What are the common industrial microorganisms?

Bacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts and molds are commonly used in industrial production. Due to the development of fermentation engineering itself and the intervention of genetic engineering, algae and viruses are gradually becoming microorganisms in industrial production.

1. Bacteria commonly used in industrial production include Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus, Acetobacter, Corynebacterium, Brevibacterium, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus, etc. Used in the production of lactic acid, acetic acid, amino acids, nucleotides, amylase, protease, lipase, vitamins, inosinic acid, acetone butanol and other products, as well as biological control and bacterial leaching.

2. Actinomycetes

Its greatest economic value is that it can produce a variety of antibiotics. More than 60% of antibiotics found in microorganisms are produced by actinomycetes, such as streptomycin, chlortetracycline, erythromycin and gentamicin. Commonly used actinomycetes mainly come from the following genera: Streptomyces, Micromonospora and Nocardia. In recent years, actinomycetes have also been used to produce amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins and enzyme preparations.

3. Commonly used yeasts in the yeast industry include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida, yeast-like yeast, etc. It is used for brewing wine, making bread, making low freezing point petroleum, producing alcohol and lipase, and producing edible, medicinal and feed yeast body protein.

4. Commonly used molds in the mold industry are: Rhizopus, Mucor, Plough of algae, Monascus, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Penicillium, etc. ; They can be used to produce various enzyme preparations, antibiotics, organic acids, auxins and steroid hormones.