Although he didn't write about1Texas archives war in the middle of the 8th century, why did he consider its obscurity? He can. 1in the summer of 839, when the newly born Republic of Texas was threatened by the southern army, a fierce debate about the archives of young countries revealed the close relationship between power and history. Kdspe, kdsps, kdspe and kdsps conflict. In this historical period, this is a fascinating moment, and state officials use these documents as a means to give them the legitimacy of their preferred capital. According to many Texas historians, Austin became the capital of Texas mainly because of Austin.
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The Republic of Texas was developed during the Texas Revolution. American colonists and Tejanos (mexican american, living in southern Texas) revolted at 1835 and offered armed resistance to Mexico. The problem now is autonomy, the rebels' refusal to accept the change of power, and * * * and the Mexican president, not the national and local * * *. The Republic of Texas was founded on March 2, 1836 and ruled as an independent country until 1845 when it became a part of the United States.
The short period of nine years' autonomy is far from calm. Mexico refused to recognize Texas as an independent country, and its troops frequently attacked the southern and western borders until 1840. KDSP, KDSP, KDSP and KDSP were established in the US Congress and elected by the bicameral legislature (excluding freemen and Native Americans). According to the first and only census of 1840, the Texas Congress represented about 70,000 people. Five Texas cities "KDSP", "KDSP" and "KDSP" served as temporary capitals in the first year of the Republic of China, bypassing and avoiding Mexican prisoners before Sam Houston. 1837 was elected as the second president of the Republic of China (after the interim president David G. Burnett), and chose Houston as its capital. According to historian dormann winfrey, the archives of the Republic of China, including military records, official documents, land ownership, flags and trophies, seals and international treaties, all came to Houston from Columbia City under a new name. He wrote the story of the archives war in Texas more than 50 years ago.
Mirabo Lamar, the next president, is a lawyer in Georgia. He believes that the extinction of Indians is a necessary condition for progress. 1839, due to the central position of the city, Lamar moved to Austin. The detractors are the most prestigious people in Sam Houston. He thinks Austin is too remote, too underdeveloped and too close to the enemies of Mexicans and Indians, most of whom come from Comanche and Cherokee countries. At the same time, Houston enjoys greater trade opportunities because of its proximity to the Gulf of Mexico. "KDSPE" is a landscape in Austin, the capital of Texas and China. Lithography, 1840. (Granger Collection, new york)
Houston (this person) ascended the presidency for the second time on 184 1, replacing Austin as the capital. He made no secret of his hatred for the city, often calling it "the most unfortunate place on earth", and refused to move into the official residence, preferring to live in a boarding apartment.
After winning three-quarters of the votes, Houston felt entitled to move the capital back to his namesake city. He urged the legislature to carry out such reform, but the delegates rejected his suggestion. Austin people have the pride of their hometown, but their stubbornness does not stop there. Losing capital will hinder their rapid growth and lead to a decline in the value of real estate. In their view, Sam Houston gave up his seat and exaggerated the seriousness of the Mexican threat to achieve his political goals. KD SPE, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, Kdspe, 700 Mexican troops crossed the border between Texas and China at 1842 under the command of General Rafael Vasquez. Official announcement * * *; After the attack, many families went to safer places.
Houston is worried that the worst will happen next. This letter to his fiancee not only expressed his real concern about the attack in Mexico, but also expressed that Comanche people would burn and destroy the city-and most importantly, its archives. Houston feels strongly that Austin is not a safe place for the capital of China.
As he wrote on March 24th 1842:
"The destruction of the National Archives will bring irreparable harm to the people of Texas as a whole ... If he (the President) ignores the supreme constitutional obligation and puts the endless evil caused by the loss of the National Archives on the state's head, he will be severely punished and must be justly condemned by the people of the whole country. These files will be transferred from Austin to Houston, and the newly appointed director of the Bureau of Land and Resources, Thomas Peg Ward, will be responsible for handling public land and patents and keeping them.
Colonel henry jones, Austin's military commander, has other plans. He opposed the order and called angry citizens to discuss the proposal. Together, they formed a "vigilance committee" to prevent transportation and protect archives. For them, the attack on San Antonio was exaggerated and used as an excuse to move the capital out of San Antonio.
Houston convened a special session of Congress to solve this problem, which was held on June 27th. He emphasized the importance of transferring the capital and archives, but an indifferent legislature did not change the rules of this issue. KDSP, KDSP, KDSP and KDSP refused, and Mexican troops attacked San Antonio again, urging Houston to reconvene Congress, which was held on the banks of the Blazouez River in Washington. 1842 65438+February 5, a new capital that is neither Austin nor Houston. Patsy McDonald, the author of Texas Senate: * * * and the Civil War (1836- 186 1), said that Houston once again asked for support for an administrative resolution to move the archives to a new capital, regardless of what Austin called "inflammatory" citizens said. Edward Berenson, the speaker of the Senate who disliked Sam Houston, refused to support the procedural issues that led to the transfer of documents, and the motion was deadlocked.
Without success through official channels, Houston took charge of its own affairs-outside Congress, outside * * *,
10 February 10, he secretly ordered two Texas army officers-Captain Eli Chandler and Colonel Thomas I Smith-to assemble a 20-member army to retrieve the documents from Austin in a "confidential, efficient and fast" way and "take them to Washington, Brazzaville."
On that day in Houston, I wrote, "It is becoming more and more urgent to move public archives and warehouses from the current dangerous situation in Austin to a safe place. When they stay where they are, no one knows when they may be completely destroyed.
On February 30th, 65438, the secret forces entered Austin in the early morning. With the help of Ward, the director of the Bureau of Land and Resources, they loaded the documents into the carriage, when Angelina Abel, the owner of a local hotel, found them. In addition to her hotel, the boss owns several urban areas, and she understands the symbolic significance of these files to * * * and China. Blazouez has lost the capital, Washington, and the loss of these documents will ensure that Austin is excluded from the future of Texas. She quickly spread the news among Austin people, and a small and special army gathered.
According to Winfrey's historical records, there is a six-pound howitzer loaded with grape bombs on Congress Avenue, the main road in Austin, which was left over from the early war between China and Native Americans. According to D.G.Wooten, author of A Complete History of Texas, she turned her gun on the Bureau of Land and Resources. "When the torch was lit, the cannon fired."
Someone shouted, "Blow the old house to pieces! Winfrey wrote: "Ward said in a letter to Sam Houston that someone shot at the Bureau of Land and Resources, but no one was injured and no loss was caused. Ward's right arm was taken away by a faulty cannon in his early military career, and he was lucky to escape the danger.
On Congress Avenue in Austin, a statue (Witold Skrypczak/Alamy Stock Photo) commemorating the Texas Archives War, Smith, Chandler and their men drove away the archives in their wagons, and about 20 Austin policemen chased them, some of whom were armed with cannons. At noon the next day, in Bush Creek, north of Austin, Austin thugs held the army at gunpoint and told Smith to "surrender or fight", Winfrey wrote, although there were several versions of this story. In the report written by Teng Wu, the mob forced Smith to move the documents back to Austin, while Ward's report said that the security guards themselves moved the documents back to Austin.
Anyway, Smith was forced to hand over the documents, which were faithfully returned to Austin. The members of the "vigilance Committee" celebrated their victory with a sumptuous dinner. It was said that they even invited Colonel Smith to attend, and he readily accepted. Others said he refused. Anyway, this bloody conflict is over for the time being.
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The land office was destroyed and the archives needed a new home. Historian Louis Wilzkamp said, "All the records were then sealed in iron boxes and kept in Mrs. Abel's home under the guard of day and night. Trying to seize them by force will lead to the outbreak of civil war.
This incident made Ward very unhappy, as he said in his letter to Houston: "I tried my best to get them back to this place, but in vain. The possible outcome can only be decided by God. There are many people threatening me ... but no matter how dangerous or unpleasant my situation is, if I can help * * * and China, I won't complain.
Soon, Congress investigated Houston's behavior and later reprimanded him. The Senate Committee concluded that Houston had no legal reason to try to transfer these documents.
These files were left in Austin, and the location of * * * is still in Brazzaville and Austin, Washington, and there is no status related to the capital city. 1843 In the first half of the year, Ward repeatedly failed to restore files for his organization. He set up a new land office in Blazouez, Washington, and with the operation of * * * *, he set up a new file there. July 4 1843,
1845, the two files finally reunited in Austin without much dispute and pain; A few months later, on February 29th of the same year, 10, the Republic of Texas joined the United States of America.
Austin, perhaps more than any other city in America. From the very beginning, it announced itself and its status as the capital with great fanfare, and the archives war was a fascinating highlight of its trip to Beicombe. This is the situation of today's modern and confident city. It was not until 1850 that Texans chose aggressive and powerful Austin as the capital and the seat of * * *, and the capital problem of Texas was firmly solved. Its status as the capital was decided by a statewide final vote in 1872, which marked the end of a very strange and long journey.