Toilet toilet, also known as toilet, is a covered bucket for defecation. The invention of the toilet is called a great invention, which solved the problem of people eating and drinking Lazar. Later, it evolved into a toilet using siphon, spiral siphon, and now the latest jet siphon and super spiral siphon. Some people think that the toilet is the root of all evil, because it consumes a lot of domestic water. There are many kinds of toilets, including split toilets and conjoined toilets. With the development of science and technology, many novel varieties have appeared.
According to the collocation method of toilet cover, it can also be divided into ordinary toilet and smart toilet. Smart toilets can be divided into automatic changing sets of smart toilets and non-automatic changing sets of smart toilets. The former includes automatic sleeve changing and water washing, and automatic sleeve changing with water washing and drying.
The history of toilets can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. At that time, the toilet was called nothing, which was dedicated to the emperor. Legend has it that it is made of jade. It was held by eunuchs who served the emperor specially for the convenience of the emperor at any time. Later, in the Tang Dynasty, because Tang Gaozu's grandfather was named Li Hu, he changed his name to Beast or Maiden to avoid taboo. Later, in the circulation, it evolved into the name of the toilet.
A brief history of toilets
"Miscellanies of Xijing" said that the court of the Han Dynasty made a "tiger" out of jade, which was held by the emperor's attendants for the convenience of the emperor at any time. This kind of "nothing" is a special appliance called toilet and urinal by later generations, and it is also the predecessor of toilet. It is said that this kind of "nothing" was also invented by great-grandfather Liu Bang with the crown of Confucian scholars as a drowning device.
There is another saying about the invention of "nothing", which is also related to the emperor. It is said that Li Guang, a flying general in the Western Han Dynasty, shot and killed a crouching tiger, which made people cast a copper drowning device in the shape of a tiger and urinated in it to show their contempt for the tiger. This is the origin of the name "tiger". The Emperor of the Tang Dynasty changed this disrespectful address to "beast" or "girl" because one of his ancestors was called "Li Hu", which was later commonly known as "toilet" and "urinal".
The earliest written record of toilets was the wooden horse in Returning to the Field II by Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, which was interpreted as a "wooden toilet" in Ci Yuan. The toilet used by ancient people in China was a round wooden barrel with a lid, and the barrel was coated with tung oil or fine waterproof vermicelli.
1596, the British aristocrat John Harington invented the first practical toilet-a wooden toilet seat with a water tank and a flush valve.
1778, the British inventor Joseph Brame improved the design of the toilet, using a three-ball valve to control the water flow in the water tank and the U-bend.
Flushing mode
At present, there are basically two types of toilet flushing principles on the market: straight flush type and siphon type. Siphons are divided into vortex siphon and jet siphon.
/kloc-in the 20th century, the British government issued a law stipulating that every household must be equipped with an appropriate sewage treatment system, and toilets began to be greatly improved.
186 1 year, British plumber Thomas? Kleppa invented an advanced water-saving flushing system, and waste discharge began to enter a modern period.
1885, thomas tew Weaver obtained the first patent of all-ceramic toilet in Britain, and dozens of improvement patents have been awarded every year since then. 19 14, Qixin Ceramics Factory (the predecessor of Tangshan Ceramics Factory) opened by the British made the first ceramic toilet in China.
In Shanghai in the 1930s, at dawn, many people would rub their eyes, carry toilets and walk out of the house in turn. Then, there was a long line in front of the public faucet.
The 65438+ toilet became popular in Europe and America in 1960s, and later spread to Japan, South Korea and other Asian countries.
I only saw it in hotels in Beijing in the early 1980s, and now it is also used in toilets in Beijing.
instructions
Folding flushing
Dr Philip Terno of new york University pointed out that if the toilet lid is opened when flushing, the instantaneous cyclone in the toilet can take germs or microorganisms up to 6 meters in the air, suspend them in the air for several hours, and then land on walls and objects. At present, most families go to the toilet, wash and shower in the bathroom, such as toothbrushes, mouthwash cups and towels. They are all in the same room as the toilet, so they are naturally vulnerable to bacterial pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the habit of covering the toilet lid when flushing.
Folding cleaning
1) The toilet seat should be cleaned with more bacteria.
32% of toilets are interested in Shigella dysenteriae, and one Shigella dysenteriae named "Songnei" has lived on the toilet seat for 17 days. Another experimental report also pointed out that 654.38 billion polio viruses were thrown into the toilet, and 3,000 viruses spilled on the toilet seat. At the same time, many people like to put a flannel pad on the toilet in winter, which makes it easier to absorb, retain and excrete pollutants and spread diseases more easily.
The place with such serious pollution is the place with the closest contact with human skin, which needs to be cleaned emphatically and wiped with diluted household disinfectant every one or two days. As for the cloth gasket, it is best not to use it. If you must use it, you should always clean and disinfect it. If you have the conditions, you might as well change to a toilet with antibacterial function and splash-proof design.
2) Clean the dirt in the toilet in time.
Toilets are easily polluted by urine stains, feces and other dirt. If you find that there are still traces after flushing, you must clean it with a toilet brush in time, otherwise it will easily form macular spots and breed mold and bacteria. In addition to being close to the nozzle, the water outlet at the inner edge of the toilet and the outer side of the base are places where dirt is hidden. When cleaning, first lift the toilet seat and spray it with toilet cleaner. After a few minutes, brush it thoroughly with a toilet brush, preferably with a fine brush, so as to better clean the depth of the inner edge of the toilet and the nozzle. Then scrub the base and other gaps.
3) Try not to set a wastebasket beside the toilet.
At ordinary times, you can also put a gradually dissolving automatic toilet cleaner in the water tank or hang a wall-mounted disinfection plug, so as to achieve the effects of cleaning, descaling, disinfection and sterilization by flushing each time.
Most families will set a wastebasket next to the toilet to store used toilet paper, but this will cause bacteria to spread with the air, because few people can clean it at any time, at least for a day or two, and the longer it takes, the more bacteria there will be.
Toilet paper should be thrown into the toilet and washed away. As long as it is not too thick and tough, toilet paper can generally soften quickly in water, so don't worry about clogging. When necessary, just prepare a sanitary bag, there is no need to set up a waste paper basket. If you must use it, you should also choose a cover to prevent the spread of bacteria and dispose of used toilet paper in time.
4) The toilet brush should be kept clean and dry.
Toilet brush is the hero to keep the toilet clean, however, if you don't pay attention to cleaning and drying, it will also become a source of pollution. Every time you brush something dirty, you will inevitably get dirty on the brush. It is best to rinse with clean water, drain, spray with disinfectant, or soak with disinfectant regularly and put it in a suitable place.
Experts suggest that toilet brushes should be hung up, not just in corners or closed containers.
5) that importance of clean toilets
Professor Yu Qingfu from the School of Public Health of Fudan University pointed out that the survey found that 32% of toilets had Shigella dysenteriae. Another experimental report also pointed out that 654.38 billion polio viruses were thrown into the toilet, and 3,000 viruses spilled on the toilet seat. At present, most families go to the toilet, wash and shower in the bathroom, such as toothbrushes, mouthwash cups and towels. They are all in the same room as the toilet, so they are naturally vulnerable to bacterial pollution. The bacteria in the toilet mainly come from excrement and dirt and bacteria left on the toilet wall for a long time due to improper cleaning.
6) Key points of household toilet cleaning
Daily use of two-color double-effect toilet cleaner, just put toilet cleaner in the toilet tank. Each washing can achieve the purpose of cleaning and sterilization. While using the toilet cleaning spirit, it is also necessary to use the toilet cleaning spirit regularly. The average family is 1-2 weeks. Clean the toilet with toilet cleaning liquid, talk about the dirt and bacteria left on the toilet wall and brush it again with a toilet brush. Wipe the toilet seat with diluted household disinfectant every one or two days.