Relative density refers to the ratio of material density to water density, which is a dimensionless physical quantity. The density bottle method can be used to determine the relative density of substances. When determining the relative density of a substance, first clean the density bottle and dry it with a dry paper towel. Then add a certain amount of water into the density bottle to make it full, then dry the bottle mouth and weigh the total mass of the density bottle and water.
Next, add a certain amount of substance into the density bottle to make it full, then dry the bottle mouth and weigh the total mass of the density bottle and substance. Finally, the relative density of matter is calculated by calculating the volume of density bottle, the mass of water and the mass of matter.
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Basic principle of density bottle method
Density bottle method is a method to calculate the density of substances by measuring the mass of substances in a certain volume. Density bottle is a kind of bottle with accurate volume, and its volume can be calculated by measuring the quality and density of the bottle. When determining the density of a substance, it is necessary to clean the density bottle first and dry it with a dry paper towel.
Then add a certain amount of substance into the density bottle to make it full, then dry the bottle mouth and weigh the total mass of the density bottle and the substance. Finally, the density of the substance is calculated by calculating the volume of the density bottle and the mass of the substance.
Steps of determining relative density by density bottle method
1. Cleaning the density bottle: clean the density bottle with detergent and water, and then dry it with a dry paper towel.
2. Add water: add a certain amount of water to the density bottle to make it full, then dry the bottle mouth and weigh the total mass of the density bottle and water.
3. Adding substance: Add a certain amount of substance to the density bottle to make it full, then wipe the bottle mouth and weigh the total mass of the density bottle and substance.
4. Calculate the relative density: Calculate the relative density of the substance by calculating the volume of the density bottle, the mass of water and the mass of the substance.