What methods can be used to irrigate farmland to save water?

Nowadays, drought and water shortage may be the most urgent problems restricting the development of agriculture and forestry. The sharp drop of groundwater level tells us that the available groundwater resources have been exhausted, and the traditional flood irrigation that people are used to should be abandoned and replaced by water-saving irrigation technology. Drip irrigation is a good method. When it comes to drip irrigation, farmers all know, "Good is good, but it is too expensive!" " What I want to introduce here is a new type of drip irrigation technology developed by scientific and technical personnel in China, which is a national patent-siphon drip irrigation bag. It's a good deal, just invest in 50 yuan per mu. If you want to spend less, you can irrigate every mu in 30 yuan or even 20 yuan. At the same time, the life of drip irrigation bag is very long, and a drip irrigation bag can be used for several years. Why are siphon drip irrigation bags so cheap? The answer is only two words-simple. Only a simple structure can greatly reduce its cost, and only a simple structure can make it convenient and reliable to use. Siphon drip irrigation bag consists of three parts. Water storage bag: made of high-strength plastic film, which can store 10 liter or 20 liters of water as micro water source. Siphon: a hollow plastic hose, one end (water inlet) is inserted into the water in the water storage bag, and the other end (water outlet) is buried in the soil outside the water storage bag as a siphon diversion pipe. Float: made of foam plastic, its function is to float the siphon inlet and automatically follow the water level change, and limit the siphon inlet to the available range, in addition to controlling the flow. Although the structure of siphon drip irrigation bag is simple, its functions are very complete-the siphon drip irrigation bag was successfully designed and tested repeatedly. The principle of siphon is well known, but siphon drip irrigation is not a simple siphon. The following requirements must be met: in order to save water, siphon drip irrigation bags must work stably for a long time. According to the requirements of different crops, drip bags with a volume of 10 liter must be dripped continuously for 2 ~ 30 days. The water used for drip irrigation may contain sediment, suspended impurities or floating impurities; Due to the temperature difference between day and night, bubbles may be generated in the water, which may cause siphon blockage and must be prevented. At the same time, the dripping speed must be controllable and adjustable, for example, for newly planted saplings, it should be dripped slowly, and for big trees, it should be dripped quickly. In the process of drip irrigation, the water level of the water storage bag changes. In the process of changing from full water to low water, the siphon inlet should always be in a reasonable position, so as to ensure continuous drip irrigation. Siphon drip irrigation bag meets these requirements well. Suitable for all kinds of terrain: because the siphon drip irrigation bag does not need to lay pipelines, it has no requirement for terrain, and can be used in plains, mountains, deserts and Gobi desert. In short, drip irrigation can be carried out everywhere people can reach. From the design point of view, siphon drip irrigation bag is mainly suitable for China's national conditions-labor-intensive agriculture and forestry, and its main characteristics are: less investment and large income-compared with the same drip irrigation effect, the investment of siphon drip irrigation bag is only 20% to 40% of that of pipeline drip irrigation. Fruit trees, crops, afforestation, generally about 50 yuan per mu is enough. Taking fruit tree watering as an example, an average of 47 fruit trees are planted per mu. If each fruit tree is equipped with 1 set of siphon drip irrigation bags, each set needs 1.20 yuan, and 56...0 yuan will be invested per mu. If each tree has an average of 0.5 sets (rotation drip irrigation), only 28.20 yuan is needed. Assuming that the average service life is 4 years, each fruit tree needs to be watered twice a year. If it is used for afforestation, it can greatly improve the survival rate of saplings. 1 seedlings were equipped with 1 drip irrigation bags, and the seedlings survived after 30 days of drip irrigation in dry places. The maintenance of young and middle-aged forests is an urgent problem to be solved, and using drip irrigation bags will get twice the result with half the effort.