Manual digging pile management? The following Zhongda Consulting brings a safety management plan for the management of manually dug piles. The relevant content is for reference.
1. Digging holes is suitable for dense soil layers or weathered rock layers with no or small amounts of groundwater.
2. Level the site before digging holes and remove floating soil on the slope; if there are signs of cracks or collapse on the slope, necessary protection should be provided, the soft soil layer should be eradicated and compacted, and the exact location of the pile hole should be determined; Set up guard piles and check them regularly; dig drainage ditches around the hole opening and build a drainage system; remove surface water in a timely manner; lay out the blasting road; properly stack materials and machinery so that they do not increase the pressure on the hole wall and do not affect the construction. . The well hole should be surrounded by wood, and its height should be 20 to 30cm above the ground to prevent soil and debris from rolling into the hole and injuring people.
3. Construction points
①Construction sequence for digging holes: level the site → lay out the pile position → dig the first section of pile hole earthwork → support and pour the first section of concrete to protect the wall . Secondly measure the elevation and pile position cross axis on the retaining wall → Install vertical transportation, ventilation, lighting equipment, etc. → Excavate the second pile body → Clean the hole wall, check the pile hole diameter and verticality → Remove the upper section formwork , support the second section of formwork, and pour the second section of concrete to protect the wall → repeat the process of excavation, formwork, and concrete pouring in the second section, and cycle the operation to the design depth.
② In order to prevent hole collapse and ensure operational safety, the pile hole retaining wall is made of C25 concrete retaining wall, making it a part of the pile body. The protective wall adopts the form of external teeth. The upper protective wall is 8cm thick and the lower protective wall is 15cm thick. (See the picture below) When digging the hole, the hole wall should be slightly uneven to enhance the friction of the pile body.
③ The wall protection formwork is assembled from one section of combined steel formwork or wooden formwork. The upper section is disassembled to support the lower section and recycled. A cross-shaped support is set up inside the formwork, and the concrete is poured manually using a bucket to transport it. A 10cm high pouring opening is left on the upper part. After the formwork is removed, it is filled with concrete. The formwork is removed after the concrete strength reaches 1mp.
④ Holes are dug manually from top to bottom layer by layer using picks, shovels, and Luoyang shovels. The order of digging is to dig the middle part first and then the middle part. The allowable size error is 3cm. The spoil is loaded In the hanging basket or basket, install the bracket at the wellhead and lift it with a 1-2 ton slow-speed winch, lift it to the ground and then transport it out with a trolley.
⑤ For pile centerline control, set a cross control point on the first section of the concrete retaining wall. Use a large line hammer to lift the center of each section and use a ruler to find the circumference.
4. During the digging process, a rubber tube or a bamboo basket is used to load the soil. Two people use a hand-operated pulley to lift the soil and carry out vertical transportation of the excavated soil. The transported soil is discarded to prevent it from falling during construction. into the air and cause injury.
5. During the construction process, underground construction workers must wear safety helmets when working. When the underground personnel are working, the above-ground cooperating personnel cannot withdraw from their duties, and reliable communication links should be established up and down the well.
6. Check the firmness of the soil lifting wire rope at any time to ensure that the equipment is in optimal working condition at all times.
7. After the construction is completed every day, a manhole cover should be placed at the hole to prevent non-construction personnel from falling into the hole.
8. When the digging depth exceeds 15m, use a ventilator to supply air to the bottom of the hole to ensure the safety of workers.
9. According to the on-site geological report, a small amount or a large amount of water may seep into the hole. A deeper water collection well should be dug in the hole and a small submersible pump should be installed to drain it out of the hole.
10. For wells that are being drilled, the well walls, concrete supports, and pores in the wells should be inspected every day before going to work. If any abnormalities are found, safety measures should be taken before continuing. construction.
11. The continuous working time of underground workers should not exceed 4 hours, and underground workers should be rotated frequently.
12. Wellbore protection: During rainy season construction, a brick wellhead protection ring should be installed 150mm above the ground to prevent ground water from flowing in. For the uppermost section of the concrete retaining wall, the concrete should be 400mm wide at the wellhead and have the same thickness as the retaining wall to protect the wellhead.
13. Lighting and ventilation requirements: 12V low voltage, 100W waterproof covered bulbs shall be used in the wells, and shall be led down with waterproof cables. 24V low-voltage lighting is used on the well site, and leakage protection devices should be installed on all on-site electricity.
When digging a well below 4m, it is necessary to use a combustible gas meter to check whether there is biogas on the working surface in the hole. If biogas is found, it should be properly handled before operation. Before going down the well, the gas in the well should be sampled and checked. If the toxic gas content exceeds the allowable value, the poisonous gas should be removed and no more poisonous areas will be generated before going down the well. Before going to work, use a ventilator to supply air to the bottom of the hole, and send oxygen if necessary, and then go down to work.
14. The person in charge of the digging pile project site must be proficient in the construction methods, regulations, operating procedures, and safety production technical knowledge of manual digging, and guide and supervise workers to carry out safe production.
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