1, extraction method
The extraction method mainly uses the principle of "similar miscibility", selects a suitable extractant to fully mix with the oil sludge, produces interphase mass transfer, extracts petroleum substances from the oil sludge, and realizes the separation of oil, water and sludge.
2. Landfill method
Landfill is a simple method to treat oily sludge, but considering the requirements of environmental protection, oily sludge is generally not directly landfilled, but solidified landfill or as a follow-up treatment method of other disposal technologies.
3. Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis refers to the method of heating oily sludge under oxygen-free micro-positive pressure to precipitate oil and organic matter, and separating oily sludge into pyrolysis residue, pyrolysis liquid and pyrolysis gas to achieve the purpose of resource utilization.
4, biological treatment method
Bio-treatment technology is a method to use microorganisms to degrade oil and organic matter in oily sludge, transform their harmful components into harmless components such as CO2 and H2O, and increase the content of humus in soil. There are four biological treatment technologies: field cultivation, composting, biological sludge and biological enhancement.
5, thermochemical cleaning method
Thermochemical cleaning method has been tried to clean oil sludge and recover petroleum substances, and this method has also been used in oil sand separation process. Adding oil sludge into hot water, adding some chemical additives, such as surfactants, can destroy the rigid interface film by changing the interfacial tension of the solution and the wettability of the deposit surface, reduce the adhesion between oil and the deposit, and make the oil desorb from the deposit surface, and then aggregate and separate.
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