Prevention
■How to prevent highly pathogenic avian influenza
Comprehensive preventive measures must be taken to prevent avian influenza. Breeding farms should be far away from residential areas, markets, traffic thoroughfares, other animal production sites and related facilities; do not introduce breeding eggs and breeding poultry from epidemic areas; Passing vehicles and the surrounding environment, incubation halls, incubators, chicken coops, staff's clothes, hats and shoes will be strictly disinfected; A new feeding model should be adopted to prevent contact between birds
and poultry; special passages should be set up in the farm for staff to enter and exit, and staff and their regular protective items should be provided Carry out reliable cleaning and disinfection; all outsiders are strictly prohibited from entering or visiting the animal breeding area. In areas threatened by highly pathogenic avian influenza, vaccination should be carried out under the guidance of the local veterinary health management department, and serum testing should be carried out regularly to ensure the effectiveness of the vaccine. The effect of immune prevention
is indeed reliable.
■There is a vaccine to prevent highly pathogenic avian influenza
my country has successfully developed a vaccine to prevent H5N1
highly pathogenic avian influenza. Farms in epidemic-free areas should be vaccinated in a timely manner to prevent the occurrence of avian influenza.
■It is necessary to strengthen the feeding and management of poultry
Strengthening the feeding and management is a prerequisite for preventing all animal infectious diseases, which can only be ensured under good feeding and management
Poultry are in optimal growth condition and have good disease resistance. From the perspective of bird flu prevention, feeding management and disease prevention must be considered as a whole, and strict management measures should be adopted, such as isolation of breeding farms, Disinfect the environment, control the flow of people and items, etc. to prevent the poultry flocks from being harmed by other diseases.
■How to prevent hatcheries and brooding rooms
First of all, the hatchery should be well designed. It should be one-way traffic starting from entering the egg room,
egg loading, incubation, hatching, waiting room and 1-day-old chick shipping room to the transport vehicle
Transportation area route. Each incubator must facilitate thorough cleaning and
disinfection, and ventilation systems should prevent the recirculation of contaminated air and dust.
Second, collect and disinfect eggs in a timely manner. After the breeder hens lay eggs, they should be collected regularly, and the pollutants on the surface should be removed in time, and eggs with serious contamination and cracks should be eliminated.
Third, clean and disinfect the incubator, hatching egg tray, eggs and hatcher
before incubation.
Fourth, vehicles and equipment transporting chicks must be thoroughly disinfected to prevent cross-infection
Fifth, under the guidance of the local veterinary health management department, breeder chickens should be immunized
and chicks should also be immunized with vaccines.
, carry out strict disinfection of passing vehicles and the environment around the site,
incubation halls, incubators, chicken coop cages, staff's clothes, hats and shoes, etc.
The purified water source adopts an all-in, all-out feeding model to prevent birds from contacting
poultry. The chickens should be vaccinated and tested for antibodies in a timely manner to prevent the occurrence of avian influenza.
■What to pay attention to when raising animals at home
You should pay attention to the cleanliness of the poultry house, disinfect the poultry house regularly, and consciously accept the monitoring of the animal epidemic prevention supervision agency
. In areas where bird flu is a threat, chickens and ducks should be injected with effective vaccines. Once a suspected highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemic is discovered, it should be immediately reported to the local animal epidemic prevention supervision agency, and measures should be taken to block and isolate the epidemic site to prevent the spread of the epidemic.
■Poultry should not be mixed with pigs
Poultry should not be mixed with pigs, because poultry influenza virus can be infected
to pigs, and Human influenza viruses can also be transmitted to pigs.
Since the influenza virus has 8 different nucleic acid fragments, when these two different virus particles infect a cell at the same time, their nucleic acid fragments will be recombined. The possibility of producing new influenza virus particles due to their arrangement. If this new influenza virus particle causes infection to humans, it will cause serious public health problems.
In addition, chickens should not be mixed with ducks, geese and other waterfowl, because the carrying rate of various
subtypes of influenza viruses in waterfowl is very high, and some do not show any clinical manifestations. symptoms,
resulting in serious economic losses.
■Good feeding and management conditions are key
Feeding methods are closely related to the occurrence and control of avian influenza. Good feeding and management conditions are key to preventing avian influenza. key.
Avoid mixing chickens and waterfowl, because waterfowl are important reservoirs of avian influenza viruses
They can carry the virus without necessarily getting sick, but they can pass it through their feces
p>
Excrete viruses and pollute water sources or the environment. These viruses may infect chickens and other poultry raised at the same time and cause disease.
Grazing or free-range poultry are more likely to be infected with avian influenza because they come into contact with other poultry, migratory birds or
the environment, feed and drinking water contaminated by these wild animals
< The probability of p> is greatly increased.Intensively raised poultry are infected with avian influenza due to better environmental isolation conditions, strict personnel and logistics
control, and good veterinary health and epidemic prevention measures
< p>The chances are small, and control measures can be taken quickly once it occurs.Disinfection
■How to disinfect epidemic areas
Influenza viruses can be excreted in the feces and nasal secretions of infected birds
Contamination Poultry houses, cages, litter, etc. Mobile viruses are sensitive to disinfectants and heat.
When disinfecting a contaminated poultry house, it must first be washed with a detergent to remove dirt,
then disinfected with sodium hypochlorite solution, and finally with formalin and high manganese Potassium acid fumigation and disinfection. Iron cages can also be sterilized by flame. Since feces contains a high level of viruses,
therefore, special care should be taken when handling it. Feces and litter should be processed through burial and biological
fermentation methods. Tools used to handle feces and litter should be soaked and disinfected with
fire-alkali water or other disinfectants. .
■Which disinfectants can effectively kill the virus?
The avian influenza virus has poor survival ability in the external environment. As long as the disinfection measures are appropriate
, poultry production can be Commonly used disinfectants in practice, such as aldehydes, chlorine-containing disinfectants, phenols, oxidants, alkalis, etc., can kill viruses in the environment. The following disinfectants are more effective for the environment of the premises:
(1) Aldehyde disinfectants include formaldehyde, polyformaldehyde, etc., among which formaldehyde fumigation is the most effective.
< p>Disinfection is the most commonly used. Sealed pens can be fumigated and disinfected by adding 14 to 42 ml of formalin at a rate of 7 to 21 grams of potassium permanganate per cubic meter. When fumigating and disinfecting,the room temperature should generally not be lower than 15 degrees Celsius, and the relative humidity should be 60 80.
Potassium permanganate can be added to the container first and then formaldehyde can be added. Lin solution and airtight doors
can achieve the purpose of disinfection for more than 7 hours, and then open the doors and windows for ventilation and eliminate
residual odors.
(2) The disinfection effect of chlorine-containing disinfectants depends on the content of available chlorine. The higher the content
, the stronger the disinfection ability, including inorganic chlorine-containing disinfectants and organic chlorine-containing disinfectants. agent.
You can spray 5% bleach solution on animal pens, cages, feeding troughs and vehicles
for disinfection. Hypochlorous acid kills viruses quickly and has no residue or odor, so it is commonly used in the disinfection of equipment and work surfaces in food factories and meat processing plants.
(3) Alkali preparations mainly include sodium hydroxide, etc. Most of the sodium hydroxide preparations used for disinfection are crude alkali solutions containing 94 sodium hydroxide. Frequently add
heat to prepare an aqueous solution of 1 2, which is used to disinfect chicken house floors, walls, sports grounds and pollutants contaminated by viruses. It is also used in slaughterhouses, Disinfection of surfaces in food factories and other places, as well as transportation vehicles and ships. Spray for 6 to 12 hours and then rinse with clean water
.
Bird Flu Prevention Manual