1, aqueous solution is a cutting fluid with water as the main component. Water has good thermal conductivity and cooling effect, but pure water is easy to rust metals and has poor lubrication performance. Therefore, a certain amount of additives, such as antirust additives, surface active substances and oily additives, are often added to the aqueous solution to make it have good antirust performance and certain lubricating performance. Special attention should be paid to water quality when preparing aqueous solution. If it is hard water, it must be softened.
2. Emulsion emulsion is a milky white or translucent liquid made by diluting emulsified oil with 95% ~ 98% water, which has good cooling effect. However, the lubricating and antirust properties are poor. Usually, a certain amount of oily, extreme pressure additives and antirust additives are added to make extreme pressure emulsion or antirust emulsion.
3. Cutting oil The main component of cutting oil is mineral oil, and a few use animal oil or compound oil. Pure mineral oil can't form solid lubrication and rust prevention at the friction interface.
Selection of cutting fluid
1) Selection of cutting fluid in rough machining When rough machining, the machining allowance is large, the cutting amount used is large, and a lot of cutting heat is generated. When cutting with high-speed steel milling cutter, the main purpose of using cutting fluid is to reduce cutting temperature and milling cutter wear. Carbide tools have good heat resistance, generally do not need cutting fluid, and low-concentration emulsion or water solution can be used when necessary. However, it must be poured continuously and fully to avoid cracks caused by excessive internal stress in cemented carbide blades at high temperature.
2) Selection of cutting fluid during finishing When finishing, the surface roughness is required to be small, and cutting fluid with good lubrication performance is generally selected, such as high-concentration emulsion or cutting oil containing extreme pressure additives.
3) Select cutting fluid according to the properties of workpiece materials. Cutting fluid is needed when cutting plastic materials. When cutting brittle materials such as cast iron and brass, cutting fluid is generally not used to avoid the broken chips adhering to the moving parts of the machine tool. When machining high-strength steel, high-temperature alloy and other difficult-to-machine materials, the cutting fluid containing extreme pressure additives should be selected because the cutting process is in the state of extreme pressure lubrication and friction. When cutting nonferrous metals, copper and aluminum alloys, in order to obtain high surface quality and accuracy, emulsion of 10% ~ 20%, kerosene or mixture of kerosene and mineral oil can be used. However, sulfur-containing cutting fluid cannot be used because sulfur has corrosive effect on non-ferrous metals. When cutting magnesium alloy, water solution should not be used to avoid burns. Sanjin lubricating oil asks for an answer, thank you.