized that China's poverty was "unknown to other countries" mainly because it neglected modern science and technology.
Therefore, he attached great importance to the advanced production technology and science and culture in the west, and put forward "fireboats, trains, clocks and watches, electric fire meters, thermometers, rain and wind meters, sun and moon meters, thousand-mile mirrors, measuring sticks, serial guns, celestial spheres (instruments), earth (instruments) and so on" in the New Chapter of Senior Minister. It is by no means what die-hard conservatives call "small tricks."
When judging what a real "treasure" is, Hong Rengan mentioned that "luxury habits are the treasure in China Plain, or the beauty of poetry and painting, the exquisite treasure, is not desirable, and the first to bear the brunt is also under the treasure". In his view, the technology mentioned above is "treasure hunting" and "cherish useful things".
Hong Rengan's patent thought and its concrete embodiment in the policy agenda had an important influence on the formation of China's patent system and the social and economic development of later generations. First of all, it advocates encouraging individual scientific and technological inventions and recognizing and protecting the patent rights of various inventions, which is really original in the modern history of science and technology in China.
In modern China, many patriotic intellectuals, who are well-known at home and abroad, wrote prescriptions to try to cure the poor and weak old China. Lin Zexu, Wei Yuan and others all realized that China must learn from the West and pursue the modernization of materials and implements in order to revitalize its prosperity.
Hong Rengan, a farmer, attached importance to science and technology from the ideological level to the action level through what he learned and thought during his refuge in Hongkong, and established patent protection and encouragement for inventions in the form of law, which opened the way for the development of science and technology.
Secondly, it laid a necessary foundation for the later Westernization Movement to supervise the patent rights of commercial enterprises and China's first patent law to encourage technological and technological inventions and creations-the Charter for Revitalizing Technological Awards.
Although the Taiping Rebellion failed, it also greatly stimulated the nerves of some bureaucrats who held real power in the Qing Dynasty. In order to maintain the crumbling feudal rule, they began to learn the western education system, and the Westernization Movement began.
Baidu encyclopedia-Ji
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hong Rengan
People's Daily Online-Hong Rengan first proposed to establish a patent system in China (Figure).