Inclusive policies
1. Establish an enterprise R&D reserve system and use the financial subsidy mechanism to encourage and guide enterprises to universally establish an R&D reserve system.
Inclusive financial subsidies will be provided to enterprises that have established a R&D reserve system to guide enterprises to increase R&D investment in a planned and sustained manner.
2. Launch innovation voucher subsidy policy pilots. Encourage localities to carry out innovation voucher subsidy policy pilots based on actual conditions, and guide small, medium and micro enterprises to strengthen cooperation with universities, scientific research institutions, technology intermediary service agencies and large scientific instrument facilities** * Enjoy the docking of service platforms.
3. Trial the forward agreement government purchase system for innovative products and services. The provincial finance and science and technology departments entrust third-party agencies to release forward purchase requirements to the society, identify innovative product and service providers through government purchase, and When innovative products and services meet the requirements stipulated in the contract, the purchasing unit shall purchase them according to the scale and price stipulated in the contract.
Guiding policies
1. Establish a risk compensation system for technology business incubators. Provinces and municipalities will establish risk compensation funds for technology business incubators. For failed angel investment projects, provinces and cities will provide The finance will provide compensation based on a certain proportion of the loss.
For bad debt projects arising from the first loans of incubated enterprises, the provincial and municipal finances will share the principal losses in a certain proportion.
2. Establish a financial subsidy system for science and technology business incubators. For science and technology business incubators that are newly built or renovated or expanded with an additional incubation area, if their operating institutions receive financial subsidy funds from the local level or above, the provincial finance will not be charged a higher rate. The subsidy will be given in half of each city's subsidy ratio.
3. Improve the land use policy for the construction of science and technology business incubators. Municipalities at or above the local level can arrange a certain proportion of the city's planned land for the construction of science and technology business incubators every year based on their actual development needs and in compliance with the overall land use plan. land use.
4. Policies to support the development of new R&D institutions. New R&D institutions can enjoy the treatment of state-owned scientific research institutions in terms of government project undertaking, professional title review, talent introduction, construction land, investment and financing, etc.
Relaxing policies
1. Grant universities and scientific research institutions the right to independently dispose of scientific and technological achievements, except when it involves national security, national interests and major social public interests. Scientific research institutions can independently decide on the implementation, transfer, foreign investment and implementation licensing of scientific and technological achievements and other matters related to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
2. Improve the incentive mechanism for the income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities and scientific research institutions. All income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of colleges and universities and scientific research institutions shall be reserved for independent distribution by the unit, included in the unit budget, and implemented unified management and disposal. Revenues are not turned over to the state treasury.
The expenditure part used for personnel incentives shall be implemented in accordance with relevant national and provincial regulations and will not be included in performance salary management for the time being.
3. Improve the individual reward agreement policy for the conversion of scientific and technological achievements by colleges and universities and scientific research institutions. Institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions will grant individual rewards in the form of equity shares or capital contribution ratios for the conversion of scientific and technological achievements, and equity confirmation can be carried out.
4. Improve the professional title review policy for scientific and technological personnel. When scientific and technological personnel participate in professional title review and job assessment, the transformation and application of invention patents should be treated equally with the paper indicator requirements, and the technology transfer turnover should be treated equally with the vertical project indicator requirements.
5. Improve the housing security policy for high-level talents. The settlement of high-level talents can be solved through monetary subsidies or physical rental.
Support governments at all levels to uniformly build talent turnover apartments or purchase commercial housing to rent out to high-level talents who do not have local housing in areas where imported talents are relatively concentrated.
Extended information:
Innovative thinking
For scientific and technological innovation, the way of thinking is very important. Scientific and technological innovation thinking requires rigor and foresight, and also relies on some scientific thinking models. Mastering some effective innovative thinking models can enable us to identify the direction of research, try to find solutions when facing scientific research problems, maximize our own advantages, exploit strengths and avoid weaknesses, and achieve excellent results in scientific research. The thinking mode of scientific and technological innovation includes analogy, association, leapfrog and other thinking modes.
Analogical thinking is thinking through comparison, often by comparing unfamiliar things with more familiar things to obtain ideas for solving problems. It should be noted that analogy, as a method of reasoning, provides only possibility, not necessity. Inferences drawn through analogy must be verified in practice before they can be recognized.
Nevertheless, the "possibility" provided by analogical thinking expands ideas for solving problems and is still precious. Analogical thinking is a commonly used thinking mode in scientific research. For example, both sound and light propagate in straight lines, and both have reflection, refraction, and interference phenomena. However, sound is in a wave state. From this, it can be inferred that light is also in a wave state.
Associative thinking is a thinking activity in which certain connections between the representations of different things trigger people's imagination and then generate. Associative thinking plays an important role in technological innovation. For example, the research and development ideas from chameleon to camouflage clothing. Researchers took inspiration from the chameleon's ability to change body color to adapt to changes in environmental color, and developed camouflage clothing for the military. This is a successful example of associative thinking.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Several Policy Opinions on Accelerating Scientific and Technological Innovation