I. W-type engine
This kind of engine is just two V-type engines. The design idea of W-type engine is to use two V-type engines to form a V-type engine.
advantages: the structure is more compact, which can accommodate more cylinders and has greater displacement.
the disadvantage is that the structure is too complicated and the operation is not balanced.
due to the patent, this kind of engine can only be seen in a few cars such as Volkswagen and Audi. The European Volkswagen Golf, European Volkswagen Passat and Audi A8 are equipped with W6, W8 and W12 engines respectively.
ii. v
advantages: stable operation (for V6, V8 and V12) and space saving.
Disadvantages: the structure is complicated, which is not conducive to maintenance and repair, and the cost is high. At the same time, V3, V5 and V1 are not very stable because of their structure or displacement, especially V1, which is an F1 engine. The 3L engine needs to invest a lot of energy and money to ensure its stability.
representative models: Audi A6, Ferrari 36, Porsche carrear? GT, Mercedes S6. Use V6, V8, V1 and V12 engines respectively. V3 mainly appears on some motorcycles, and V5 is said to have been used in the previous generation of Volkswagen Golf. And the V16 can be found in some luxurious old cars.
3. Horizontal opposition
Advantages: low center of gravity (nonsense, it's 18 degrees, can it be lower than it), easy to control and balance.
Disadvantages: The cost is still high and the engine is too wide.
horizontally opposed engine's most famous application lies in Porsche's famous 911.
iv. In-line
Advantages: stability, low cost, simple structure, good running balance and small volume.
Disadvantages: When the displacement and the number of cylinders increase, the length of the engine will be greatly increased.
4-cylinder inline engines are generally widely used in engines with a displacement of less than 2.2 liters.
the most famous example of a 6-cylinder in-line engine is the M3 of BMW. The main purpose of BMW's selection of 6-cylinder in-line engine is to facilitate counterweight and stability. Although the inline engine is relatively simple, it is definitely not a synonym for bad.