Automatic welding machine is based on motor control technology, single chip microcomputer control technology, PLC control technology and numerical control technology.
Automatic welding machine is mainly composed of automatic workpiece loading and unloading mechanism, automatic workpiece station conversion mechanism, automatic workpiece clamping mechanism, automatic workpiece welding process system and integrated system control. Includes automatic loading and unloading, automatic conveying, automatic clamping and automatic welding.
1, workpiece loading and unloading mechanism of automatic welding machine
For a set of automatic welding machine, different loading and unloading mechanisms need to be set according to the weld form and size of the workpiece. Considering the national conditions of China and the affordability of most domestic enterprises, many enterprises still choose manual loading and unloading. In the welding production line of automobiles or household appliances, robots or automatic mechanical structures are widely used for automatic loading and unloading, including conveying, lifting, overturning and transferring, so as to realize rapid production and automatic welding system without manual intervention.
2. Workpiece welding station automatic switching device
In the automatic welding machine system, in order to improve the welding efficiency, it is often necessary to carry out multi-station automatic welding, which mainly includes feeding station, clamping station, welding station, cooling station or detection station and blanking station, thus forming a complete automatic system, which can complete the work from assembly, welding, detection to output at one time. The picture on the right shows the three-station automatic welding machine for automobile push rod and push plate, which has feeding position, welding position and detection position. In the automatic welding machine system composed of welding robots, double-station or multi-station welding is often used. Within the coverage of the robot's long arm, it can be switched from one station to another, thus realizing multi-station welding.
The welding work of parts usually includes one or more welds, and it also usually includes welding multiple parts into one part. For example, our commonly used water heater liner, car air pump and so on. Comprises straight seam welding after steel plates are rounded, circumferential seam welding between two end covers and a cylinder, circumferential seam welding between a water outlet nozzle or an air outlet nozzle and a cylinder or an end cover, lug welding of an inner container or a cylinder and assembly welding of a component, namely an inner container or an air storage tank of a water heater. In order to realize the automatic completion of each welding method, it is necessary to automatically switch from one station to another, thus forming an assembly line production operation and realizing automatic welding.
3. Automatic workpiece clamping device
In order to realize automatic welding production, automatic positioning, automatic clamping, automatic loosening and other clamping devices must be realized in the automatic welding machine, so as to improve the welding efficiency of products, stabilize the welding quality and realize mass production.
4, workpiece welding process automation system:
Welding process needs to choose different welding methods according to the material, thickness, size, weld form, shielding gas and wire feeding form of product parts. The welding process automation system can be composed of a simple automatic welding machine or can be used as a part of the automatic welding machine. Its main components and characteristics are as follows:
1, welding power supply: its output power and welding characteristics should match the proposed welding process and method, and it is equipped with an interface connected with the main controller.
2. Wire feeder and its control and speed regulation system. For the wire feeder with high control accuracy of wire feeding speed, speed feedback should be added to its control circuit.
3. The welding head uses its moving mechanism. It is composed of welding head, welding head support frame, hanger and so on. It is based on precision welding head mechanism, and its driving system should adopt servo motor with encoder.
4, weldment movement or displacement mechanism. Such as welding wheel frame, head and tail frame turnover machine, rotating platform, positioner, etc. The precision moving positioner shall be driven by servo motor.
5. Master controller. Also known as system controller, it is mainly used for linkage control of various components, control of welding procedures, setting, adjustment and display of main welding parameters. If necessary, control functions such as fault diagnosis and man-machine dialogue can be extended.
6. Computer software. Commonly used computer software for welding equipment includes: programming software, functional software, process method software and expert system.
7, welding head guide or tracking mechanism. Automatic arc pressure controller, welding torch swing and monitoring system.
8. Auxiliary equipment. Such as wire feeding system, circulating water cooling system, flux recovery and transportation device, welding wire bracket, cable hose, etc.