La is the minimum anchorage length of tensile reinforcement.
LAE is the seismic anchorage length of tensile reinforcement.
Ll is the lap length of longitudinal tensile reinforcement binding.
Lle is the binding lap length of longitudinal tensile reinforcement during earthquake resistance.
Traditional domestic design methods are inefficient and the quality is difficult to control. Japan's structural drawings do not have detailed details of joint structure, and the detailed details of joint structure are redesigned by the construction company (construction unit), so the design efficiency is high and the quality is guaranteed. The structural design of the United States only gives the reinforcement area, and the specific reinforcement method is done by the construction company. Therefore, the traditional design method in China must be reformed.
199 1 September, leveling method began to be applied to projects in Shandong, and leveling method began to be popularized. The structural drawing is applicable to all parts, and it is on the floor plan, so it is convenient to go anywhere. After the introduction of the Ping Law, there were three kinds of people: those who resolutely supported, resolutely opposed and made no statement. Later, they contributed patents to the country and became national standards.
Flat method is for professionals engaged in structural design and construction, which improves the scientific and technological content and prevents non-professionals from understanding it. The reform of design methods has also promoted the improvement of the technical level of construction units. Flattening method is a revolution in the field of structural design, which can improve the efficiency by more than two times and improve the unreasonable staffing situation of structural departments in China. Every 3 architects correspond to 1 architect.