Inorganic thermal insulation material AD composite insulation board wall thermal insulation system
Building energy conservation has been carried out nationwide and has been paid more and more attention. Wall insulation will become the most active industry in the construction market. However, in the investigation of the projects that have adopted wall insulation, there are also some problems: the quality of some projects is not up to standard, the building energy-saving effect of building energy-saving is poor, the service life is short, and there are security risks. At present, the commonly used wall insulation systems all adopt organic insulation materials, while inorganic insulation materials such as foam glass, rock wool board and glass wool board have good insulation performance, safety and durability. In order to improve the safety and service life of wall insulation, Shanghai Aidi Technology Development Co., Ltd. has developed and applied inorganic insulation materials for wall insulation, and achieved certain results.
1. Comparison between inorganic thermal insulation materials (foam glass, rock wool) and organic thermal insulation materials
At present, EPS and XPS boards are widely used as wall insulation materials. From the point of view of thermal insulation performance, EPS and XPS are efficient thermal insulation materials. The thermal conductivity of EPS is 0.04 1, and that of XPS is 0.030. It can achieve the required thermal insulation effect with a small thickness, and has certain mechanical strength and flexibility, low water absorption and convenient cutting in construction, but it has some shortcomings such as flammability and aging. The thermal insulation performance of inorganic thermal insulation materials (such as foam glass and rock wool) is slightly lower than EPS and XPS. The thermal conductivity of foam glass is 0.066, and that of rock wool is 0.044 (density is 80-200 kg/m3). It needs to be thicker than EPS and XPS to achieve the same insulation effect. The mechanical strength of foam glass is low and brittle, and the cohesion of rock wool board is small.
(1) Good durability and no aging problem; (2) No combustion, no fire safety hazard; (3) Sound absorption and sound insulation effect is good, especially the rock wool board, which plays a very good role in improving the sound insulation effect of the wall.
Thickness required for different materials to achieve the same thermal insulation effect
name
Calculated value of thermal conductivity λc
[w/(m·K)]
Thermal resistance of materials at 1 cm
(Kilowatt per square meter)
Thickness of material with thermal resistance of 0.222.
(cm)
EPS
0.045
0.222
1.0
Band phase shifter (same as X-band phase shifter)
0.033
0.303
0.733
rock wool board
0.05 1
0. 196
1. 133
foamglass
0.076
0. 132
1.489
Performance comparison of different materials
name
Band phase shifter (same as X-band phase shifter)
EPS
rock wool board
foamglass
Thermal conductivity [w/(m k)]
0.030
0.04 1
0.044
0.066
Compressive strength (MPa/m2)
≥0.25
≥0. 1
—
≥0.70
Tensile strength (MPa/m2)
≥0.30
≥0. 1
—
≥0. 16
Bulk density (kg/m3)
≥40
18~22
150~200
150~ 180
Water absorption (%)
≤ 1.5(V/V)
≤4
≤5
≤0.6
Volume stability
okay
okay
okay
excellent
combustibility
B 1
B 1
uninflammable
uninflammable
aging resistance
poor
poor
better
excellent
life
shorter
shorter
Longer
long
sound absorption
poor
poor
excellent
better
Direct use difficulty
easy
easy
difficult
difficult
price
middle
low
reduce
high
From the performance comparison, it can be seen that when the direct use difficulty and unit material price are the main considerations, organic thermal insulation materials have advantages: organic thermal insulation materials are convenient to use and have low one-time investment; When safety and service life are the main considerations, inorganic insulation materials have more advantages, because safety is the first priority, and the investment should be calculated not only from one-time investment, but also from the life cycle cost of buildings (in the case that investors and users are often not the same object, the life cycle cost of buildings is often ignored). If appropriate methods and technologies are adopted, there will be a breakthrough in reducing the difficulty of use, and the investment will not increase too much, so the application of inorganic thermal insulation materials should have a good prospect.
Second, the technical route of AD composite insulation board
The advantages of inorganic thermal insulation materials are safety and durability, but the disadvantages are low strength, brittleness and easy deformation, so it is difficult to use directly, and it is not suitable for the stress system of thermal insulation materials in EPS and XPS thin plastering systems. It is the key to use the advantages of inorganic thermal insulation materials and avoid their disadvantages. The technical route of this scheme is based on the stress of the material, so that the inorganic thermal insulation material is not stressed and only plays the role of thermal insulation, thus greatly reducing the difficulty of use and promoting the application of inorganic thermal insulation materials at low cost.
The method of this scheme is to bond and compound inorganic thermal insulation materials and polymer cement mortar on an inorganic board with high mechanical strength and good durability, so as to combine them into a composite thermal insulation board. The bonding strength between them is not very high, as long as it exceeds the tensile strength of inorganic thermal insulation materials and can bear the self-weight of the materials. The composite insulation board is anchored on the wall with anchors, and the force generated by the composite insulation board and external decoration is directly transmitted to the foundation wall through the anchors, and the insulation board is not stressed. The anchorage is made of stainless steel or galvanized rust-proof treatment, which has reliable mechanical strength and service life. Using high-quality polyethylene or nylon material in the contact part between the anchor and the wall can not only reduce the thermal bridge, but also have good durability, thus ensuring the good durability of the whole system and achieving the same life as the building as much as possible. The thermal insulation performance of the system can be achieved by adjusting the thickness of thermal insulation materials, and the stress of the system can be adjusted by the number of anchor rods and inorganic plates with different thicknesses, which is very simple.
Third, the application of AD composite insulation board insulation system
AD composite insulation board made of foam glass, glass wool board and rock wool board has similar application effects and uses, and can be used in various industrial, civil and commercial buildings, especially in buildings with high fire protection requirements. The price of composite insulation board made of rock wool board is lower. The following is an example to introduce the application:
1.AD composite insulation board (rock decoration) is used for external insulation of painted external walls.
(1) According to the thermal insulation requirements of the wall and the conditions of the wall foundation, the thickness of the rock wool board is determined by calculation, and the number of anchors is determined according to the stress requirements, which is generally 9- 1 1 block /m2.
(2) According to the requirements of grass-roots units and JGJ 144—2004, grass-roots units should be solid and flat with a flatness of 4mm/2m.
(3) Sticking and anchoring
After mixing the paste mortar evenly, scrape it on the wall with a toothed scraper, scrape it into a rack shape, paste the composite insulation board, pay attention to the adjustment of flatness, and require the flatness to be 2mm/2m, so as to anchor the composite insulation board stably.
(4) Combined therapy
The joints in AD system products are treated with flexible materials and waterproof materials, so that the joints between boards are closed, not cracked and not leaking.
(5) facing
Apply flexible putty on the whole, preferably flexible napping putty, and brush paint (preferably elastic paint).
2.AD composite thermal insulation board (rock wool) is used for external thermal insulation of external wall of tile.
The steps of (1)-(4) are the same as those of the coating system, except that the thickness of the inorganic plate needs to be larger and the number of anchors needs to be more, depending on the weight of the tile; In the process of construction, the stability of composite insulation board is required.
(5) Decorative coating waterproof interface agent on the surface of composite insulation board, and flexible adhesive for sticking ceramic tiles.
3.AD composite insulation board (rock wool) is used for wall insulation of opaque curtain wall.
Because the wall insulation layer in the opaque curtain wall does not bear the wind load, only the force generated by the self-weight of the composite insulation board has no aesthetic requirements on the external surface, so the requirements for the composite insulation board are low. In the specific application, the composite plate with smaller inorganic plate thickness can be selected, and 6-8 anchors can be used to directly anchor without bonding mortar.
4 AD composite insulation board (rock wool) is used for internal insulation of external wall.
In 2005, 20% of buildings in Shanghai used wall insulation, mainly using organic insulation materials, which had great security risks. The biggest advantage of this system is security. Considering the convenience of users, the inorganic plate used should have a certain thickness, which is convenient for hanging objects on the wall. Lighter objects can be stressed on inorganic plates, while heavier objects should be stressed on the wall foundation.
The specific application is similar to the external insulation of paint veneer, but it reduces the waterproof requirements of joint treatment.
Four. conclusion
1. Using inorganic thermal insulation materials for wall insulation is a good way to improve the safety of buildings and make the thermal insulation system have the same life as buildings.
2. The key to using inorganic thermal insulation materials for wall insulation is to reduce the difficulty of direct use and reduce the cost, so that the thermal insulation materials are not stressed.
3. It is a simple, effective and low-cost method to paste and compound inorganic thermal insulation materials and inorganic plates (patent has been applied).
4.AD composite insulation board (rock wool) can be used for wall insulation of various buildings, especially for buildings with high fire protection requirements.