At this stage, when construction companies are carrying out ecological slope protection projects, how do they design ecological slope protection project plans? What are the main types of ecological slope protection? What’s the basic overview? The following is the basic content of ecological slope protection:
Zhongda Consulting has compiled the knowledge from the construction knowledge column of this website to sort out the basic overview of ecological slope protection as follows:
Ecological slope protection is a comprehensive engineering mechanics, The basic knowledge of soil science, ecology, botany and other disciplines is used to support slopes or side slopes to form a slope protection technology consisting of plants or engineering and plants.
In order to help relevant personnel further understand the ecological slope protection type projects, the editor of Zhongda Consulting has sorted out the relevant ecological slope protection types. The basic overview is as follows:
(1) Artificial grass slope protection
Artificial grass planting and slope protection is a traditional slope plant protection measure by simply spreading grass seeds manually on the slope surface. It is mostly used in soil road cutting and embankment slope protection projects where the slope height is not high, the slope is gentle and suitable for grass growth. Features: Simple construction, low cost, etc.
Disadvantages: Due to uneven sowing of grass seeds, grass seeds are easily washed away by rainwater, and the survival rate of grass planting is low, satisfactory slope protection effects are often not achieved, resulting in slope gullies. Slope diseases such as topsoil loss have led to a large number of slope disease treatment and repair projects, making this technology less used in recent years.
(2) Hydraulic spraying and grass planting for slope protection
Hydraulic spraying and grass planting for slope protection is a newly developed slope plant protection measure abroad in the past ten years. It combines grass seeds, Fertilizer, adhesive, pulp, soil conditioner, pigment, etc. are mixed with water in a mixing box in a certain proportion, and then sprayed onto the slope surface through mechanical pressure to complete the grass planting construction.
Features: ① Simple construction and fast speed;
② High construction quality, grass seeds are evenly sprayed and germinated quickly and uniformly;
③ Good protection effect , Under normal circumstances, the plant coverage rate on the slope can reach more than 70% one month after spraying, and the protection and greening functions will be formed after two months;
④ Wide applicability. At present, domestic hydraulic spraying grass planting and slope protection is widely used in slope protection and greening projects in highways, railways, urban construction and other departments.
Disadvantages: ① Low soil-fixing and water-holding capacity, easy to form runoff ditches and erosion;
② Constructors are prone to cutting corners and fabricating materials, resulting in superficial phenomena;
③ Due to improper selection of varieties and insufficient mixing materials, soil erosion or gullies may occur later.
(3) Slope protection with soil-based plants
Slope protection with soil-based plants is a combination of water-retaining agent, adhesive, anti-transpiration agent, pellet agent, plant fiber, peat soil, Humus soil, slow-release compound fertilizer and other materials are made into soil, which is stirred by special machinery and then blown onto the slope surface to form a soil layer of a certain thickness. The selected seeds are then mixed with wood fibers and adhesives. , water-retaining agent, compound fertilizer, and slow-release nutrient solution are stirred by a sprayer and then sprayed into the soil layer on the slope.
Advantages: ① The matrix and seed formula can be formulated according to geological and climatic conditions, thus having wide adaptability;
② The combination of soil and slope is strong;
③The soil layer has good air permeability and fertility;
④Good drought resistance;
⑤High degree of mechanization, fast speed, simple construction and short construction period;
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⑥The vegetation protection effect is good, and it can maintain the normal growth of plants without basically requiring maintenance;
This method is suitable for rock foundation slopes with small slopes, weathered rocks and hard soil and sand. , road slopes, mines, reservoir areas and barren land
Disadvantages: It requires stable slopes, slight slope erosion, large slope slopes, and areas that have been flooded for a long time. It is not suitable.
(4) Tile turf:
Tile turf slope protection is a traditional slope plant protection measure by artificially laying natural turf on the slope surface.
Features: Simple construction, low project cost, short time to build a flat surface, fast slope protection effect and few construction season restrictions.
It is suitable for slope protection projects of various soil types with easy sources of nearby turf, low slope height and gentle slope, as well as severely weathered rock formations and soft rock formations with poor diagenesis. It is one of the most commonly designed and applied traditional slope plant protection measures.
Disadvantages: Due to difficulties in early maintenance and management, newly laid turf is susceptible to various natural disasters and often fails to achieve satisfactory slope protection effects, resulting in slope gullies, topsoil loss, landslides, etc. Slope disaster.
This has led to a large number of slope disease control and repair projects. In recent years, due to the shortage of turf sources, the role of flat turf slope protection has gradually been restricted.
(5) Ecological bag slope protection:
Ecological bag slope protection is an ecological bag made of artificial geotextile. Plants grow in the ecological bag filled with soil. A slope protection technology for slope protection and environmental restoration.
Features: water-permeable, air-permeable, impermeable to soil particles, has good applicability in water and humid environments, and basically does not produce water seepage pressure on the structure. The construction is fast and convenient, and the material transportation is light.
Disadvantages: Due to the limitations of the space environment, the survival conditions of later vegetation are restricted, and the overall stability is poor.
(6) Grid ecological slope protection
Grid ecological slope protection is a grid formed by bricks, stones, concrete blocks, cast-in-place concrete and other materials, and is planted in the grid Plants form a comprehensive slope protection system of grids and plants, which can not only protect the slope, but also restore the ecology and protect the environment.
Grid ecological slope protection combines engineering slope protection structure with plant slope protection, and the slope protection effect is very good. Among them, the cast-in-place grid ecological slope protection is a new patented slope protection technology. It has the advantages of strong slope protection ability, simple construction technology, reasonable technology, economy and practicality. It is a new generation of ecological slope protection technology and has great practical value.
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