Bell was not interested in formal education at school, so his family sent him to London University to study acoustics. Influenced by his childhood, his interest in learning became higher and higher, and he quickly mastered the structure of human vocal organs and auditory organs, which may be the beginning of his invention of telephone. From 65438 to 0873, Bell devoted all his energy to the design and experiment of telephone. At the same time, he went to consult Professor Henry, an American electrical physicist. Professor Henry gave him great help.
The road to science is arduous, and great inventions have to go through many hardships. Bell, who is committed to this invention, lacks both funds and technical help. Fortunately, after he returned to Boston on 1875, he met the headmaster of a school for the deaf, and later met Watson, a young electrical expert, and finally got support and help.
After some efforts, on June 2, 1875, Bell's phone finally reached the final test moment. Assistant Watson put his ear to the speaker in another room with closed doors and windows, ready to answer. Bell accidentally spilled sulfuric acid on his leg during the last operation, which made him cry, "Watson, come and help me!" " A miracle happened, and this sentence reached Watson's ears through his experimental mobile phone. This extremely common sentence became the first voice transmitted by telephone in history. This day is also commemorated as a great day when the telephone was invented. 1876 In March, Bell obtained a patent for telephone invention.
1877, the first telephone lines were opened in Boston and new york, which are 300 kilometers apart. Just this year, someone sent news information to the Boston Globe by telephone for the first time, and the public began to use the telephone.
1877, Bell and his partners set up their own company, which was the predecessor of American Civil Telegraph Company. The telephone achieved rapid and unparalleled commercial success, and Bell became rich. Nevertheless, he never stopped his research activities, and he also successfully invented several other useful devices. 1882, Bell became an American citizen. 1922, the great inventor died at the age of 76.
◆ Knowledge expansion
Bell Laboratories named after Bell is recognized as the most creative R&D institution in the field of communication. Transistors, lasers, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, mathematical switches, communication satellites, electronic mathematical computers, cellular mobile communication equipment, long-distance television transmission, analog languages, audio movies, stereo recording, communication networks and many other important inventions were born here.
In the process of developing the telephone, Bell was under great pressure. First, Watson, his assistant, fell ill, and then he was warned by the school for deaf children. Because Bell had fallen in love with Mabel, the headmaster asked him to either give up the experiment or marry his daughter. Go your own way or lose Mabel forever. Fortunately, when they got engaged, the headmaster changed his attitude and applied for a patent for Bell without his knowledge. It turns out that what he did was right. In the afternoon, another inventor also applied for a patent. If it were not for the headmaster, the history of telephone invention would be rewritten.
★ Knowledge link ★
At first, each pair of telephones was connected by two wires. Then, the switch concentrated the telephone lines in one place, and other inventions, such as vacuum tubes for amplifying sound and coaxial cables connecting the land and the seabed for a long distance, expanded telephone services. Later, transistors replaced vacuum tubes. By the 65438+1960s, communication satellites no longer needed ground lines. Today, bundles of glass fibers use lasers to transmit conversations between people. It can be said that the telephone has brought earth-shaking changes to mankind, and all this should be attributed to alexander bell, the father of the telephone.