Category: Society and people's livelihood; gt; Law
Problem description:
I cannot find the answer to the e-commerce homework in the computer room. I am asking for help. !!!
Analysis:
Types of e-commerce According to the objects in which e-commerce occurs, e-commerce can be divided into four types:
1. B2B (Business organization to business organization e-commerce): Business activities such as placing orders with suppliers, receiving invoices, and making payments between businesses using the Internet or various business networks.
2. B2C (business-to-consumer e-commerce): e-commerce activities between enterprises and consumers. This type of e-commerce is mainly an online sales activity carried out with the help of the Internet.
3. C2A (consumer-to-administrative e-commerce): *** E-commerce activities to individuals. This type of e-commerce activity has not really taken shape yet.
4. B2A (e-commerce between commercial institutions and administrative agencies): e-commerce activities between enterprises and *** institutions. For example, *** publishes procurement details on the Internet, conducts bidding through online bidding, and companies also bid electronically. In addition, *** can also implement administrative affairs management of enterprises through this type of e-commerce. For example, *** uses e-commerce to issue import and export licenses and carry out statistical work. Enterprises can handle tax payments and tax refunds online. wait.
E-commerce classifies e-commerce differently according to the objects involved in e-commerce transactions, the content of goods involved in e-commerce transactions, and the type of network used by enterprises conducting electronic business.
(1) Classification according to the objects involved in the transaction According to the classification of the objects involved in the e-commerce transaction, e-commerce can be divided into the following three types:
1. E-commerce between businesses and consumers (Business to Customer, B TO C). This is a form in which consumers use the Internet to directly participate in economic activities, which is similar to electronic retail commerce. With the emergence of the World Wide Web (WWW), online sales developed rapidly. Currently, there are many various types of virtual stores and virtual enterprises on the Internet, providing various services related to product sales. The goods bought and sold through online stores can be physical, such as books, flowers, clothing, food, cars, televisions, etc.; they can also be digital, such as news, music, movies, databases, software and various knowledge-based goods. ; There are also various services provided, including travel arrangements, online medical diagnosis and distance education, etc.
2. E-commerce between businesses (Business to Business or B TO B). The B TO B method is the most important form of e-commerce application and the most valued by enterprises. Enterprises can use the Internet or other networks to find the best partner for each transaction and complete all transactions from ordering to settlement, including ordering from suppliers. , sign contracts, accept invoices and make payments using electronic funds transfer, letters of credit, bank collections, etc., as well as other issues that occur during the business process such as claims, commodity delivery management and transportation tracking. Business-to-business e-commerce has a large business volume and requires complex hardware and software environments, but it develops fastest based on the success of EDI business.
3. E-commerce in business and government (Business to Government B TO G). This business activity covers all matters between enterprises and *** organizations. For example, various procedures are submitted for approval between the enterprise and ***, *** publishes a purchase list through the Internet, and the enterprise responds electronically: *** completes the approval of the enterprise and electronic transactions through electronic exchange online. Taxation, etc., this has become a means and method for government affairs disclosure by government agencies.
(2) Classification according to the content of goods involved in the transaction If classified according to the content of goods involved in e-commerce transactions, e-commerce mainly includes two types of commercial activities.
1. Indirect e-commerce e-commerce involves electronic ordering of tangible goods, such as flowers, books, food, cars, etc. The goods traded need to be delivered through traditional channels such as postal services and commercial express services. Therefore, indirect e-commerce Business depends on external factors such as transportation systems for delivery.
2. Direct e-commerce E-commerce involves the online ordering, payment and delivery of goods and services that are intangible, such as computer software, entertainment content, or information services on a global scale. Direct e-commerce enables both parties to conduct transactions directly across geographical boundaries and fully tap the potential of the global market. At present, most agricultural websites in our country fall into this category, but this is still direct e-commerce in the true sense.
(3) Classification according to the type of network used in e-commerce. According to the different network type frameworks used by enterprises carrying out e-commerce business, e-commerce can be divided into the following three forms:
1. EDI network e-commerce (Electronic Data Interchange, Electronic Data Interchange). EDI standardizes and formats documents involved in business activities in accordance with a recognized standard and protocol, and performs data exchange and automatic processing between trading partners' computer network systems through computer networks. EDI is mainly used in wholesale business between enterprises, enterprises and wholesalers, wholesalers and retailers. EDI e-commerce has developed greatly in the 1990s and is relatively mature technically. However, because EDI requires high management, capital and technology requirements for enterprises, it is not yet popular.
2. Internet e-commerce (Inter network). It refers to e-commerce activities carried out using the Internet network that connects the world. Various forms of e-commerce business can be carried out on the Internet. It covers a wide range of fields. All enterprises and individuals around the world can participate. It is developing at a rapid speed. , its prospects are very attractive and it is the main form of e-commerce at present.
3. Intranet e-commerce (Intranet). It refers to e-commerce activities carried out within a large enterprise or within an industry, forming a chain of business activities, which can greatly improve work efficiency and reduce business costs. For example, on the homepage of the People's Republic of China and the State Patent Office, customers can query all information and business processes about Chinese patents on this website. This is the application of e-commerce in the office affairs of government agencies; it has been opened in Shanghai The online Nanjing Road street homepage includes the main stores on Nanjing Road. Customers can visit the famous Shanghai Nanjing Road commercial street online and shop in the form of e-commerce in the online Nanjing Road online store; the Beijing Bookstore has started operations The building's homepage is where customers can browse and purchase hundreds of thousands of books operated by Beijing Book Building. Both of the above are forms of e-commerce applications of B TO C. Exhibit. Currently, there are many various types of virtual stores and virtual enterprises on the Internet, providing various services related to product sales. The goods bought and sold through online stores can be physical, such as books, flowers, clothing, food, cars, televisions, etc.; they can also be digital, such as news, music, movies, databases, software and various knowledge-based goods. ; There are also various services provided, including travel arrangements, online medical diagnosis and distance education, etc.
2. E-commerce between businesses (Business to Business or B TO B).
The B TO B method is the most important form of e-commerce application and the most valued by enterprises. Enterprises can use the Internet or other networks to find the best partner for each transaction and complete all transactions from ordering to settlement, including ordering from suppliers. , sign contracts, accept invoices and make payments using electronic funds transfer, letters of credit, bank collections, etc., as well as other issues that occur during the business process such as claims, commodity delivery management and transportation tracking. Business-to-business e-commerce has a large business volume and requires complex hardware and software environments, but it develops fastest based on the success of EDI business.
3. E-commerce in business and government (Business to Government B TO G). This business activity covers all matters between enterprises and *** organizations. For example, various procedures are submitted for approval between the enterprise and ***, *** publishes a purchase list through the Internet, and the enterprise responds electronically: *** completes the approval of the enterprise and electronic transactions through electronic exchange online. Taxation, etc., this has become a means and method for government affairs disclosure by government agencies.
(2) Classification according to the content of goods involved in the transaction If classified according to the content of goods involved in e-commerce transactions, e-commerce mainly includes two types of commercial activities.
1. Indirect e-commerce e-commerce involves electronic ordering of tangible goods, such as flowers, books, food, cars, etc. The goods traded need to be delivered through traditional channels such as postal services and commercial express services. Therefore, indirect e-commerce Business depends on external factors such as transportation systems for delivery.
2. Direct e-commerce E-commerce involves the online ordering, payment and delivery of goods and services that are intangible, such as computer software, entertainment content, or information services on a global scale. Direct e-commerce enables both parties to conduct transactions directly across geographical boundaries and fully tap the potential of the global market. At present, most agricultural websites in our country fall into this category, but this is still direct e-commerce in the true sense.
(3) Classification according to the type of network used in e-commerce. Different frameworks based on the type of network used by enterprises conducting e-commerce business