Edison was a great electrician and inventor. He was born in Mylan, Ohio, USA. He worked in his father's wood factory since he was a child. Due to his family's poverty, he only went to school for three months in his life. But he loved science since he was a child, studied hard, and was obsessed with inventions. He has officially registered 1,328 inventions and is known as the world's king of inventions. His inventions and creations relied not only on ingenuity, but also on arduous scientific practice. For example, when he invented the electric light, he used 200 notebooks just to collect information; in order to find a suitable filament, he used more than 1,600 materials such as copper wire and platinum wire, as well as hair and various bamboos. Finally, a Japanese bamboo filament was selected. After being burned and carbonized, it became the original filament. As he said himself: "Invention is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent blood and sweat."
American inventor. It is famous in history for establishing factory laboratories and pioneering ways to closely integrate technology development and scientific research. Born on February 11, 1847 in Mylan, Ohio, to a Dutch immigrant family. Died on October 18, 1931 in West Orange, New Jersey. He only received 3 months of formal education when he was young. Since the age of 12, he has worked as a newsboy, hawker, and telegraph operator to make a living. Influenced by M. Faraday, he devoted his life to electrical experimental research and invention. In 1868, he invented a vote recorder and tried to sell it to Congress, but it was not adopted. Edison's first invention did not find a market, which made him pay more attention to the practicality of the invention. In 1869, Edison moved to New York from Boston. He improved the telegraph machine of the Golden Indicator Telegraph Company and was appreciated by the company manager. He was employed with a monthly salary of US$300 (which was a very high monthly salary at the time). In 1870, he moved to New Jersey and began his period of efficient invention. The typewriter was improved in 1874. In 1876, a carbon microphone was added to the telephone invented by A.G. Bell to improve the sound of receiving calls.
In 1876, he founded his famous laboratory. In this laboratory, he broke the tradition of individual scientists conducting research alone, and organized a group of specialized talents (including N. Tesla and others) who proposed topics and assigned tasks to work together on a project. invention, thereby creating the correct way for modern scientific research. In 1877, he invented the phonograph, which made him famous all over the world. In 1878, he began research on incandescent lamps. After many failures in more than ten months, he successfully lit an incandescent carbon filament lamp on October 21, 1879, and it lit up stably for two whole days. In 1882, the world's second public thermal power plant was built on Pearl Street, New York, and the electric lighting system in New York City was established, becoming the prototype of the modern power system. The realization of electric lighting not only greatly improved people's production and labor conditions, but also heralded the coming era of electrification of daily life. In 1883, while experimenting with a vacuum light bulb, Edison accidentally discovered that there was an electric current flowing between the hot and cold electrodes. This phenomenon later became known as the Edison effect and became the basis of the tube and electronics industry. In 1887, he moved to West Orange and in the same year founded a larger and more equipped laboratory in the city, the famous Edison Laboratory (later known as the Invention Factory). Here, based on the invention of G. Eastman, his own camera was made. In 1914, the earliest sound film system was made with a phonograph and camera. In his later years, his inventions and innovations included batteries, cement mixers, recording telephones, duplex and multiplex telegraph systems, and railway brakes. During World War I, he served as chairman of the Naval Technical Advisory Committee, directed research on torpedoes and anti-submarine equipment, and invented dozens of weapons. For this reason, the U.S. government awarded him the Distinguished Service Medal in 1920, and the French government awarded him the Legion of Honor. In 1928, the United States Congress awarded him the Medal of Honor. Throughout his life, Edison and his laboratory obtained 1,093 invention patents. Edison invented many inventions in his life, but after all, he lacked systematic scientific knowledge and therefore could not make correct judgments on the development of modern technology.
At the end of the 19th century, the AC transmission system had appeared, but he still insisted on DC transmission, and lost the contract to build the Niagara Hydropower Station in the fierce competition with G. Westinghouse; his laboratory blindly trial-produced magnetic mineral separation equipment, consuming After running out of money from the invention of the electric light, he finally had to give up. However, Edison's contributions to the development of electricity, electrical appliance manufacturing and promotion of the application of electrical energy made him one of the greatest inventors in human history.