Toyota hybrid car-magic bone, young people's success
There are only two kinds of hybrids in the world, one is Toyota Hybrid, and the other is other hybrids-this sentence is enough to illustrate the historical position of Toyota Hybrid System (THS). The lofty historical position comes from two aspects:
On the one hand, sales, Toyota Prius is the hybrid car with the highest cumulative sales so far. On the other hand, technology. As one of the earliest manufacturers of mass production models, Toyota directly introduced the most exquisite configuration system nearly 20 years ago. Why don't you succeed when you encounter setbacks? Why did Toyota suddenly find the right way to occupy this technical route through patents? This makes me often admire when studying the history of hybrid configuration!
The most distinctive structure of Toyota Hybrid is the use of planetary gears. Different from the general automobile transmission, it is not a single input and single output, but a double input and single output. What does "hybrid" of hybrid power mean? It is the dual input of engine and motor, and it is a perfect match with planetary gears! The specific technical principle will not be expanded here, only an intuitive schematic diagram and a video that is worth a thousand words are given below.
When the planetary gear mechanism is running, people can feel the beauty of machinery. Only by in-depth study can we know that its fundamental value lies in this.
Students who know engines know that engines have a bad temper. Too high or too low speed, too high or too low torque will lead to a sharp decline in efficiency. Why is mixed fuel more fuel efficient? The simple sentence is "the bad temper of serving the engine well." The fundamental value of Toyota hybrid system is that the engine speed and torque are decoupled at the same time on the premise that the engine can drive the wheels mechanically! Therefore, in terms of system configuration, it has the greatest freedom to "serve the bad temper of the engine". Let's compare Toyota hybrid with other hybrid movements:
Traditional car: at any moment, the speed of the car determines the engine speed (different multiples according to the gear position); The vehicle load (which can be simply understood as the throttle depth) determines the engine torque and is decoupled.
Series hybrid power: the main job of the engine is to drive the motor to generate electricity, which has nothing to do with the speed and vehicle load (decoupling at the same time), but has no mechanical connection with the wheels, which leads to the process of engine power generation-motor discharge, which is inefficient.
Parallel hybrid power: the engine can drive the wheels through mechanical transmission, but the speed of the vehicle determines the engine speed.
Toyota Hybrid: The engine can drive the wheels through mechanical transmission, but the vehicle speed does not determine the engine speed, and the vehicle load does not determine the engine torque.
While other children are still practicing martial arts as long fists, Toyota has picked up the "Jiuyang Shen Gong" and started practicing. No wonder it runs fast and climbs high. Toyota also applied for a patent, so that other children can't practice "Jiuyang Shen Gong", which is really bad!
Of course, some children are named Chevrolet. Because their father (America) is better, they can also practice secretly. Neither Toyota nor Toyota's father dared to say anything. By the way, there is also a very powerful father. He doesn't care about patents at all, let children practice them. It's a pity that none of the children in this family found the book "Jiuyang Shen Gong"-the planetary gear can't be processed, and it's also a sigh.
Honda hybrids-thick accumulation and thin hair, eventually become great musical instruments.
Back to the topic, Toyota's hybrid configuration is perfect except that it is slightly insufficient at high speed. Honda, the "technical house", lost at the starting line, so it is difficult to find another way in configuration, so the momentum and sales volume have been far from each other, and there is really no way.
Honda's i-MMD system is simple in configuration and is a typical P 1+P3 hybrid, which can work in pure electric drive mode, hybrid drive mode and engine drive mode. In terms of configuration, the only advantage of i-MMD system is that it runs faster than Toyota Hybrid in engine direct drive mode. However, we didn't buy a hybrid to run at high speed. ...
Due to the disadvantage of configuration, is the Honda hybrid of the technical house destined to be suppressed? That's not Honda's "technical house" character. Honda is taking an invisible road-since there is an inevitable gap in configuration, I will work hard on every component of the configuration! The so-called hybrid power is ultimately to "serve the bad temper of the engine." Then I can change the bad temper of the engine, improve the motor and battery, and make the calibration work more detailed. Finally, I can achieve my goal.
I have to say that this road is more difficult and there is more work to be done. However, this "technical house" of Honda is like Guo Jing in martial arts novels. Step by step accumulation, eventually become a generation of heroes.
A) engine
The newly developed 2.0L Atkinson engine for hybrid system adopts VTEC technology, and the cam phase can be changed, so that the Atkinson cycle is controlled in the best state, and the fuel economy of the previous generation 2.0L engine for hybrid system is improved 10%. This is the world's highest thermal efficiency mass production engine, reaching a horrible 38.9%.
The efficient PCU (power control unit) matched with the engine has also achieved high integration, miniaturization and light weight. Lightweight is the most effective way to improve energy efficiency.
B) motor system and battery system
Honda engineers changed the round copper wire of the original motor into square copper wire, and optimized the winding density of copper wire, which not only reduced the volume and weight of the new motor by 23%, but also increased the power by 1 1 kW and the torque by 8 Nm. The volume and weight of the new generation PCU power control unit are also reduced by 23% and 28% respectively, and it can be directly installed in the gearbox. IPU intelligent power unit is also reduced by 1 1% compared with the previous generation, and its weight is reduced by 6%. Considering all the factors, the whole system has been greatly improved in volume and weight compared with the previous generation system.
It's a technical house, and the motor and battery are well done.
C) comprehensive energy efficiency
Having said so many details, in the end, our focus is on one indicator: who runs farther per liter of gasoline, Honda or Toyota?
Is the bone demon slightly better, or is it the last laugh?
According to the test results of Japanese energy department, the hybrid fuel efficiency of Accord is 30 km/L gasoline, and the comprehensive output power is 158 kW. Camry blends gasoline with fuel efficiency of 23.4 km/L, and its comprehensive output power is 15 1 kW. In other words, the Accord hybrid is not only more powerful, but also more economical.
The fuel consumption measured according to domestic standards is 4.2L/ 100km, which is quite good.
Accord hybrid, i-MMD, P 1+P3 configuration, is used to the extreme, and the engine with the highest thermal efficiency is used. So much work has been done to lighten the weight, and the comprehensive energy efficiency is better than that of Camry hybrid. I believe. But can the gap reach 30%? I can't draw a conclusion because I don't know the test conditions, test methods and other details.
Plug-in hybrid, hybrid, pure electric, stupid and confused, how to buy it?
Judging from the tone of the subject's question, it should be that students who are concerned about new energy vehicles but don't know much about the technical details are likely to buy new energy vehicles at the same time. Then, I will do a popular science here and compare several different new energy vehicles on the market.
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV): The ultimate energy source of both Toyota hybrid and Honda hybrid is gasoline, and the electric energy in the battery is also generated by the engine burning gasoline to generate electricity. Fuel consumption is much lower than that of traditional fuel vehicles. Some areas also have subsidies for new energy vehicles. One of the characteristics of hybrid cars is that they are as convenient to use as traditional cars, and there is no need to consider charging; The purchase cost is also lower than plug-in hybrid.
Pure electric (EV): Without an engine, the ultimate energy source is electric energy. Electricity is very cheap, but its disadvantage is its low cruising range. Sometimes I don't eat until I have a chance to recharge. There are subsidies, tens of thousands of subsidies.
Plug-in Hybrid Power (PHEV): It is equivalent to the combination of hybrid power and pure electric power. The hybrid car is equipped with a large battery, which can be charged or burned with oil. Considering the part of pure electric drive, the fuel consumption is lower than that of hybrid. But because the battery is more expensive, the purchase cost is the highest. However, PHEV requires car owners to find a place to charge every day, otherwise, the fuel consumption will be higher because the car weighs more than HEV. According to news reports, many owners of BYD Qin never charge their batteries. ...