Herbicides for controlling wheatgrass:
1. Propargyl, a common single dose content is 15% microemulsion, the dosage per mu is 25-35 ml; 8% Water emulsion, 40-70 ml per mu; compound agent includes 8% ethanol and clodinafop-propyl (2% clodinafop-propyl + 6% ethidium-propargyl) emulsifiable concentrate, 100-120 ml per mu; 18% Tributarin·propargyl (12% clodinafop + 6% trifensulfuron) dispersible oil suspension, 20-30 ml per mu, etc.
2. Methyldisulfuron-methyl is usually a dispersible oil suspension agent of 30 g/L, and the dosage per mu is 20-35 ml.
3. For carboxazole-propyl, the most common ones are 69 g/L water emulsion, the dosage per mu is 50-60 ml; 10% EC, the dosage per mu is 50-60 ml;
There are also pinoxaden and triethosulfuron produced by a small number of manufacturers, which can also be used to control tip weeds in wheat fields.
Herbicides for controlling broadleaf broadleaf weeds in wheat:
1. Difensufen, the common single dose content is generally 50 g/L of suspension agent, mu The dosage is 5-6 ml; the compounded agent is 3% difluorochloride (1% difluorosulfen + 2% pyraflufen) suspoemulsion, the dosage per mu is 30-50 ml; 15% difluorochloride Pyridine (14.5% isooctyl fluopyron acetate + 0.5% flusulam) suspension, dosage per mu is 50-60 ml.
2. Cyclofenac, common single dose content is 10% wettable powder, dosage per mu is 16-20 grams; 40% water dispersible granules, dosage per mu is 4-5 grams, compound formulation The agent includes 70.5% 2-methacil-ethyl chloride (66.5% 2-methyl-4-chloride sodium + 4% 2-methylmethazofen), and the dosage per mu is 40-45 grams.
3. Sodium 2-methyl-4-chloride is commonly used as a soluble powder containing mainly 56%, and the dosage per mu is 100-150 grams.
4. Bensulfuron-methyl, the commonly used content is 75% water-dispersible granules, the dosage per mu is 1.2-2.0 grams; the 10% wettable powder, the dosage per mu is 9-15 grams.
5. Fluroxypyr, commonly used content is mainly 200 g/L of EC, and the dosage per mu is 50-70 ml;
6. Bensulfuron-methyl, commonly used The content is mainly 10% wettable powder, and the dosage per mu is 30-40 grams.
7. 2,4 drops of butyl ester, the commonly used content is mainly 57% EC, and the dosage per mu is 50-75 grams.
8. Sodium 2-methyl-4-chloride, the commonly used content is mainly 56% soluble powder, and the dosage per mu is 90-150 grams.
The above herbicide formulas are relatively common. During use, they are often mixed and used. Some can be purchased and mixed at home. Some have been mixed and farmers can use them directly after buying them. As a reminder, if you purchase a single dose and you don’t know the dosage of the compound, you should consult the salesperson before using it. Do not mix it yourself.
2. Application time
During the entire growth period of wheat, there are two time periods when herbicides can be used, one is before the year, and the other is after the year, and the year before is during the year. When wheat has 3-5 leaves in the seedling stage, it is when the wheat turns green later in the year.
1. In most wheat planting areas, sowing will be completed in early to mid-October. Under normal circumstances, weeds will begin to appear in the field 15-20 days after sowing (if the local area is dry, or (It is other extreme factors, which will occur later). By about a month, the weeds in the field have basically emerged, probably between mid-to-late November or early December.
This is the best time to spray herbicides on wheat. Weeds have just emerged, are relatively small, and are not so resistant. After absorbing the herbicide liquid, the weeds are effectively killed and are not easy to kill. Phytotoxicity occurs.
2. The wheat turning period is usually in March of the next year. After a winter "baptism", the temperature begins to rise slowly, the wheat begins to turn green and grow, and the weeds also "wake up" during this period. " stage, the resistance of the wheat itself is not that great yet. Spraying herbicides at this time can have a good effect. Here is a knowledge point. After the wheat is jointed, do not spray herbicides anymore. It is easy to cause herbicides. Harmful.
Regarding the above two spraying periods, some friends may have this question: Which is better, spraying herbicides before the year or after the year?
It is better to spray herbicides before the new year, because after the new year, the weeds will be relatively larger, and the dosage of herbicides should be increased appropriately. If used at the normal dosage, the effect may not be good. , if the dosage is too large, it will increase the chance of phytotoxicity. In addition, some herbicides have a long residual period, and their use after a year may cause phytotoxicity to subsequent crops, such as bensulfuron-methyl. Taken together, It is better to spray herbicides beforehand.
3. Application technology
1. Herbicide dosage
There is a big difference in the dosage of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and foliar fertilizers. If the dosage of herbicide is too small, the effect of killing weeds will be poor and the purpose of weeding will not be achieved. If the dosage of herbicide is too large, the effect of killing weeds will be good, but the wheat will also suffer from phytotoxicity and dead seedlings.
For example, the formula of the herbicide difluoresulfen + pendimethrin for controlling wheat broadleaf weeds has a total content of 3% (1% difensufen + 2% pendiflufen ), some manufacturers produce a 50ml bottle of suspension agent. Under normal circumstances, one bottle of herbicide can be used to treat one acre of land. If an operation error is made and one bottle of herbicide is used to treat 2 acres of land, the weeding effect will definitely be greatly reduced. , if 2 bottles are used per acre of land, the wheat is likely to suffer phytotoxicity, the leaves will turn yellow and dry, and serious direct death
2. Water consumption
Spray wheat herbicides When we were using the herbicide, we always emphasized the need to mix it evenly and thoroughly, so the amount of water is very important. Let’s take the above 3% difluorosulfen + mesotrione as an example. A bottle of 50ml herbicide requires 15-20kg of water for one acre of land. , spray evenly. If the water consumption is small, only 15-20 kilograms are used, uneven spraying will occur. It is slow at the beginning, and the concentration of the herbicide is too high. Halfway through, I find that the herbicide is almost finished, and only It can speed up the process, resulting in too little herbicide solution in the subsequent plots, causing damage but not killing the weeds.
Here is a knowledge point. If a bottle of medicine is mixed with water about 30kg per acre of land, but all 30kg of the medicine is sprayed into one acre of land, this is okay and will also improve weeding. Effect.
3. Temperature
Different herbicide ingredients have certain differences in sensitivity to temperature, especially at low temperatures. When spraying herbicides on wheat, some The temperature changes in the area are large, which poses certain difficulties.
For example, herbicides containing bensulfuron methyl must be used above 5 degrees Celsius, and herbicides containing 2,4-D butyl ester must be used above 10 degrees Celsius. Below this temperature, the leaves will turn yellow after spraying herbicides. In severe cases, deformed ears will appear later, affecting yield and quality.
The efficacy and role of wheat
Wheat is the main food for 1/3 of the world's population. Flour is obtained by grinding wheat grains to remove the bran. According to the processing accuracy, flour can be divided into standard flour, rich and strong flour and refined white flour. Their nutrient content varies. The processing precision of standard powder is lower, and more germs and outer membranes are retained, which store most of the nutrients, so the nutritional value is higher. In areas where pasta is the staple food, standard flour should be used. The processing accuracy of refined white powder is the highest, the germ and outer membrane are least retained, the loss of vitamins and minerals is the largest, and the nutritional value is not as good as standard powder. However, refined white powder contains less fat and is easy to store. It also contains less phytic acid and cellulose, so its digestion and absorption rate is higher than that of standard powder.
The content of lysine in the protein composition of flour is relatively low, and its biological value is 67, which is lower than that of rice. If it can be mixed with soybeans or animal foods during consumption, its biological value can be significantly increased. Wheat germ can be obtained by using reasonable technology to prepare flour. Wheat germ is the most concentrated part of the wheat grain with protein content of up to 30%, fat content of 13.9%, vitamin and mineral content about 10 times that of flour, and is rich in vitamin E and thiamine. Vitamins, riboflavin, calcium, magnesium, zinc and polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc. Wheat germ has the effects of increasing cell vitality, improving human brain cell function, enhancing memory, anti-aging and preventing cardiovascular diseases. Wheat bran is rich in crude fiber, vitamins and minerals.
The deflated wheat grains floating on the water are called floating wheat. They are immature caryopses. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that they are sweet and salty in taste and cool in nature, and can cure spontaneous sweating, night sweats, fatigue and hot flashes. Wheat flour is one of the staple foods of Eastern people. After wheat is ground, it becomes flour and wheat hulls.
As the nutritional value of wheat bran, malt and wheat oil is gradually being recognized by people, the anti-cancer and anti-hemagglutination effects of its rich fiber and vitamin E have been known to many people. Therefore, wheat bran, malt and wheat oil are known to many people. and wheat oil will also become important foods for people.