I. Review of the Tenth Five-Year Plan-The industry has developed well and can basically meet the domestic market demand.
During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, China's electronic materials and components industry developed well, the industrial scale was further expanded, the product structure was improved, and new progress was made in technological innovation. Middle and low-grade products can basically meet the domestic market demand.
It is worth mentioning that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the new display device industry made a breakthrough, and two domestic fifth-generation TFT-LCD production lines both achieved mass production and possessed a certain number of core patents. China's optical fiber preform technology with independent intellectual property rights has been successfully developed and industrialized; Domestic capacitor enterprises break through the bottleneck of metal electrodes, greatly reduce the cost of MLCC and improve the competitiveness of products; The solar cell industry has developed rapidly, and the production scale of solar panels has ranked fourth in the world.
At the same time, we should also see that there are still some problems to be solved urgently in China's electronic materials and components industry: first, structural contradictions are still outstanding, with a surplus of low-end products and high-end products mainly relying on imports; Second, lack of core technology, low product profit; Third, the scale of the enterprise is small and the investment in technology development is insufficient.
Second, the situation in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan-technology should be improved, the market should be expanded and the industrial environment should be improved.
The Eleventh Five-Year Special Plan for Electronic Basic Materials and Key Components (hereinafter referred to as the "Special Plan") comprehensively and objectively analyzes the situation faced by the development of China's electronic materials and components industry in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan from three aspects: technical development trend, market demand analysis and industrial development environment.
(A) the development trend of technology-miniaturization, chip, high performance, integration, intelligence and environmental protection.
In the next few years, new components will continue to develop in the direction of miniaturization, chip, high performance, integration, intelligence, environmental protection and energy saving. Flat panel display devices will develop in the direction of large area and high integration, replacing traditional CRT technology and becoming the mainstream of the market. TFT-LCD and PDP have become mainstream flat panel display devices. The cost of new generation display products such as organic light-emitting diodes, micro-display rear projection and FED has been greatly reduced, and the yield has been continuously improved. There are still variables in the future market structure. CRT products are developing in the direction of high resolution and short neck. The traditional CRT industry is facing great overall transformation pressure. Electronic materials are developing in the direction of high performance, green and composite. With the continuous integration of electronic technology with metallurgy, nonferrous metals, chemical engineering and other technologies, high-precision and high-reliability equipment, instruments and new technologies will become an important factor affecting the development of electronic materials technology, and green and harmless materials and production technologies will be widely used.
China has a good industrial and technical foundation in the fields of capacitors, printed circuit boards, batteries and other new components. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, opportunities for industrial development outweigh challenges. At present, display devices are in a critical period of technological change. China is not well prepared for the industry and technology of TFT-LCD and PDP, and its future development is facing severe challenges. Organic light-emitting diodes, LCOS, FED and other new generation display technologies are active in innovation, and there is still a breakthrough opportunity to achieve independent innovation.
(B) Market demand analysis-entering a new round of rapid growth period
With the gradual commercialization of the next generation Internet, new generation mobile communication and digital TV, the market of electronic materials and components has entered a new round of rapid growth in the 11th Five-Year Plan. It is predicted that the global market will continue to maintain an average annual growth rate of about 10%, and the market scale will increase from $540 billion in 2005 to $900 billion in 20 10. The growth of global market will provide more space for the export of electronic materials and components in China. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the general trend of the global electronic information product manufacturing industry transferring to China will not change, and the domestic industrial scale will be further expanded, thus boosting the demand for electronic materials and components in the domestic market to grow steadily. It is estimated that the market scale will increase from1.10.5 trillion yuan in 2005 to 3 1 trillion yuan in 20 1 year. Among them, the demand for flat panel display devices, solar cells and semiconductor lighting (LED) products is particularly strong and should be highly concerned. The substantial increase of domestic demand will strongly promote the development of electronic materials and components industry in China.
After the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" development, new flat panel display devices have occupied a dominant position in the small-size display market represented by mobile phone screens. The medium-sized display screen market represented by monitors and notebook computers is dominant; At present, flat panel display devices are entering the large-scale application field represented by TV on a large scale, and the market share has approached 30%. It is predicted that during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, flat panel TV will further replace the dominant position of traditional CRT TV, and this major change will surely drive the new display device industry into the fast lane of development.
In recent years, developed countries have attached great importance to the solar cell industry and issued a series of policies and measures to promote industrial development and product application, which has stimulated the rapid growth of the world solar cell market. In 2005, the battery market in global solar reached 65,438+460 MW. Due to the high cost of power generation, it is difficult for solar cells to enter the commercialization stage of large-scale popularization and application. In the next few years, with the continuous breakthrough of product technology, especially polysilicon production technology, the cost of solar cells will gradually decrease and the market will continue to grow. By 20 10, the battery market in global solar will reach 3500-4000 MW. China is rich in solar energy resources and has great market demand potential, but it lacks systematic policies to promote industrial development and encourage large-scale application. At the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the national total installed capacity was only 75MW, and the market has not really started.
The application of LED products in indication, signal and other fields is becoming more and more mature, occupying a dominant position in the backlight market of mobile phones, and its application in the backlight field of notebook display screens has started. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, with the continuous development of technology, the application of LED in the field of large-screen display will be further expanded, and it is possible to achieve a breakthrough in the field of general lighting, pushing the world LED market into an explosive growth stage.
(C) the environment faced by industrial development-opportunities and challenges coexist
Electronic materials and components industry is an important link to reflect independent innovation ability and realize industrial strength. With the implementation of the strategy of building an innovative country and an electronic power, the domestic macro-environment will be more conducive to industrial development. In the next few years, with the gradual advancement of the next generation Internet, new generation mobile communication and digital TV, the upgrading of the whole electronic machine industry will bring huge market opportunities for the development of electronic materials and components industry. After several years of development after China's entry into WTO, China's electronic materials and components enterprises have gradually adapted to the requirements of WTO, mastered and been able to use international rules, and participated in international competition more widely.
However, in the core links of the industrial chain, such as high-end components and key electronic materials, domestic industries are still weak, and the situation that key technologies are controlled by people is still difficult to change in the short term. At present, the threshold for the development and industrialization of new technologies and products is getting higher and higher, and the investment risk is getting bigger and bigger. Flat panel display devices are increasingly showing the same capital and technology-intensive industrial characteristics as integrated circuit industry. A six-generation LCD panel production line invested 2 billion US dollars, and a seven-generation LCD panel production line invested more than 3 billion US dollars. In these fields, the domestic industry is still in its infancy, and the domestic capital market environment is difficult to adapt to the rapidly changing financing needs of the information industry. These have become the key factors that restrict the sustained and healthy development of China's information industry, and need the joint efforts of the state and enterprises.
Third, the development ideas and objectives of the 11th Five-Year Plan-innovation and new breakthroughs in key areas.
(A) development ideas-adhere to the combination of tracking and breakthrough, the combination of introduction and innovation, do something different, concentrate on breakthrough.
According to the development of domestic industries during the Tenth Five-Year Plan and the opportunities and challenges faced in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the Special Plan puts forward the development ideas of China's electronic materials and components industry from the strategic height of "building an electronic power". Different from the previous planning, the special planning emphasizes "innovation" and clearly puts forward the idea of "combining tracking with breakthrough, combining introduction with innovation, doing something different and making key breakthroughs" in R&D and industrialization. China's electronic materials and components industry system is relatively perfect, and it has certain traditional advantages in some fields. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, in accordance with the strategic deployment of the electronic information industry to achieve innovation and benefit transformation, we will concentrate our superior forces to make new breakthroughs in key areas.
Considering the "scattered, chaotic and small" characteristics of China's electronic materials and components industry, there are some major problems, such as the lack of key enterprises, the surplus of low-end products, the shortage of high-end products, and the lack of key technologies. The "Special Plan" puts forward that during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, we should introduce digestion, absorption and re-innovation according to our own characteristics, enhance the ability of integrated innovation, encourage original innovation, intensify technological transformation, further upgrade the industrial level, and continuously meet the needs of national economic development.
Considering the increasing demand for environmental protection and energy-saving electronic products in domestic and international markets, relevant restrictive laws and regulations at home and abroad have been promulgated one after another. The "Special Plan" highlights "greening" in thinking, and proposes to strengthen the research and development of new harmless components and environmentally friendly electronic materials.
Considering the important trend that new display devices will gradually replace the traditional CRT industry, the special plan highlights the idea of accelerating the development of new display devices and the strategic transformation of color tube industry.
(2) Development goal-making breakthroughs in new components, new display devices and electronic materials.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of various factors, the Special Plan puts forward the overall development goal of China's electronic materials and components industry in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, and emphasizes the development goals of three main sub-industries of new components, new display devices and electronic materials in accordance with the principle of "doing something and not doing something". It should be pointed out that the industry statistics and indicators involved in the special plan include electronic components, electronic devices and electronic materials, excluding integrated circuits. In order to keep basically consistent with the industry planning, the sales revenue, industrial added value, total profit, number of enterprises, employees and other data in the special planning are based on the manufacturing data of electronic information industry above designated size published by the Ministry of Information Industry; The import and export data are all based on the statistics of China Customs, which is the basis and basis for the industry development goal and market scale forecast in 20 10.
According to the research on the development law of electronic materials and components industry in the world and the forecast of the development of electronic materials and components industry in China, China's electronic materials and components industry will continue to maintain sustained and rapid growth during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, but the growth rate will be slower than that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period. It is estimated that the average annual growth rate will be around 24%, and the product sales revenue will increase from 855.3 billion yuan in 2005 to 2.5 trillion yuan in 20 10. Among them, new parts and components reached10.8 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of about 20%; New display devices reached 250 billion yuan, an increase of more than 60%.
Four, "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" development focus-to speed up structural adjustment, promote the combination of production and use, and break through key technologies.
(1) Electronic components industry
1. Chip components-increase the share and promote structural adjustment.
Chip resistance-capacitance sensor is the most widely used component product. The miniaturization and chip level of products has become one of the important symbols to measure the technical development level of electronic components. In the next few years, miniaturization will remain one of the most important development trends of electronic components in the world. Chip components in developed countries such as Japan and the United States have developed rapidly. The chip rate of capacitors and resistors has exceeded 90%, and the chip rate of inductors has reached 80%. Traditional lead products in China still account for a large proportion. In recent years, because many developed countries have stopped producing such products, there is still a certain market, which is the basis for the survival of many small and medium-sized enterprises in China. But in the long run, the share of chip components should gradually increase. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, we should vigorously develop chip components, promote the adjustment of industrial structure, and focus on the development of subminiature chip multilayer ceramic capacitors, chip inductors, microwave dielectric devices, high-frequency piezoelectric ceramic devices, quartz crystal devices, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMT/EMP) filters and other products to meet the R&D and production needs of communication and audio-visual products in China.
2. Printed circuit boards-increase investment, research and development, and accelerate industrialization.
Printed circuit board (PCB) is an indispensable basic component of all machine products, and it is the substrate for assembling electronic parts. Overcapacity of printed circuit boards still exists in the world, and it is difficult to change in the short term. China has become the world's largest producer of printed circuit boards, and its output ranks first in the world. However, the products are mainly middle and low grade, and the phenomenon of overcapacity of single board and double board with low technical level is more serious. High-grade products such as multilayer board and flexible board mainly rely on imports. In 2005, China imported 6.57 billion US dollars of printed circuit boards, with a trade deficit as high as/kloc-0.23 billion US dollars, of which the import value of printed circuit boards with more than four layers alone reached more than 2 billion US dollars. At the same time, the printed circuit board is also one of the products with serious pollution.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the industry should increase investment. On the one hand, we should focus on the research and development of high-density interconnected multilayer printed circuit boards (HDI), multilayer flexible boards (FPC) and rigid-flexible printed circuit boards (R-FPC) which are in short supply in China and need to be imported in large quantities to speed up industrialization; It is also necessary to conform to the trend of greening, increase research and development, actively adopt new materials and technologies, popularize and apply environmental protection technologies, and make contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry and even the country.
3. Hybrid integrated circuits-accelerate industrial development and realize industrial start-up as soon as possible.
With the emergence of new materials and new technologies, the connotation and technology of hybrid integrated circuits have changed greatly, and their functions have been continuously enhanced. They have been widely used in digital-to-analog conversion, power control and other fields, with increasing demand and prominent industrial importance. In recent years, the world hybrid integrated circuit market has shown a rapid growth trend, with an average annual growth rate of 10%. In 2005, it exceeded $45 billion, and it is expected that the market will continue to grow rapidly in the next few years. China's hybrid integrated circuit market is growing at a very high speed. The average annual growth rate of the market reached 30% during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, and the domestic market reached 7.85 billion US dollars in 2005. However, in sharp contrast with China, the domestic industrial base is very weak, and the market supply mainly depends on imports. In 2005, the import volume reached US$ 6.68 billion, accounting for 85.9% of the domestic market, and the import and export trade deficit reached US$ 5.87 billion. It is the component product with the largest import volume and the largest trade deficit. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to accelerate the development of the hybrid integrated circuit industry and realize the industrialization as soon as possible.
4. Sensors and sensitive components-expand industrial scale, strengthen market development and improve the technical content of products.
Sensors and sensitive elements are the main means of information collection and one of the basic components of instruments and automation systems. With the continuous advancement of traditional industrial transformation and the improvement of national requirements for energy conservation, emission reduction and ecological environment protection, the application of intelligent instruments and meters is increasingly extensive, and the market for sensors and sensitive components is growing rapidly. In recent years, the manufacturing technology of sensitive components and sensors in China has made great progress, and there are breakthroughs and innovations in design, key technologies, reliability and product development to varying degrees. However, there is still a big gap compared with developed countries, and the level of scientific research and development is about 5 ~ 10 years behind developed countries; The production technology is about 10 ~ 15 years behind. Therefore, we must further increase investment and expand industrial scale in the next five years; Strengthen market development and expand exports; Strengthen research and development, improve the technical content of products and enhance competitiveness.
5. Green batteries-Develop low-cost and high-efficiency batteries and increase R&D efforts.
With the growing voice of environmental protection and the increasing shortage of primary energy such as natural fossils, all major developed countries attach great importance to the research and development and production of new green batteries, and the market is on the rise. "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" is an important strategic opportunity period for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is also an important period for building a resource-saving society and developing a circular economy. It is not only the inherent requirement of building a resource-saving society, but also the inevitable choice to participate in future international competition to actively develop new green and efficient batteries and continue to develop and expand the power industry. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we will continue to support the development of high-capacity and high-reliability lithium-ion batteries and polymer lithium-ion batteries, focus on the development of low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells (including thin-film solar cells), and increase the research and development of fuel cells and power batteries.
6. New semiconductor discrete devices-intensify technical transformation, upgrade product grade and develop power devices.
Semiconductor discrete devices are widely used in computer, communication, audio-visual and other fields. At present, China has become the largest discrete device market in the world, accounting for about 1/3 of the global market, and the market will continue to grow at a rate of 20% in the next few years. China's discrete device industry has developed rapidly, with an industrial scale of about 50 billion yuan, accounting for 15.7% of the world market. However, the discrete device products produced in China are at the middle and low level, and 90% of the middle and high-grade products need to be imported from abroad. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we must seize the opportunity of traditional industrial transformation, further intensify technological transformation, upgrade product grades, develop new semiconductor discrete devices, and focus on developing power semiconductor discrete devices.
7. New electromechanical components-increase the research and development efforts of enterprises, focusing on the research and development of optical fiber and optical cable products.
Electromechanical components are an important part of completing line connection or realizing system functions, and are indispensable components, and the market will continue to grow in the future. China has a strong electromechanical component industry, and the output of micro and special motors accounts for more than 60% of the world market. The output of electroacoustic devices, cable TV RF cables and other products ranks first in the world, and the output of photoelectric cables, connectors and relays also ranks first in the world. But on the whole, China's mechanical and electrical components products are mainly concentrated in the middle and low grades, and there are few new mechanical and electrical components products, mainly relying on imports. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, while continuing to maintain the advantages of middle and low-grade products, enterprises are encouraged to increase their research and development efforts, focusing on the development of brushless intelligent micromotors, miniaturized, high-density, high-frequency and anti-interference multifunctional new connectors, miniaturized and intelligent high-performance relays, large-capacity broadband communication, data, TV and RF cables, thin and miniature, high-sensitivity, broadband, high-fidelity electro-acoustic devices, microwave components and so on.
8. Optical communication devices-Organize the combination of Industry-University-Research and encourage the whole machine enterprises and device enterprises to carry out extensive cooperation.
Optical communication technology is the core of the next generation transmission network and the key to building the national information superhighway. With the development of communication technology and industry, the market of optical communication equipment is increasingly broad. China's communication industry is developing rapidly, but optical communication devices can't be completely matched in China, and key devices still need to be imported. It is very important for the development of China's communication industry to vigorously develop optical communication devices and gradually replace imports. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, we should actively follow the development trend of world technology, increase investment in R&D, organize the combination of Industry-University-Research and application, encourage the whole machine enterprises and device enterprises to carry out extensive cooperation, and focus on the development of high-speed optical receiving/transmitting modules, photoelectric couplers, optical active devices, photoelectric switches, optical passive devices and MEMS optical switches.
(2) New display devices-expanding industrial scale, cultivating independent innovation ability and realizing industrialization.
New display devices mainly include thin film transistor liquid crystal display device (TFT-LCD), plasma display device (PDP), organic electroluminescent device (organic light emitting diode), surface conduction electron emitting device (SED) and so on, which is the alternative technology of cathode ray tube (CRT). TFT-LCD and PDP have developed rapidly and become the mainstream flat panel display technology at present. At present, the new flat panel display device has become a key part of digital products such as digital TV, computer, mobile communication terminal, etc., with a market scale of nearly 100 billion US dollars, which has an obvious pulling effect on the industry, and has become one of the new economic growth points supporting the sustainable development of the global information industry, and is a strategic high-tech industry. Accelerating the development of China's flat panel display device industry is conducive to promoting the development of microelectronics, optoelectronics, electronic materials, electronic special equipment, military electronics and other electronic technologies, promoting the technological progress and structural upgrading of the electronic information industry, and enhancing the ability of independent innovation.
The development of TFT-LCD and PDP industries in China is seriously lagging behind. At present, most computer LCD monitors and panels for notebook computers, as well as flat panel monitors for color TVs, are all imported, which makes domestic color TV enterprises have no right to speak on upstream supporting products that account for more than 70% of the cost of flat panel TVs. Facing the strong competition of Japanese and Korean color TV enterprises relying on the advantages of upstream screen resources and the increasingly vertical integration of industrial chain, the market leading position established by domestic color TV in the past 20 years is losing, and it is in danger of falling into industry losses again. Therefore, China must vigorously develop new display devices during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. The new display device is a technology-intensive and capital-intensive industry, which has the characteristics of large investment scale, rapid upgrading and active innovation. China should not only accelerate the development of mainstream products such as TFT-LCD and PDP, but also attach great importance to the development of new generation display technology, aim at the future market, make overall plans, start early, increase investment in research and development, and avoid repeating the passive situation of TFT-LCD and PDP products.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, in order to meet the needs of digitalization, high definition and planarization, priority should be given to developing TFT-LCD and PDP, promoting vertical integration of industrial chain and horizontal alliance of enterprises, expanding industrial scale and cultivating independent innovation ability; Focus on supporting the process and production technology development of new generation flat panel display devices such as organic light-emitting diodes, and strive to achieve industrialization; Accelerate the strategic shift of traditional color tube industry and actively develop high-end color tube products such as high definition and short neck. In the field of TFT-LCD, on the one hand, it supports the construction of the sixth generation and above TFT-LCD large-size panel production line, and at the same time, it supports the construction of small-size TFT-LCD panel production line considering the market of small and medium-sized products such as mobile phones and PDA. While developing mid-stream panel manufacturing, we should speed up the research and development and industrialization of domestic key supporting parts, and strive to make breakthroughs in some production equipment and materials such as color filters, substrate glass, polarizers, new backlights and TFT-LCD. Focus on developing more than 42 "PDP display screen, driving circuit and module, and master mass production technology; Actively organize the basic technology research and development of organic light-emitting diodes /PLED, SED devices and modules; Actively develop small-sized mobile phone primary and secondary screens, PDA, MP3 organic light-emitting diode display screens. Focus on the development of digital high-definition color picture tubes and related accessories and special oscilloscopes (for medical use, instruments and nuclear radiation).
(3) Electronic materials-develop high-tech materials, improve self-supporting ability, and pay attention to the development of environmental protection materials.
Electronic material is an important part of electronic information product manufacturing industry, and it is the foundation and forerunner of developing electronic information industry. As a basic material, electronic materials have penetrated into all fields of national economy and national defense construction. Without high-quality electronic materials, it is impossible to manufacture high-performance electronic components. In recent years, the technical level and industrial scale of China's electronic materials industry have developed greatly. The output of magnetic materials, artificial crystals and other materials has ranked first in the world, and the export scale is also large. However, China's electronic materials enterprises are small and scattered, with low product grade and low scientific and technological content. The key materials with high technical requirements are still mainly imported, and the key technologies of the industry are basically monopolized by foreign enterprises, which affects the sustained and healthy development of China's electronic information industry and threatens industrial safety.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we must vigorously develop the electronic materials industry, speed up the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure, and provide strong support for the development of the electronic information industry. Strengthen international cooperation, promote the combination of production and use, break through some key technologies, and narrow the gap between electronic materials and foreign advanced levels. Focus on the development of electronic information materials with high technical content and good market prospects, and improve the domestic independent supporting capacity. Attach importance to the development of environmental protection electronic materials.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) policy measures-strengthen industry guidance, increase financial support, expand international cooperation and strengthen team building.
Starting from the actual situation of the development of China's electronic materials and components industry, aiming at the practical problems that restrict the development of the industry, in order to ensure the smooth realization of the development goal of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the special plan puts forward four specific policy measures: First, strengthen the macro guidance of the industry and study and formulate relevant policy measures. The second is to increase financial support. The state should give more guidance to the research, development and industrialization of new technologies, and at the same time make efforts to build an investment and financing system that meets the needs of the development of technology and capital-intensive industries. Third, actively use foreign capital and expand international cooperation. Fourth, pay attention to the cultivation and introduction of talents and strengthen the construction of talent team. Practically implementing these policies and measures is the key to ensure the healthy and rapid development of China's electronic materials and components industry, which should be highly valued by industrial authorities at all levels.