2. Screen soldier system: corresponding to the officer system. The military service system began to appear in the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty and reached its peak in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, as did other similar military service systems.
To sum up, the government system and the recruitment system are completely opposite. The conscription system is the last resort when the government conscription system cannot be continued. Rulers are often government soldiers.
Deep understanding:
The system of officers and men is a compulsory military service system in which soldiers and farmers are integrated. Government soldiers usually farm at home and train in their spare time. When they want to fight or serve, they bring their own weapons and food to the meeting place to fight! This system was practiced in most periods in ancient China!
The conscription system is a professional military system. The government or some forces openly recruit civilians to join the army, take soldiers as their profession, train them for a long time, and give them pay and ordnance equipment! During the long-term prevalence of the ancient officers and men system in China, the recruitment system also existed as a supplement for a long time!
Laws and regulations:
1, the seat of the military government, soldiers can't just move out of bounds; Farming at ordinary times, practicing martial arts in slack seasons, and going out to fight, its main task is to stay at home and defend and levy defense. Fan stays in Suwei, that is, he stays in Suwei in turn and gives it to Fan according to the distance from Chang 'an. The law stipulates: five times a hundred miles away (that is, the soldiers of each government take five people as a group, and these five people take turns to go to Chang' an to station in Wei, and so on, but there are redundant personnel in seven or nine endless groups), seven times a hundred miles away, and eight times a thousand miles away, each time for one month; Nine times, two thousand miles away, two months at a time. Neifu guards (Sanwei) have paid services in all states except Beijing and its nearby states. The government soldiers went to Chang 'an to stay behind, and they were divided by the twelve guards. When sending troops to defend, they will be commanded by the imperial court. When going out, you must hold the fish symbol issued by the Ministry of War, and you can only send troops after the state secretariat and the general Zhechongfu are combined. After the war, the soldiers will be dispersed in the government and will return to North Korea. So the generals can't support their troops and respect themselves.
2. Since the Tang and Five Dynasties, the conscription system has replaced the military service system, which is a major change in the feudal system. In the Song Dynasty, whether it was the forbidden soldiers, the soldiers in the Xiang Dynasty or the soldiers stationed in the Southern Song Dynasty, the way of recruiting soldiers was generally adopted. It is a traditional national policy of the Song Dynasty to recruit refugees and hungry people as soldiers in famine years. The rulers believe that it is impossible for the old and the weak to rebel after the strong men recruit, which is the countermeasure to prevent the peasant uprising from erupting in the disaster year. Recruiting military children also became an important source of soldiers in the Song Dynasty. In addition, able-bodied criminals are also soldiers, especially soldiers. When soldiers are exhausted, rulers often forcibly seize their husbands, causing great harassment and pain to the people.
background
1, the government military system originated from the policy that Xianbei people in the Northern Wei Dynasty were soldiers and Han people cultivated land. The whole family of government soldiers can be exempted from military service, and being a soldier has become the patent of Xianbei people. The Han people have changed from the traditional farming combat system, that is, riding a horse as a soldier and dismounting as a farmer, to a pure farmer. This policy obviously bears the color of ethnic segregation. In the late Northern Zhou Dynasty, due to the situation, Han people were also recruited as government soldiers. When Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was appointed Prime Minister of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he ordered the Han people who were given Xianbei surname in the Western Wei Dynasty to restore their Han surname, and began to break the rule that Xianbei people were soldiers and Han people were farmers. In the 10th year of Emperor Yangdi's Huang Kai (590), Emperor Wendi ordered the whole family of government soldiers to be included in the household registration of counties and counties, and they were farmed in different fields, and their military status was changed to civilian status, and the soldiers themselves were under the command of the military government.
2. In the early Tang Dynasty, the official system was adopted to recruit and run the army. However, in the late Tang Xuanzong period, the system of government soldiers was seriously damaged. It was stipulated in the early Tang Dynasty that government soldiers should be sent every three years. However, with the increase of border incidents, the continuous use of soldiers, the extension of the garrison period and the increasingly serious corruption, soldiers will be corrupted and forced to work for themselves, so no one wants to be a government soldier. In the eighth year of Tianbao (749), none of the Zhechong soldiers in charge of the government soldiers remained. The Tang government had to stop recruiting officers and soldiers and use the recruitment system instead. In the early Tang Dynasty, a small number of soldiers were recruited in the local border areas, which became popular since Xuanzong. During the Kaiyuan period, the capital garrison, border garrison and local troops were basically recruited.