China's dialectical thinking contains three principles: the theory of change, the theory of contradiction and the theory of neutralization. His logical thinking emphasizes world identity, non-contradiction and exclusion. "Identity" holds that the essence of a thing will not change, and a thing will always be itself; "Non-contradiction" holds that a proposition cannot be right or wrong at the same time; "Exclusive neutrality" holds that a thing is either right or wrong, and there is no neutrality. Westerners' way of thinking is analytical thinking, which is different from China's pursuit of compromise and harmony. They like to separate things from the whole and make a logical analysis of their essential characteristics.
The differences between Chinese and western cultures are mainly manifested in the fact that the former emphasizes synthesis while the latter emphasizes analysis.
Westerners pay attention to analysis from the Renaissance, with the differentiation of various disciplines and the popularity of analytical methods. There are three main points of analysis method: first, classification, second, thorough investigation, and third, isolation-isolation is the essence of analysis method and plays an extremely important role in scientific method. Analytical method has played a key role in the establishment and development of modern science, and Galileo's free fall experiment is a good example of using analytical method. The development of modern science also mainly depends on analytical methods.
China people's academic research is mainly based on comprehensive methods, which stems from China's unique philosophical thoughts, especially the Book of Changes and its Yi-ology thinking mode, and pays attention to holistic thinking. Both Confucianism and Taoism comprehensively discuss the universe as a whole, focusing on the external relations and interactions between the parts, and rarely analyzing its connotation. Emphasizing synthesis over analysis dominates the academic research of China people, and TCM is a typical example. The traditional theory of traditional Chinese medicine is based on yin and yang and five behaviors, which are all abstracted from the whole. The essence is to comprehensively consider the influence of various organs and factors and treat them dialectically with a comprehensive method. Meridian and acupuncture-acupuncture at one point can be compatible with the prescriptions of the whole body and traditional Chinese medicine, both of which are based on the concept of overall integration. Western medicine is very different. It is based on human anatomy, from organs to tissues to cells, chromosomes and genes. Treat headache and foot pain, and operate if it is broken.
The parting ways of this scientific method have a far-reaching impact, and comprehensive light analysis is an important reason why China's modern science lags behind the West. One-sided methods are difficult to study things in depth, and the result can only be generalities and loss of subtlety, especially the development of modern science in depth.
Analysis and synthesis are two aspects of scientific method, which cannot be neglected. Why does the emphasis on analysis enable the west to make brilliant achievements in the field of natural science? The essence of analytical method lies in isolation, which is especially suitable for physical chemistry and other fields, because the research object is simple, there are few influencing factors and it is easy to isolate, thus making analytical method useful. The rapid development of modern science and technology is mostly in these fields. So how long can this biased analysis last? Nowadays, the categories of science are more and more detailed, and the levels are deeper and smaller. Is it possible to "see the forest for the trees"?
Modern science faces more and more complex objects, such as ecological environment, cosmic changes, mysteries of life, brain function, thinking mechanism, artificial intelligence and more complex social phenomena. These large-scale systems not only contain a large number of components and more influencing factors, but also have complicated interactions with each other, which makes it difficult to achieve the isolation required by the analysis method and analyze it effectively. Without integration, they will only see trees but not forests. In short, with the further development of science, simple analysis is no longer appropriate, and comprehensive methods must be adopted at the same time.