Can I apply for a patent for a product that has been sold in the market if I have not applied for a patent?

No, because it is not novel.

Novelty means that before the filing date, no identical invention or utility model has been published in publications at home and abroad, used in China or known to the public in other ways, and no identical invention or utility model has been applied to the Patent Office by others and recorded in the patent application documents published after the filing date (including the filing date).

Therefore, the invention and utility model with novelty should be different from the existing technology, and also different from the invention or utility model that others applied to the Patent Office before the filing date and recorded in the patent application documents published after the filing date (including the filing date).

What has been sold is already known to the public, so you can't apply.