White phosphorus: The molecule is a regular tetrahedron composed of four phosphorus atoms. The bonding angle is 60. It's white and waxy. Because it is often yellow, it is called yellow phosphorus. It is insoluble in water and soluble in nonpolar solvents such as CS2. Extremely toxic (0.01g-0.06g-0.06g lethal), and the ignition point is 40℃, so a small amount of white phosphorus is stored in cold water.
Red phosphorus: complex macromolecule, the structure is not completely clear, but it is known that there are rings and chains composed of phosphorus atoms. It is brownish red powder, basically non-toxic. Heated under normal pressure, sublimated into phosphorus vapor, condensed into white phosphorus, insoluble in water and carbon disulfide.
Black phosphorus: black crystal with metallic luster, made of white phosphorus at high pressure and high temperature, and of little use value.
Phosphorus chemical industry includes phosphate fertilizer industry, yellow phosphorus and phosphide industry, phosphoric acid and phosphate industry, organophosphorus compound industry, phosphorus-containing pesticides and pharmaceutical industry. About 80% of the consumption structure of phosphate rock in the world is used for agriculture, and the rest is used for extracting yellow phosphorus, phosphoric acid and manufacturing other phosphate products. Phosphorus chemical products have been widely used in industry, national defense, cutting-edge science and people's lives. In agriculture, it is widely used in detergent, metallurgy, machinery, mineral processing, drilling, electroplating, pigments, coatings, textiles, printing and dyeing, tanning, medicine, food, glass, ceramics, enamel, water treatment, refractory materials, building materials, daily chemicals, paper making, ammunition, flame retardant, fire fighting and so on. With the development of science and technology, phosphorus chemical products with high purity and special functions have been further popularized and applied in cutting-edge science and national defense industry, and a large number of new products have emerged, such as electronic and electrical materials, sensor materials, ion exchangers, catalysts, artificial biological materials, solar cell materials, optical materials and so on. Due to the continuous penetration of phosphorus chemical products into more industrial fields, especially cutting-edge science and emerging industries, phosphorus chemical industry has become an important industry in the national economy. Phosphorus chemical products are playing an increasingly important role in people's daily life.
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