When it comes to Leonardo da Vinci and his inventions, you'd better ask such a question: "What didn't he invent?" Because he invented many things. There are many design drawings in Leonardo da Vinci's work log, but the most noteworthy is the design of the calculator. Imagine what science would be like without simple and complicated mathematical operations.
Leonardo da Vinci was the founder of the Renaissance. He can draw (such as the famous Mona Lisa), sculpt and invent. His diary has fascinated the whole world so far, describing many things from the human body to helicopters and tanks.
2. nikola tesla (USA)
Although nikola tesla was not recognized before his death, the US Supreme Court finally affirmed his patent application and confirmed that he, not Marconi, invented the radio.
Tesla may have been born unconventional. Although a transmission mode called "alternating current" invented by him is still in use today, in fact, his research focuses on the theoretical application of electricity (unfortunately, many research results still stay on the drawing board). It is this Tesla who always makes his own experimental equipment (such as the famous Tesla coil for collecting electric energy) and puts forward a series of viewpoints from X-rays to seismographs.
3. Alessandro Volta (Italy)
Volt didn't find electricity, but he came up with a good idea to carry it. You know, "Volt battery" is the pioneer of modern batteries.
Volt has been engaged in electrical work all his life. In the early days, he invented the starter (that is, a single-board capacitor with one charge), and a year later he devoted himself to the experiment of gas-fired power generation in a closed room. In the process, he discovered biogas (methane), a gas commonly used in families today. However, what really makes it famous is the "Volt battery", which is actually a pile of zinc sheets and copper sheets alternately arranged, and a cloth soaked in salt water is added between the two metal sheets to enhance the conductivity. But it is this rough battery that shows the world the mystery of how to use the chemical combination of metals to generate electricity.
4. alexander bell (UK)
Thanks to the telephone invented by alexander bell, we can hear each other's voices.
There are so many telephone providers now, but it is thanks to alexander bell that Bell Telephone Company, the first (and most powerful) telephone company in the world, was created. Bell is not only a single genius, his research ideas involve air conditioning (in fact, he built the original air conditioning system in his room), hydrofoil and the concept of magnetic storage information (which led to an unprecedented innovative invention-computer).
5. isaac newton (UK)
If you finally try to finish the advanced mathematics course, you may not be a big fan of Sir isaac newton, because all the problems you encounter are basically his fault-he invented calculus.
If you study physics now, whether it is about gravity (a story about an apple falling from a tree, whether true or false, is a powerful example) or the principle of light and optics, you have to start with Sir isaac newton's research results. Newton was the first to propose that "light is composed of particles", which led him to develop the reflecting telescope (now named after him). In addition, Newton also made contributions to the study of acoustic and thermal principles.
6. howard hughes (USA)
Howard hughes didn't invent the airplane. As the "father of global aviation", he mainly wrote some books about airlines. Although global aviation has become a thing of the past, thanks to howard hughes, air tourism can flourish.
He once put forward a series of innovative designs for passenger planes. For example, he redesigned "H- 1", so that retractable landing gear, connecting rods and connectors can be put into the fuselage to reduce air resistance in flight. This innovation and improvement had an impact on a series of fighter designs during World War II.
It is demeaning to say that howard hughes is a freak. He was born in the family of a famous inventor. The oil well drill invented by his father, Hughes Sr., enabled oil exploitation equipment to exploit resources that people could not touch before. Howard hughes lived in seclusion in his later years, but when he was young, he was a great man who conquered aviation and Hollywood. Whether developing an amphibious plane or having a tryst with Hollywood stars katharine hepburn or bette davis, he always goes his own way.
7. Benjamin Franklin (USA)
We all know that reading is fundamental, but reading is the premise of reading. Thanks to the bifocal glasses invented by Benjamin Franklin, even people with vision less than 20/20 can browse the web pages of websites. While writing the Chronicle of Poor Richard, helping the United States win the recognition of France (which reversed the situation of the American Revolution) and pleasing women everywhere, Franklin still made a very important contribution to science. Many of us may remember the photo of him flying a kite in the storm in the social studies class. This experiment taught Franklin a lot about electricity and brought us a lightning rod.
8. james watt (UK)
Today, we won't use steam as the main energy source, but back in the early days of the industrial revolution, steam was a time to show off. James watt spent a lot of time improving the steam engine and pushing the world forward.
Watt didn't invent the steam engine, but he could make it work for people. In fact, it was Watt's innovation and improvement that changed the world from agriculture to industry. In addition to making such a great contribution to power and machines, Watt also invented a rotating machine and a device called "flying ball", which can automatically adjust the speed of the machine.
9. Johannes Gutenberg (Germany)
Johannes Gutenberg wants to piece all the little things together to make a movable type printing machine. Before you realize the fact that his printing may set off an information revolution, you will feel that his idea seems a little less great.
None of us know who wrote the Bible, but we know the name of its publisher: Gutenberg. Yes, China's movable type printing has been used for hundreds of years before, but Gutenberg was the first to print words into books instead of silk. This innovation enabled a wider range of people to access knowledge, thus giving birth to the "Enlightenment Age". Gutenberg is one of the best inventors, but as a businessman, he is unfortunate. His printing changed the world, but it didn't make him rich. In a lawsuit against his investors, he even lost the right to invent this technology.
10, Thomas Edison (USA)
There is nothing more representative of innovation than a light bulb. In fact, Edison's invention had a far-reaching impact on the world and was called the symbol of all great ideas.
When people think that Edison can easily focus on the light bulb (an invention design that he actually improved and made feasible), in fact, his real intention is to electrify the light bulb to make it glow. 1882, Edison founded the world's first power transmission company to send electricity to 59 consumers in Manhattan. With the support of JP Morgan and Vanderbilt family consortium, Edison also used his knowledge to provide the world with an early version of the stock machine.
Besides, there are other scientists.
1 1, Thomson (1856- 1940), a British physicist, 1897, discovered the first basic particle of the material structure-the electron.
12, Fulton (1765— 18 15) American inventor, 1807, Fulton built a steamboat.
13, Ben Ci (1844- 1929), a German engineer, 1868, made the world's first three-wheeled internal combustion engine car.
14 and Volta (1745- 1829) are Italian physicists. 1800, he made a voltaic pile, and soon invented a voltaic cell, which made people get a stable and continuous current for the first time.
15, Otto (1832- 189 1), a German engineer, 1876, made the first four-stroke cycle gas internal combustion engine, which made it possible for automobiles and later airplanes to come out.
16, Daimler (1834- 1900), German mechanical engineer, 1883, the first gasoline engine, 1886, the world's first four-wheel internal combustion engine car.
17, Parsons (1854- 193 1) British inventor. 1884 manufactured the first multi-stage reactive steam turbine. Diesel oil (1858- 19 18)
18, Bessel (1813-1898), a British engineer, 1856 invented converter steelmaking.
19, American inventor Morse (1791-1872) invented the telegraph in 1837, and sent the first telegraph in the world on May 24th, 1944.
20. The Italian engineer Marconi (1874-1937) invented the wireless telegraph in 1895 and 1899 on March 28th.
2 1, Nobel (1833- 1896), Swedish inventor, 1867 invented the safety explosive.
Newton:
Sir isaac newton (1643 65438+1October 4th-1727 March 3rd1), chairman of the Royal Society, a famous British physicist, is an encyclopedic "all-rounder" and author of Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and Optics.
He described gravity and three laws of motion in the paper "Laws of Nature" published by 1687. These descriptions laid the scientific view of the physical world in the next three centuries and became the basis of modern engineering. By demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's law of planetary motion and his theory of gravity, he showed that the movements of ground objects and celestial bodies all follow the same natural law; It provides strong theoretical support for the sun-centered theory and promotes the scientific revolution.
Reference link Baidu Encyclopedia? newton