DOS and windows are Microsoft's.
DOS is an early Microsoft system with powerful functions, but mainly CLI (Command Line Interface). I remember there seems to be no GUI (graphical interface).
Windows you should know from the name, windows system is mainly GUI, because DOS is very small, so DOS is often installed on Windows.
Because DOS and windows are both operating systems, I understand that they are at the same level, but DOS is mainly based on CLI (Command Line Interface), while windows is mainly based on GUI.
If it can be understood from the time sequence, Windows is based on DOS system.
Linux Unix
As early as 20 years before linux appeared, there was a fairly mature operating system, which was unix. In chronological order, Unix is the big brother of linux.
Unix is not open source, but linux is open source. Linux is a Uniqlo, and Uniqlo is also open source. Linux is based on Uniqlo: minix.
Author of Minix: Professor Andrew Tanenbaum (GeraldTannebaum). He is a professor of Unix. Because Unix is a closed source, he wrote a system similar to Unix: Minux without referring to any UNIX code.
So linux is the same system as Unix, but it also has its own kernel, and there is no patent dispute with Unix.
To sum up, it's a bit messy:
The first is UNIX, which is used for mainframes. Later, UNIX closed its source code, and people used it as if they were writing a system more like UNIX, so UNIX Like appeared (that's how Minix came from).
Later Torvalds wrote linux according to minix, and Linux was born.
So: DOS and windows are Microsoft's operating systems.
There are many Unix companies, such as SUN HP-UX.
Linux also has many families: Centoson Bantusue.
And Linux is completely compatible with Unix, so there is not much difference between Linux and Unix.
Generally speaking, software is not directly applicable to various operating systems. Generally speaking, software can only be used after being transplanted between different operating systems.
For a detailed description of each operating system, you can go to Baidu's entry, and here are the corresponding links:
DOS:/subview/365/797 1327 . htm？ fromId=576065
Windows:/view/46646.htm？ fromId = 482 1 & amp； Redirect =seachword
Linux:/view/ 1634.htm
Unix:/view/8095.htm