At the beginning of the 12th Five-Year Plan, policies were favorable and Shantou Port ushered in good development opportunities. In May of this year, the State Council approved the scope of the Shantou Special Economic Zone to be expanded from the original Shantou urban area to the entire city of Shantou. Covering "six districts and one county" in Shantou City, the media generally believes that this move not only wins wider development space for Shantou Special Economic Zone, but also injects new thinking and blood into the development of Shantou City.
In November of the same year, national policies once again provided support to Shantou. The "Guangdong Marine Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone Development Plan" was approved by the State Council. As a "port-based city", Shantou once again ushered in a major strategy for economic development. Opportunities. According to the plan, in order to cooperate with the development of the province's comprehensive marine economic pilot zone, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation proposed a "one core and two wings" strategic layout for the development of Guangdong's shipping industry. Shantou, located in eastern Guangdong, Among them, "one wing" is responsible for connecting the "east wing" shipping service industry cluster of the Haixi Economic Circle. This means that, like Guangdong in the future, Shantou will move from "land" to "ocean".
Industry insiders believe that compared with the first round of "special zone expansion" policies, this round of marine economic strategic ambitions will undoubtedly become another spring for the economic development of Shantou Special Economic Zone.
Rich port resources boost the speed of marine economy
Shantou’s superior conditions for the development of marine economy benefit from the region’s rich port resources.
It is understood that Shantou has established 30 special economic zones. In recent years, port construction has been booming, thanks to its natural geographical conditions. Over the years, Shantou has built more than 60 berths, including 18 berths with 10,000 to 50,000 tons and 23 berths with 3,000 to 5,000 tons. The city's port throughput capacity reached 32.44 million tons in 2018, an increase of 20 times compared with that before the reform and opening up (only 3 intermediate berths). As for the port operation area, only the old port area before the reform and opening up increased to Shigang District, Mashan Port District, and Zhuhai. Chigang District, Guangao Port District and Haimen Port District
Years of reform and opening up have also promoted the production and development of Shantou Port, and its port throughput has continued to set new records. In 1982, Shantou Port completed cargo throughput. It exceeded the 2 million tons mark in 2006 and exceeded the 20 million tons mark in 2011. Shantou Port completed cargo throughput of 40.05 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 14%; it completed 1.1 million TEUs, a year-on-year increase of 17%, and entered the world's port container throughput. It is worth mentioning that the growth rate of the above two indicators was 4.5 and 19.3 percentage points higher than the national average of large-scale coastal ports at that time.
At present, Shantou Port has developed into a port. One of my country's 25 coastal hub ports, it has trade relations with 289 ports in 68 countries and regions around the world since its opening, and has 7 international liner routes. Domestically, Shantou Port's container routes can directly reach Shanghai, Qingdao, and Tianjin. , Dalian, Taiwan and other 26 ports.
Due to its special port resource advantages, Shantou’s marine economy has developed rapidly. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, Shantou's marine economy grew at an average annual rate of 12.5%, and the comprehensive strength of marine transportation, marine tourism, coastal industry, marine fishery and other industries was further improved. In 2010, the city's gross marine product value was 24.828 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.3%, which was 1.7 times that at the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, accounting for 20% of the city's gross product value. The ratio of the three marine industries was 30.8:32.5:36.7. At the same time, the development of Shantou's marine transportation industry is also showing a good trend. The fixed asset investment in the port has accumulated to 1.75 billion yuan, and it has established maritime economic, trade and shipping relations with 57 countries and regions and 268 ports in the world. By 2010, the number of port berths reached 86, including 18 deep-water berths over 10,000 tons; cargo throughput was 35.09 million tons, double that at the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, with an average annual growth rate of 15.2% during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" ; Container throughput was 935,000 TEU, an increase of 154% compared with the end of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, and the average annual growth rate during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" was 20.7%. In 2010, the city's total fishery economic output value reached 7.6 billion yuan, the total output of aquatic products was 399,000 tons, the export volume of aquatic products was 90,000 tons, and the export value was US$533 million.
Port construction promotes the steady progress of urban marine economy
As a port city that relies on maritime trade, Shantou’s port construction and urban development have become mutually dependent and mutually reinforcing The relationship between , *** and development. The fate of the port and the city is closely related. It can be said that "when one loses, both lose, and when one prospers, the other prospers."
Shantou is close to the South China Sea, with dense inland rivers and numerous coastal harbors. It has a coastline of 289 kilometers, accounting for three-quarters of the total coastline of the three cities of Chaoshan and Chaoshan. The natural water depth suitable for building a port is 28 kilometers of coastline. It can build more than 50 berths of 50,000 to 300,000 tons. The relevant planning of Shantou City shows that by 2020, Shantou City will build Shantou Port into a large port with an annual throughput capacity of 100 million tons on my country's southeastern coast, giving full play to the advantages of port resource aggregation and creating favorable conditions for the in-depth development of the city's marine economy.
As a synchronized content of port construction, Shantou will also strengthen the functional status of Shantou Port as a hub port, fully adjust the industrial structure of the port area, promote regional economic cooperation, improve the customs clearance environment, and build large-scale terminal berths. Consolidate and develop the local shipping industry, enhance the competitiveness of the water transport market, and further consolidate and develop the economic hinterland of eastern Guangdong, southern Jiangxi, and western Fujian; actively integrate Shantou Port into the "Western Hainan" economy, and pilot it to cooperate with eastern Guangdong and southern Jiangxi. , western Fujian and other places to carry out transportation cooperation, fully publicize Shantou’s customs clearance environment and port development potential, and attract goods from the above-mentioned regions to import and export from Shantou Port; further improve the customs clearance environment of Shantou Port, improve one-stop services such as customs, inspection, and quarantine, and promote Port logistics is large in and out, fast in and out.
Relevant departments of the Shantou Municipal Government stated that relying on the large-scale port construction, Shantou's total marine economy will significantly increase by 2015, and the gross marine product value will double compared with 2010, reaching 530 billion, accounting for 35% of the city's regional GDP, further increasing its contribution to the national economy and gradually becoming the backbone of the national economy; the spatial structure of the marine economy has been further improved, and the core area of ??marine economy around Shantou Bay and the Nan'ao Experimental County have been initially built. The spatial pattern of six major functional areas, including the Nanpeng Islands Marine Ecological Protection Demonstration Zone, the northern modern marine fishery optimization zone, the eastern coastal new city expansion zone, and the southern coastal industrial agglomeration zone, has basically formed a relatively centralized, clear-function, and distinctive marine economy. Spatial pattern, agglomeration benefits and scale benefits have been fully utilized; marine science and technology innovation capabilities have been further enhanced, a regional marine science and technology innovation system has been basically established, more than 5 marine high-tech enterprises have been cultivated, a number of marine technology patents and independent knowledge brands have been formed, and a preliminary establishment of The nation's leading demonstration base for "promoting the sea with science and technology"; the marine ecological environment has improved significantly. By 2015, the amount of major pollutants discharged into the sea will be reduced by nearly 10% compared with 2010. The ecological environment quality of important sea areas such as major estuaries, harbors, and coastal tourist areas has improved. Significantly improved, the disaster prevention and reduction system in coastal areas and major islands has been effectively established; comprehensive marine management has been significantly optimized, the mechanism and system for marine economic development have been gradually streamlined, a number of local policies and regulations to support the development of the marine economy have been introduced, and marine monitoring has been further improved , surveillance network, and initially realized the modernization, scientificization and standardization of marine management and public welfare services.
According to reports, by 2015, Shantou City will initially build a strong ocean city, and will fully build a strong ocean city by 2020.
Policies empower the marine economy to usher in a golden period of development
The introduction of the national marine strategy not only brings opportunities to Shantou’s marine development, but also promotes The launch of Shantou’s local marine strategic layout.
The Shantou Municipal Transportation Bureau stated that the "Guangdong Marine Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone Development Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") not only provides Shantou with opportunities, but also allows Shantou to see the dawn of the future.
In addition to inheriting the benefits brought by the "Plan", Shantou has "reinforced its efforts", relying on its unique geographical advantages and in accordance with the overall requirements of "using the sea to guide the land, using the land to promote the sea, and coordinating development" , focusing on building the core area of ??marine economy around Shantou Bay, strengthening the east coast new city expansion zone, the southern coastal industrial belt and the island development protection zone, focusing on cultivating the four marine economic development nodes of Guang'ao, Haimen, Houzhai and Qing'ao , formulated and formed the overall pattern of marine economic development in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" of "one core, three belts and four nodes".
According to reports, the "One Core" in the "Plan" refers to the sea area surrounding Shantou Bay and the supporting land area including Jinping, Longhu, Haojiang and Chaoyang Districts. It is the most complete foundation for Shantou's economic development. The area with the most coordinated development of sea and land economies bears the important task of reshaping urban functions and improving quality. It is the core area for Shantou's development of marine economy and plays an important radiating and driving role in the development of Shantou's marine economy. This area will focus on developing the northern marine headquarters economy and high-end service industry, marine high-tech industry, marine financial business and marine technology research and development; plan and build the southern marine wetland park, promote the development of high-end coastal tourism, cultivate and develop marine vocational education, marine exhibition industry, Modern logistics industry; Niutian Yang in the west focuses on developing the marine science and technology education industry and building a marine education center in eastern Guangdong.
The "three belts" refer to strengthening the east coast new city expansion belt, the southern coastal industrial belt and the island development protection zone. The development of the “Three Belts” plays an important role in promoting coordinated regional development, expanding urban development space, and improving the overall strength of the marine economy.
The four key marine economic development nodes of Guang'ao, Haimen, Houzhai and Qing'ao are important supporting points to promote the joint development of ports, industries and towns and enhance the overall development level of Shantou's coastal areas.
In addition, Shantou City also promotes the development of traditional advantageous marine industries including marine transportation, modern marine fisheries, and coastal industries, supports the development of strategic emerging marine industries, and cultivates and develops modern marine service industries. and other modern marine industries, and carried out detailed planning on improving marine science and technology support capabilities, improving marine-related infrastructure, strengthening marine environmental protection, scientifically developing marine resources, building a comprehensive marine development pilot county in South Australia, and promoting marine regional cooperation. Scientific detailed planning.
Some people in the industry said that the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for the development of Shantou's marine economy is not only the development program of Shantou's marine economy in the next 10 years, but also the "Guangdong Marine Economic Comprehensive Experimental Zone Development Plan" "A useful supplement to "The Plan" is also of decisive significance in promoting the development of the marine economy in eastern Guangdong, western Guangdong and even Guangdong as a whole.