1, secondary literature: also known as secondary literature, is the product of processing and sorting out primary literature, that is, the external characteristics of disordered primary literature, such as title, author, source, etc. , recorded, or the content is compressed into a brief introduction, abstract or abstract, which is formed in an orderly manner according to a certain discipline or specialty, such as catalogues, abstract magazines (including short retrieval publications), etc. They can all be used as document retrieval tools to comprehensively and systematically reflect the document clues of a certain discipline, specialty or theme within a certain time and space, and are effective means to accumulate, report and retrieve documents.
2. Document retrieval database: * * A database of all documents, which can be searched by readers.
3. Subject words: also known as descriptors, standardized words or phrases used to express the theme of documents in indexing and retrieval.
4. Retrieval language: that is, information retrieval language, which is an artificial language created according to the needs of information retrieval, is a special language used to describe the characteristics of literature and express information retrieval problems in the field of literature retrieval. Retrieval language is a controlled language, which standardizes natural language according to certain rules and compiles it into tables for information indexing and retrieval.
5. Literature retrieval: refers to the process of organizing and storing information in a certain way and finding out relevant information according to the needs of information users, so its full name is also called "information storage and retrieval", which is a generalized information retrieval. Narrow information retrieval only refers to the second half of the process, that is, the process of finding the needed information from information, which is equivalent to what people usually call information search.
6. Abstract: It is the result of literature description to retrieve the items (including the bibliography) that describe the characteristics of literature content (literature abstract) in publications. According to the international standard ISO2 14- 1979(E), the abstract is "a short and accurate expression of the contents of the document, without supplementary explanations or comments". According to Chinese national standard GB3793-83, abstract is "a document item that describes the contents of a document substantially". Specifically, the abstract is a semantically coherent article, which concisely and accurately describes the important contents of the original document.
7. check: check: check. Investigation. Check. Visit. Ask. I don't see any connection between this and literature retrieval. Is there a few words missing?
What is the information retrieval language and what kinds of retrieval languages are there, and points out five parts of Chinese Library Classification.
In order to make the retrieval process, that is, document recognition and information query, go smoothly, both of them need to be expressed in some language.
Only with the help of this language can document indexers and retrieval personnel have a common agreement and communicate with each other. That is to say, the internal and external features of documents are described in a certain language when they are stored, and information questions are expressed in a certain language when they are retrieved.
This kind of language is called retrieval language, which links the storage and retrieval of documents, and links indexers and retrieval personnel to achieve mutual understanding and communication. Type of retrieval language: 1. Classification language, 2. Subject language and 3. Write language code according to the essence and principle of logos.
(1) Classified language refers to a retrieval language which takes numbers, letters or the combination of letters and numbers as basic characters, adopts the writing method of directly connecting characters and taking dots (or other symbols) as separators, takes basic categories as basic vocabulary, and expresses complex concepts with the subordination of categories. Well-known classifications include International Decimal Classification, Library of Congress Book Classification, International Patent Classification Table, Chinese Library Book Classification and so on.
② Thematic language refers to a retrieval language with natural language characters, noun terms as basic vocabulary and a group of noun terms as retrieval marks. The information processing method of describing and expressing information content in topic language is called topic method.
Topic language can be divided into headline words, meta words, narrative words and keywords. (3) Code language refers to the characteristics of a certain aspect of things, and uses a certain code system to express and arrange the concepts of things, thus providing a retrieval language for retrieval.
For example, according to the code language of compound molecular formula, a molecular formula index system can be constructed, which allows users to search the corresponding compounds and their related literature information from the molecular formula. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the expression documents, it can be divided into: ① the retrieval language that expresses the external characteristics of the documents; ② The retrieval language that expresses the characteristics of literature content.
① Main index questions (titles), author's name, publishing unit, report number, patent number, etc. of the retrieval language expressing the external characteristics of documents. Different documents are arranged according to the word order of article title and author's name, or according to the numerical order of report number and patent number, and the retrieval language that meets the needs of users is formed through the retrieval method of article title, author and number.
② The retrieval language that expresses the content characteristics of documents mainly refers to the topics, viewpoints, viewpoints and conclusions discussed. China Library Classification is the abbreviation of China Library Classification, and it is a common tool for book classification in China at present. If readers master the relevant knowledge of this classification, they can quickly and effectively search the collections of libraries all over the country.
Basic structure of classification (1) Basic categories: For example, China Library Classification is divided into five categories: Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping; Philosophy; Social science; Natural science; Comprehensive books. (2) Basic category: the first category that constitutes the classification table.
There are 22 basic categories in China Library Classification. (3) Summary table: a list of categories formed by basic categories and the first and second categories directly developed by them.
For example, (4) Detailed list: A category list consisting of various registered categories expanded by a brief list is the real basis for document classification. According to the characteristics of books and materials, the classification system is determined according to the principle of compiling from total to sub-division and from general to specific, and 22 categories are formed on the basis of 5 basic categories.
The symbol of China Library Classification adopts the mixed number of Chinese phonetic alphabet and * * * number. That is, a letter represents a big category, and the order of big categories is embodied in alphabetical order.
The letters are followed by numbers, indicating the division of the following categories. Numbers are numbered in decimal.
The five basic departments and their 22 categories are listed as follows: A Marxism–Leninism, * * Thought, * * Theory A 1 Marx, Engels works A2 Lenin works A3 Stalin works A4 *** works A49 *** works A5 Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, * * works A7 Marx, * * Lenin's life and biography, Stalin, * * *. A8 Marxism–Leninism, * * Thought, * * Theory Study and Research B Philosophy, Religion B0 Philosophy Theory B 1 World Philosophy B2 China Philosophy B3 Asian Philosophy B4 European Philosophy B6 Oceania Philosophy B7 American Philosophy B80 Thinking Philosophy B8 1 Logic (Logic) B82 Ethics (Moral Philosophy) B83 Aesthetics B84 Psychology B9 Religion C Social Science Overview C0 Social Science Theory and Methodology C65438+ 0 Current Situation and Development C2 Social Science Institutions, Organizations and Conferences C3 Social Science Research Methods C4 Social Science Education and Popularization C5 Social Science Series, Anthology and Serial Publications C6 Social Science Reference Books [C7] Social Science Literature Retrieval Reference Books C8 Statistics C9 1 Sociology C92 Demography C93 Management [C94] System Science C95 Ethnology C96 Talent Science C97 Labor Science D Politics, Law d0 Political Theory D 1 International * * * Production Movement D2 China *** D33/37 Countries *** D4 Workers, Farmers, Youth, Women's Movements and Organizations D5 World Politics D6 China Politics D73/77 National Politics D8 Diplomacy, International Relations D9 Law E Military E0 Military Theory E 1 World Military E2 China Military E3/7 National Military E8 Strategy, War, Science of Tactics E9 Military Technology E99 Military Topography, Military Geography F Economic F0 Economics F 1 World Economic Overview, Economic History, Economic Geography F2 Economic Planning and Management F3 Agricultural Economy F4 Industrial Economy F49 Information Industry Economy (General) F5 transportation economy F59 post and telecommunications economy F7 trade economy F8 finance, finance G culture, science, education, sports G0 cultural theory G 1 world cultural undertakings G2 information and knowledge dissemination G3 science, scientific research G4 education G8 sports H language, H0 linguistics H 1 Chinese H2 China minority language H3 common foreign language H4 Sino-Tibetan H5 Altai family (Turkic-Mongolian-Tungusic family). H6 1 South Asian language family (Oster-Asiatic language family) H62 South Indian language family (Dravidian language family) H63 austronesian family (Malaya-Polynesia language family) H64 Northeast Asian language family H65 is high.
Explanation of some terms in chemical information retrieval?
Technical archives refer to technical documents, drawings, charts, photos and original records with specific things formed in scientific research and production activities. The detailed contents include task book, agreement, technical indicators, approval documents, research plan, program outline, technical measures, research materials, design data, test and process records, etc. These materials are important documents used to accumulate experience and draw lessons from dystocia in scientific research. Technical files are generally for internal use, not published publicly, and some are confidential, so they are rarely cited in references and retrieval tools.
A table of contents is a table of contents contained in front of the text of a book, and it is a tool for revealing and reporting books. Catalogue is a tool to record book titles, authors, publications and collections, arranged in a certain order to reflect the library model and guide reading and retrieval of books. At the same time, in computer applications, the development directory has become a "folder".
retrieval language
Information retrieval language is an artificial language created according to the needs of information retrieval. Retrieval language is a controlled language, which standardizes natural language according to certain rules and compiles it into tables for information indexing and retrieval.
One of the methods of backtracking documents. Tracing back to the original text one by one with the reference attached to a certain document as a clue; Then, according to these references after the original text, the clue tracking is gradually carried out, and the acquisition method of relevant documents is obtained. Using retrospective method to find literature, we can use various citation indexes as tools, or we can use summary and summary of the references behind the article. Generally, in the absence of suitable retrieval tools or incomplete retrieval tools, some related documents can be obtained by retrospective method.
Literature information resources are knowledge and information resources recorded on various carriers in the form of words, graphics, symbols and audio-visual images. Including: books, series of publications (periodicals, newspapers, etc. ), brochures, papers, patents, standards, meeting minutes, * * publications, etc. It records countless useful facts, data, theories, methods, assumptions, experiences and lessons, and is a basic tool for human beings to communicate across time and space, understand and transform the world. After processing, this kind of information is more systematic, accurate, reliable and easy to save and use, but there are also cases where the information is relatively lagging behind and some information has yet to be confirmed. Generally speaking, this kind of information is the largest and most used information resource at present. According to various standards, various types of documents can be classified. According to the processing situation, there can be first-class documents, second-class documents and third-class documents; According to the carrier form, there can be written documents, printed documents, microfilms, audio-visual documents, machine-readable documents and so on. According to the subject scope of the content, there are social science documents, scientific and technological documents and so on. A particular document may have the characteristics of two or more types of documents. For example, Journal of Nanjing University (Social Science Edition) is not only a periodical, but also a first-class document, printed document and social science document. The National Standard Document Types and Document Carrier Codes (GB3469-83) classifies documents into 26 categories according to practical standards, namely: monographs, newspapers, periodicals, conference proceedings, compilations, dissertations, scientific reports, technical standards, patent documents, product samples, Chinese translations, manuscripts, reference tools, retrieval tools, files, charts, ancient books and so on.
In order to make the retrieval process, that is, document recognition and information query, go smoothly, both of them need to be expressed in some language. Only with the help of this language can document indexers and retrieval personnel have a common agreement and communicate with each other. That is to say, the internal and external features of documents are described in a certain language when they are stored, and information questions are expressed in a certain language when they are retrieved. This kind of language is called retrieval language, which links the storage and retrieval of documents, and links indexers and retrieval personnel to achieve mutual understanding and communication.
Internet is a collection of global information resources. There is a rough saying that INTER is a logical network that is interconnected by many small networks (subnets), and each subnet connects several computers (hosts). The purpose of Inter is to exchange information resources with each other through many routers and public Internet based on some common protocols. It is an information resource and resource.
Ask the landlord to send high marks, hehe!
Interpretation of Nouns in Literature Information Retrieval
1, information retrieval strategy The so-called retrieval strategy is a plan or scheme made to achieve the retrieval goal, which is the planning and guidance for the whole retrieval process.
In other words, it is the arrangement of information retrieval process. Information retrieval includes manual retrieval and computer retrieval, and there are two corresponding retrieval strategies, namely manual retrieval strategy and computer retrieval strategy.
2. Search Engine A search engine is a search tool used to help Internet users query information. It collects and discovers the information on the Internet with certain strategies, understands, extracts, organizes and processes the information, and provides retrieval services for users, thus playing the role of information navigation. 3. Information retrieval Information retrieval refers to the whole process of finding out the required information from numerous information.
Information retrieval in a broad sense includes two aspects: one is to organize and store information in a certain way; The second is to find out relevant information according to the needs of users. The full name of information retrieval is information storage and retrieval.
Only through the orderly storage of information can retrieval be provided. 4. Reverse Document Reverse document is a file organization form derived from sequential documents.
It is a document consisting of a field value with a specific attribute and a record access number with the field value. Because it does not look for attributes by recording access numbers, it looks for related records by a certain attribute, so it is called reverse document.
What is an information retrieval language?
The concept of (1) needs to be expressed in a certain language in order to make the retrieval process, that is, document recognition and information questioning, go smoothly.
Only with the help of this language can document indexers and retrieval personnel have a common agreement and communicate with each other. That is to say, the internal and external features of documents are described in a certain language when they are stored, and information questions are expressed in a certain language when they are retrieved.
This kind of language is called retrieval language, which links the storage and retrieval of documents, and links indexers and retrieval personnel to achieve mutual understanding and communication. Search language is a set of words selected and standardized from natural language or professional literature (such as Chinese thesaurus and medical thesaurus).
◆ A set of classification numbers representing a certain classification system, such as Chinese Library Book Classification. ◆ A set of codes representing a certain aspect of a certain kind of thing (such as water molecular formula H2O).
(2) The retrieval language type is 1, and the system classification languages (standardized languages) such as Chinese Library Book Classification and Dewey Decimal Classification. 2. Keyword retrieval language 1) Keywords (standardized theme language) are also called keywords, such as American medical thesaurus and China Chinese medical thesaurus.
2) Keywords are non-standard subject languages, which are words with practical significance except stop words. Example: To search the application literature of insulin pump in the treatment of severely burned patients with diabetes. Select keywords: burn, diabetes, insulin pump. 3) Title: title, article title, journal title, website, etc. Literature information resources.
4) Characters or strings in the whole content of full-text resources 5) Author, article title and words extracted from source documents 6) Author's subtitle modifies and restricts many aspects of a medical topic (narrative), also known as determiners. For example, the theme of "pigmented tumor" involves many aspects, such as etiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, imaging, surgery, microbiology, death and so on, and each aspect is a sub-theme.
Western medicine has 83 sub-themes and Chinese medicine has 9 sub-themes. The purpose of using subtitle words is to enhance the specificity of keywords, narrow the search scope and save search time.
Not every subtitle can be used with any topic phrase, and there must be a certain logical relationship between keywords and subtitles.