This part comes from the technical scheme in the specification, and the scope of patent protection should be clearly and briefly defined based on the specification. A patent right must have an independent claim and may have subordinate claims. Dependent claims are further definitions of independent claims.
How to write exclusive rights? Exclusive right is the sum of all necessary technical features to solve technical problems. The so-called necessary technical features are necessary and indispensable. There is a criterion to judge whether it contains all the necessary technical features: if any technical feature in the exclusive right is removed, whether the scheme can still solve the technical problem. If it can be solved, then this deleted technical feature is not a necessary technical feature and does not need to exist in the exclusive right. If it cannot be solved, then this technical feature is a necessary technical feature.
In the exclusive right, every unnecessary word written is a deduction for the patent. If there are unnecessary technical features, the scope of patent protection will be smaller and the value of patent will be discounted. Therefore, exclusive writing is a great test of a writer's technical ability. Without a thorough understanding of the whole technical scheme, high-quality exclusive rights will not be written.
Sometimes, in order to protect the invention more widely, the way of writing multiple exclusive rights is adopted. Common ones are "a XX method and equipment", "a XX and XX-made equipment" and so on. No matter the method exclusive right or the product exclusive right, it must conform to the oneness before it can appear in an application. As for how to write subordination, the author thinks that as long as exclusivity is well written, subordination is nothing more than decoration to avoid exclusive loneliness. (Note: There are also defects in the exclusive right, but the defects are made up by modifying the right. This method is usually adopted only when the scheme itself is not innovative enough. At other times, the quality of exclusive rights directly determines the patent value. )