Madame Curie is one of the great scientists. What are her life stories?

Marie Curie

Year of birth: 1867-1934

Celebrity title: Polish physicist, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize

Marie Curie (1867-1934), formerly known as Marie Sklodowska, was a Polish physicist and the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.

Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867, in a family of teachers in Warsaw, Poland. She lost her mother at the age of 10 and her family was poor, which gave her the qualities of being hard-working, studious and tireless. In 1891, she went to France alone to study at the Faculty of Science of the University of Paris. She cherished the hard and "perfect" time during which she worked diligently and obtained a master's degree in physics in 1893 and a master's degree in mathematics in 1894. Almost at the same time, the bond of science drew her and Pierre Curie together. The two married in 1895.

In 1897, Marie Curie saw Henri Becquerel's report that uranium was radioactive, which aroused her great interest. She carefully explored, repeated experiments, and worked closely with Mr. Curie, and finally developed two new chemical elements, which are more radioactive than uranium. One is "Polonium", which was named after the first letter of Poland by Marie Curie out of her love for her motherland; the other is "Radium", which has devoted a lot of effort, wisdom, physical strength and even... life. In order to prove the existence of radium, they engaged in mental and hard work in a dilapidated shack that was not protected from the heat in summer and the cold in winter. During the four years from 1898 to 1902, they persevered and finally produced from dozens of tons of radium. One-tenth of a gram of pure radium salt was extracted from uranium pitch mine waste residue, and the atomic weight of radium was determined. In 1903, the Curies and Becquerel won the Nobel Prize in Physics.

In 1906, Mr. Curie died suddenly in a car accident. Marie Curie overcame great grief with her strong will and assumed all family responsibilities. Soon, she took over Mr. Curie's courses at the University of Paris and directed laboratory work.

In 1911, Marie Curie ran for membership of the French Academy of Sciences, but was defeated by one vote because someone suggested that "women cannot become members of the Academy of Sciences." But this could not stop her from dedicating herself to science. In December of the same year, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Mrs. Curie dedicated her life to science for the happiness of mankind, never caring about personal gain and honor. She has received as many as 10 types of bonuses, 16 types of medals, and more than 100 honorary titles. In 1914, the Institute of Radium Science was established in Paris, where she began to preside over Curie's laboratory and trained many accomplished scientists.

Mrs. Curie was full of sacrifice. During World War I, she used X-ray equipment to treat the sick and wounded. She conducted intense research on radioactive elements under difficult conditions for a long time, causing toxic substances to harm her health, and she suffered from a variety of diseases in her later years. Died of leukemia on July 4, 1934.