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Many people are used to operating TV with remote control. To use the remote control, the power must always be on. You may not think that as long as the power is turned on, the picture tube of the TV will be preheated. Although many parts don't work, they consume electricity in vain.
Even if the power switch is turned off, as long as the plug is not unplugged, the TV will consume electricity. This situation of standby power consumption also exists in other electrical appliances. In a big city with more than 3 million households like Beijing, the average standby power consumption of each household is calculated at 1.5 watts, which wastes 1 100 million kwh a day and loses hundreds of millions of kwh a year. In fact, as long as we turn off the power, unplug the plug and move our fingers, we can save hundreds of millions of kwh. Why not?
In addition, different appliances have different power-saving methods.
Refrigerator is one of the biggest appliances in the home, and it can be said that it is a big power consumer in the home. If you don't know the characteristics of this guy, you will waste a lot of electricity.
The food in the refrigerator is not full. Because the power consumption of the refrigerator is directly related to the amount of food it contains, the more things it contains, the greater the load of the refrigerator and the more power it consumes. Moreover, there should be gaps between foods to facilitate cold air convection, speed up cooling, and achieve the purpose of saving electricity.
The refrigerator needs to control the small ambient temperature below one cubic meter, while the air conditioner needs to maintain the large space temperature of dozens of cubic meters, so it consumes much more energy. How can we maximize the cool and save electricity in hot summer?
After the air conditioner is used for a period of time, a lot of dust will accumulate on the filter screen. These dirty things hinder the air circulation and prevent the cold air from blowing out, and the cooling effect is poor. In this case, if the indoor temperature drops, the compressor will have to work longer and consume electricity. Therefore, cleaning the dust screen regularly can save electricity by about 30%.
In addition, the lower the temperature is set, the longer the air conditioner must run to reach this temperature, and the more power it consumes. Therefore, raising the cooling temperature of air conditioner by 1 Celsius can save electricity by more than 10%, and our bodies can hardly notice such a small temperature difference.
In fact, how to reduce the energy consumption of electrical appliances is also a problem that researchers have been exploring. An air conditioner without traditional freon as refrigerant is developed, which not only has high refrigeration efficiency, but also consumes less power. There is also an air conditioner without electricity, which can convert solar energy into electric energy for air conditioning operation. Although new and more energy-saving appliances are constantly emerging, the most important thing is that all of us start from the small things around us and form the habit of saving electricity.
In cities of China, especially large and medium-sized cities, the shortage of water resources is also an embarrassing problem. China's per capita water resources are only a quarter of the world average, but the water consumption is huge. Like Beijing, the per capita water consumption is four times the world average. So, don't think that saving water has nothing to do with you. A dripping faucet can leak 70 liters of water a day, which is 25 tons of water a year. In our life, such loopholes are not uncommon. Besides setting up water-saving consciousness, what other tricks can we use to save water?
In fact, it is easy to save water as long as we pay attention to the little things around us. For example, remove heavy oil stains from tableware, and don't wash it directly with detergent. Wipe clean with paper before cleaning, which can save more than half of the water.
When washing hands, washing in a basin saves more water than running water, and the same is true when washing vegetables and fruits or washing dishes. Continuous washing with the tap on is very water-consuming, and intermittent washing can save water. Save water and reuse it.
The washing machine at home consumes a lot of water. In order to save water, manufacturers and researchers have made great efforts to save water as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the cleanliness of clothes.
This inclined shape is not for beauty or originality, and the inclined plane design of 10 degree has its own reasons. After the washing drum is tilted 10 degree, its water level is relatively deep, which can achieve a large number of washing effects. So save water.
The program set by the washing machine is generally one wash and two rinses, and water is mainly spent on rinsing. If washing powder is not used, won't rinse water be saved?
This ultrasonic washing machine can send out 20,000 shock waves per second, which can "shake" the dirt on clothes. A special water electrolysis device is also installed in the washing machine, which can decompose water molecules in tap water into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions, and use the ions to decompose and adsorb stains and dust to clean clothes. Two-pronged, this washing machine without washing powder saves more than 30% water than ordinary washing machines.
Also, the water level of the washing machine should not be set too high, otherwise there will be no friction between clothes, and it will waste water if it is not cleaned.
In addition to washing machines, toilets are also a major household water user, accounting for about 35% of residents' water consumption. A family of three will wash away more than 3,000 liters of water a month.
Technicians have developed a new type of toilet, which only uses 4 liters of water each time, saving one-third to one-half of the water compared with the existing toilet.
Its water tank accumulates air while filling water, compresses the accumulated air by using the pressure in the water supply pipeline, and then pushes the water to flow into the bedpan at a higher speed. Different from the "pull" force of traditional sanitary ware, this new sanitary ware uses "push" force to discharge dirt, which has great impulse, so it can save water.
In fact, other domestic water can also be used to flush toilets. For example, after the last rinse, the clothes are washed clean, and the water discharged from the washing machine looks cleaner. Unfortunately, it flows directly into the sewer. There is also water such as washing your face and vegetables. It would be nice if it could be reused. Wu Hanping, an amateur inventor, developed a set of domestic water reuse device and obtained a national patent. He connected the sink in the kitchen, the basin in the bathroom and the water tank in the bathroom to a water storage tank. Clean water from the sink and basin enters the storage tank for flushing the toilet.
In a word, saving hydropower resources in the family can not only rely on the support of new technologies and products developed by researchers, but also require each of us to start from scratch.
In June, 2005, there was continuous high temperature weather in North China, the power load rose rapidly, and the contradiction between power supply and demand became increasingly prominent. Taking Beijing as an example, it is estimated that the maximum load of electricity consumption will reach 654.38+007 million kilowatts this summer, an increase of 654.38+03.5% over last year. As far as the current situation is concerned, the power gap will reach 6.5438+million kilowatts.
It's not just the electricity. In fact, inadvertently, all kinds of resources in our family living environment have been quietly lost. In fact, we can save a lot of resources as long as the methods are proper. So how can my home save energy?
When the summer heat comes, on the one hand, the power supply is in a hurry, on the other hand, a lot of power is quietly wasted. In our daily life, which electricity slips away quietly under our eyes?
Many people are used to operating TV with remote control. To use the remote control, the power must always be on. You may not think that as long as the power is turned on, the picture tube of the TV will be preheated. Although many parts don't work, they consume electricity in vain.
Even if the power switch is turned off, as long as the plug is not unplugged, the TV will consume electricity. This situation of standby power consumption also exists in other electrical appliances. In a big city with more than 3 million households like Beijing, the average standby power consumption of each household is calculated at 1.5 watts, which wastes 1 100 million kwh a day and loses hundreds of millions of kwh a year. In fact, as long as we turn off the power, unplug the plug and move our fingers, we can save hundreds of millions of kwh. Why not?
In addition, different appliances have different power-saving methods.
Refrigerator is one of the biggest appliances in the home, and it can be said that it is a big power consumer in the home. If you don't know the characteristics of this guy, you will waste a lot of electricity.
The food in the refrigerator is not full. Because the power consumption of the refrigerator is directly related to the amount of food it contains, the more things it contains, the greater the load of the refrigerator and the more power it consumes. Moreover, there should be gaps between foods to facilitate cold air convection, speed up cooling, and achieve the purpose of saving electricity.
The refrigerator needs to control the small ambient temperature below one cubic meter, while the air conditioner needs to maintain the large space temperature of dozens of cubic meters, so it consumes much more energy. How can we maximize the cool and save electricity in hot summer?
After the air conditioner is used for a period of time, a lot of dust will accumulate on the filter screen. These dirty things hinder the air circulation and prevent the cold air from blowing out, and the cooling effect is poor. In this case, if the indoor temperature drops, the compressor will have to work longer and consume electricity. Therefore, cleaning the dust screen regularly can save electricity by about 30%.
In addition, the lower the temperature is set, the longer the air conditioner must run to reach this temperature, and the more power it consumes. Therefore, raising the cooling temperature of air conditioner by 1 Celsius can save electricity by more than 10%, and our bodies can hardly notice such a small temperature difference.
In fact, how to reduce the energy consumption of electrical appliances is also a problem that researchers have been exploring. An air conditioner without traditional freon as refrigerant is developed, which not only has high refrigeration efficiency, but also consumes less power. There is also an air conditioner without electricity, which can convert solar energy into electric energy for air conditioning operation. Although new and more energy-saving appliances are constantly emerging, the most important thing is that all of us start from the small things around us and form the habit of saving electricity.
In cities of China, especially large and medium-sized cities, the shortage of water resources is also an embarrassing problem. China's per capita water resources are only a quarter of the world average, but the water consumption is huge. Like Beijing, the per capita water consumption is four times the world average. So, don't think that saving water has nothing to do with you. A dripping faucet can leak 70 liters of water a day, which is 25 tons of water a year. In our life, such loopholes are not uncommon. Besides setting up water-saving consciousness, what other tricks can we use to save water?
In fact, it is easy to save water as long as we pay attention to the little things around us. For example, remove heavy oil stains from tableware, and don't wash it directly with detergent. Wipe clean with paper before cleaning, which can save more than half of the water.
When washing hands, washing in a basin saves more water than running water, and the same is true when washing vegetables and fruits or washing dishes. Continuous washing with the tap on is very water-consuming, and intermittent washing can save water. Save water and reuse it.
The washing machine at home consumes a lot of water. In order to save water, manufacturers and researchers have made great efforts to save water as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the cleanliness of clothes.
This inclined shape is not for beauty or originality, and the inclined plane design of 10 degree has its own reasons. After the washing drum is tilted 10 degree, its water level is relatively deep, which can achieve a large number of washing effects. So save water.
The program set by the washing machine is generally one wash and two rinses, and water is mainly spent on rinsing. If washing powder is not used, won't rinse water be saved?
This ultrasonic washing machine can send out 20,000 shock waves per second, which can "shake" the dirt on clothes. A special water electrolysis device is also installed in the washing machine, which can decompose water molecules in tap water into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions, and use the ions to decompose and adsorb stains and dust to clean clothes. Two-pronged, this washing machine without washing powder saves more than 30% water than ordinary washing machines.
Also, the water level of the washing machine should not be set too high, otherwise there will be no friction between clothes, and it will waste water if it is not cleaned.
In addition to washing machines, toilets are also a major household water user, accounting for about 35% of residents' water consumption. A family of three will wash away more than 3,000 liters of water a month.
Technicians have developed a new type of toilet, which only uses 4 liters of water each time, saving one-third to one-half of the water compared with the existing toilet.
Its water tank accumulates air while filling water, compresses the accumulated air by using the pressure in the water supply pipeline, and then pushes the water to flow into the bedpan at a higher speed. Different from the "pull" force of traditional sanitary ware, this new sanitary ware uses "push" force to discharge dirt, which has great impulse, so it can save water.
In fact, other domestic water can also be used to flush toilets. For example, after the last rinse, the clothes are washed clean, and the water discharged from the washing machine looks cleaner. Unfortunately, it flows directly into the sewer. There is also water such as washing your face and vegetables. It would be nice if it could be reused. Wu Hanping, an amateur inventor, developed a set of domestic water reuse device and obtained a national patent. He connected the sink in the kitchen, the basin in the bathroom and the water tank in the bathroom to a water storage tank. Clean water from the sink and basin enters the storage tank for flushing the toilet.
In a word, saving hydropower resources in the family can not only rely on the support of new technologies and products developed by researchers, but also require each of us to start from scratch. Simple and seemingly inconspicuous practices can actually play a great role. Don't underestimate these efforts, your contribution to everyone is included.
water
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Speaking of saving water, many people will focus on some industries that use a lot of water, and feel that the unit is the main body of saving. However, statistics show that the daily water supply in Kunming is 700,000 cubic meters, of which more than half is used for domestic water. It seems that saving also requires us to start from scratch. Then, in Kunming, a city that is seriously short of water, what is people's awareness of water conservation? Has the whole people saved water? The reporter conducted an investigation.
Outside the canteen of a university in Kunming, after lunch, the cleaning staff is preparing to clean the tableware. This faucet is on like this, and the basin is full of water and keeps flowing out, but no one cares.
Reporter: Why not turn off the water?
Cleaner: Excuse me, I'll find a rag.
Reporter: Why not turn it off and look for it?
Cleaner: Sorry, I forgot.
Another faucet next to the cleaner is also running. There are still two or three drain taps that are not tightened and still dripping. The cleaner explained to the reporter that the faucet was broken and could not be turned off. But the reporter just twisted it and turned it off. The cleaner smiled awkwardly and said that he was washing dishes and didn't pay attention.
A drop like this looks unremarkable, but the waste it causes is amazing. According to estimates, even if water drips like this, 3.6 kilograms of water will flow out within 1 hour, which is 2.6 tons of water a month, enough to provide a person's living needs. And the continuous small water flow like this, the water flowing away every hour reaches 17 kg. The big water flow, the water flowing away every hour is 482 kilograms. In addition to the water pipes outside the canteen, the dormitory water room is also a centralized water use area. Here, the reporter found that some students wash with a lot of water and wash a small amount of clothes and tableware; Some people left without turning off the tap. Students themselves admit that the phenomenon of wasting water in life is more prominent, mainly because of their weak awareness of water saving.
The reporter learned that students don't have to pay for water in school dormitories, which causes students to use water at will and wastes water to some extent. In addition, some old sanitary wares that should have been eliminated on campus are still in use, which is also one of the reasons for the loss of water resources. The toilets in this teaching building use automatic flushing water tanks, which will be flushed every 15 minutes or so, and the tap water for one flush is 65 kg. There are 22 such water tanks in this building, with a flushing capacity of 1.430 kg and a flushing capacity of nearly 1.400 tons. The students said: this kind of water tank flushes 24 hours a day. Whether there are people or not, it is a waste of water.
Compared with all kinds of public places, the waste of water resources in living quarters is more hidden and difficult to be found. This is the 2 1 residential building in Donghua Community. A solar water tank on the roof has been seriously leaking for more than a month.
Cai Ling, a resident of Donghua Community, said: On August 18, my relatives came to hang clothes after taking a shower and found water leaking across the street. No one has turned off the water valve these days, which is a waste. It's been almost a month now, and it's been flowing day and night. Especially at night, the sound is very loud.
Whose broken water tank is it? The reporter did not find it. Because this family has moved away. But there are two people living on the top floor below the water tank, and such a loud sound of running water can be heard clearly from a few meters away. Have they ever reported that water is wasted? After the reporter knocked on the door, one household didn't open the door, and the other replied, "It's not my water leakage, it's none of my business."
This irrelevant attitude has made the high-quality tap water from the solar water tank upstairs flow in vain for more than a month, which is a great pity.
Compared with the apathy and waste behavior caused by some citizens' lack of awareness of water saving, others consciously joined the ranks of water saving. Cai Ling's family, who also lives in Donghua Community, also has a solar water tank leaking. In order to prevent water leakage again, their family reformed the water tank two years ago.
Resident Cai Ling: When the water supply company comes to install a water meter for each household, let them install a valve and the water will enter the solar water tank. It turns out that the float valve in the water tank is easy to break, and the water in the broken water tank will keep flowing and be wasted. There is such a valve. After taking a bath at home, we usually open the valve 10 minutes. No matter whether the water tank is full or not, there are only two people in my family, so a bath is enough.
Cai Ling's solar water tank has a capacity of 500 kilograms, which can't be used up at home. So they removed the float valve that automatically controlled the water level of the water tank and used a manual valve to control it. This not only prevents the water tank from leaking, but also saves water consumption. At the same time, her family also adopted a multi-purpose method to save water.
Su, Cai Ling's mother: For us, saving a drop of water is saving a grain, so we save water in all aspects. We use the saved water to clean, clean tables, wash clothes and flush toilets. For example, in some counties, crops can't be planted in the fields because of drought, so we attach great importance to it.
More than one family uses more than one kind of water. Zhang Biying lives in Palm Tree Camp Community. As early as three or four years ago, they began to pay attention to saving water. There are eight people in Zhang Biying's family, but the monthly domestic water consumption is only about 6 tons. Now the average water consumption of a family of three is generally around 10 tons.
Zhang Biying: Usually I just put the water for washing vegetables in a basin to flush the bathroom. Sometimes the water for washing dishes flows from the pipe to the bathroom, which is through this pipe. The pipe is connected from the kitchen, and this port is directly connected to the bathroom. There is also water for washing hands, which is also through this pipe.
Four years ago, Zhang Biying's family did it themselves, and connected the kitchen drain pipe to the bathroom, reducing the amount of clean water in the bathroom. In daily life, this family has turned saving water into a habit. She told reporters: It is also good for us to be aware of it. It can save money and benefit the country.
Gong Xunmu, Director of Kunming Planned Water Supply and Water Saving Office: There are more than 600,000 households in Kunming. If each household saves water and uses more water, it is easy to save one ton of water, but Kunming has saved more than 600,000 tons of water, and the small account cannot be counted.
Then, among the general public, how many people have the habit of saving water, how do they save water and what is the starting point of saving water? In order to understand people's more detailed water use habits in family life, the reporter made 30 questionnaires. After statistics of these questionnaires, the reporter found that 70% people wash vegetables without receiving water from the basin, but turn on the tap to wash them. 80% people don't turn off the tap when washing and soaping. When 50% people use the washing machine to wash clothes, they don't fill a bucket when washing. There are 20% people who will not repair the faucet in time when it is damaged by dripping water. It can be seen that there are still many uneconomical phenomena in people's domestic water use.
Woody, director of the business office of Kunming Water Supply Company: The saving layer is mainly in middle-aged and elderly people. They are all formed by long-term habits, and young people are even worse, so there is no national water saving at present.
The reporter found that most of these water-saving middle-aged and elderly people's family income is not too high, and many middle-aged and elderly people have experienced the difficult period of material shortage and developed good habits. Their starting point of saving water is actually to save money. But no matter what the starting point is, due to the high family status of middle-aged and elderly people, their words and deeds have driven the younger generation to save water to a certain extent.
Most of the interviewees said that they had taken some measures to save water in their homes. However, when the reporter asked how much water can be saved by these water-saving measures in a certain period of time, most citizens said that they had not calculated it and were uncertain. At the same time, the reporter found that some businesses also began to save money as a selling point. Take the household bathroom market as an example. At present, the best-selling toilet is a toilet with a capacity of 6 liters. In the past, toilets with a capacity of more than 8 liters were rarely favored.
When people criticize the waste phenomena such as running water and ever-burning lamps in life, some people often say confidently, "I'll just pay more money." Yes, people have the right and money to spend, but we also have the responsibility and obligation to save the resources of the whole society. When the consciousness of saving is transformed into good habits, this is the cornerstone of building a conservation-oriented society.
electric current
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As an electrician, I know what electricity means to enterprises. Power failure will make enterprises stop production, lose economic benefits and reduce workers' income. I feel from my daily work and life that there is indeed a lot of electricity that can be saved:
1, advocate all families, enterprises and institutions to use energy-saving lamps, and the real energy-saving lamps save 50% to 80%. The utilization rate of energy-saving lamps in our unit accounts for more than 90%.
2, the weather is getting warmer, it is recommended that families and units turn off all electric heaters.
3. It is suggested that large electricity users should avoid the peak period and arrange their working hours reasonably.
4. Those who use electric water heaters switch to gas for heating or take a bath in public toilets, and those who use electric kettles to boil water also switch to gas.
5. It is suggested that families undergoing renovation tend to buy gas water heaters or solar water heaters.
6. While saving electricity, we should also save water. When there is a power shortage, saving water is equivalent to saving electricity.
7. It is suggested that when there is a serious power shortage, all kinds of media should be mobilized to publicize and save electricity, so as to raise the general public's awareness of saving electricity.
8. It is suggested that enterprises and institutions turn off corridor lights and stair crossing lights during the day.
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1. Save water. In order to cherish water resources, don't let the faucet be empty and shorten the shower time; Install water-saving faucet; Use a water-saving toilet.
2. Save electricity, use electrical appliances as little as possible, and turn off the lights. Close the refrigerator door at any time; Use energy-saving lamps; buy
Buy efficient and energy-saving appliances.
3. The surge in demand for paper-saving pulp is one of the reasons for the increase in wood consumption. The annual consumption of wood for papermaking in China is 1000.
10,000 cubic meters, 6.5438+0.3 million tons of imported wood pulp. The large consumption of imported paper not only causes forest destruction, but also seriously pollutes rivers and lakes due to the sewage discharged from pulp production (the pollution caused by paper industry accounts for more than 30% of the whole water area). ), the used paper can be turned over to make draft paper, note paper, or made into a notebook; An expired calendar can be wrapped in a book bag.
4. Waste utilization, such as: candy paper can be folded into lighting or door curtains, old clothes can be made into mops and so on. Support and participate in waste paper,
Recycling of waste glass, plastics and metals.
5. Reduce domestic garbage and consciously classify garbage.
6. Use less chemicals, buy and use phosphorus-free and biodegradable washing products;
7. Try not to use private cars. In order to reduce air pollution and save energy, try to use public transport, bicycles or
Walking; Use unleaded gasoline and buy a car with a small displacement.
8. Bring your own shopping bag when shopping.