I don’t understand what “general” means. Atomic fluorescence and atomic absorption are both spectra, and the principles are slightly different. The specialty of atomic fluorescence is the measurement of some transition elements and special metal elements such as As, Se, Hg, etc. Jitianchu's AFS9230 can reach ug/L level or lower. Atomic fluorescence is our country's patent. Atomic absorption is divided into two types: flame and graphite furnace. It mainly measures heavy metal elements. Graphite furnace atomic absorption can also measure heavy metal elements to the ug/L level. Atomic fluorescence and atomic absorption are complementary and can measure most metallic and transitional elements in the laboratory without ICPMS. Which one is more superior and which one has the lower detection limit depends on the specific element.