First, advantages:
1, low fuel consumption
Like gasoline cars, they refuel at gas stations, but because of low fuel consumption, they seldom refuel, so there is no need to change their usage habits, and the fuel economy is high. When starting and accelerating, it can be driven only by battery with the assistance of motor, which reduces fuel consumption.
2. Low noise
The dynamic performance is better than that of pure diesel locomotive with the same displacement, and the mechanical noise inside the locomotive is reduced.
3. Advanced technology
Instead of using the traditional gearbox, a coupling unit with planetary gear structure called "ECVT" is used.
4. Environmental protection
One of the biggest advantages of hybrid vehicles compared with fuel vehicles is that they are cleaner and more fuel efficient. Compared with fuel vehicles, hybrid vehicles can travel longer distances with the same fuel consumption.
5. Tax and fee advantages
Hybrid electric vehicles can enjoy state subsidy programs (such as Europe and America), and the taxes and fees are low or free during use.
6. Production cost
Hybrid electric vehicles reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, save operating costs for users, and are less affected by rising fuel prices.
7. Regenerative braking
Every braking of hybrid electric vehicle is a process of energy recovery. The kinetic energy of the vehicle can be partially converted into electric energy and stored in the battery. It can also be used as a steep slope descent function under continuous downhill road conditions, reducing the use of braking systems and ensuring driving safety to a certain extent.
8. High maintenance rate
With the increase of gasoline price, fuel vehicles become high consumables, which leads to a large number of users turning to hybrid vehicles. In the second-hand car market, the depreciation of fuel vehicles is serious, while the preservation rate of hybrid vehicles is high.
Second, the shortcomings:
1, high price
The cost of hybrid engine is higher than that of gasoline engine, and the hybrid version of the same model is more expensive than that of gasoline engine.
2. The monopoly is serious
Due to the technical monopoly of ECVT, other manufacturers have no choice.
3. Lack of motivation
Because hybrid electric vehicles use two or more power sources, in order to install two power systems in the engine compartment, it is inevitable to use engines with smaller volume and power. For example, the motor+three-cylinder engine mode, which is widely used at present, is not as good as the traditional fuel vehicle in continuous power output performance, and it is difficult to achieve at high speed.
4. Maintenance cost
Although hybrid cars are reliable enough, due to the low popularity, there are few repair shops that can repair and maintain hybrid cars, especially in third-tier and below cities, which leads to driving to other places every time.
Development status of hybrid electric vehicles;
The concept and patent authorization of hybrid power technology were disclosed for the first time in China National Patent Office. At the end of 1990s, the application and development of electric bicycles in China just started. The technical bottleneck of electric vehicles is first exposed, that is, the energy of batteries is limited, which leads to extremely limited power and mileage of vehicles.
1997 65438+1On October 27th, the State Patent Office accepted the first patent application for hybrid electric vehicles in China (and used the Chinese terms and technical concepts of hybrid electric vehicles for the first time), and was authorized by the State Patent Office on July 7th. 1998 was published. Due to the restriction of China's economic development level and manufacturing conditions at that time, this new concept and technology had no chance to develop in China.
At present, all major automobile groups in China are developing hybrid vehicles, most of which are hybrid buses. This research and development direction is in line with China's national conditions, which is beneficial to the research and development of electric vehicles in China.
At the same time, new energy vehicles, as the main development direction of future automobiles, have been supported and encouraged by the state. For example, policies and documents such as "Automobile Industry Development Policy" and "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" encourage the development of clean cars, alternative fuels and automobile fuel-saving technologies.