Suggestions on improving the localization rate of automobile instrument chips and enhancing the autonomy and controllability of domestic automobile supply chain
China has become the largest automobile market in the world. The trend of electrification and intelligence has greatly promoted the number of automotive chips, and the localization of automotive chips has a scale foundation. However, there are still some problems such as small scale of vehicle application, long period of vehicle code certification, low added value of technology and high dependence on upstream industries. Combining the development of China's consumer electronics industry and the experience of Japanese and Korean car gauge chip industry chain construction, it is one of the powerful ways to improve the localization rate of car gauge chips and enhance the autonomous controllability of automobile industry chain and supply chain through industrial support policies in the future. It is difficult to promote the localization of automotive chips only by the market, and it is necessary to form a strategy of government-led, car-enterprise alliance and key support for head chip enterprises.
Representative Chen Hong suggested that, on the basis of supporting policies for consumer-grade chip enterprises, we should increase support for the automotive-grade chip industry, so that vehicle and parts enterprises can "be willing to use, dare to use and take the initiative". Introduce support policies focusing on automotive chips, including investment subsidies for R&D and production lines at all levels, subsidies for the first application, etc., to reduce enterprise investment and product prices; Insurance companies are encouraged to design product liability insurance to ensure the application of domestic chips in the whole vehicle and reduce the application risks of the whole vehicle, system and chip companies.
It is suggested to formulate a "two-step" top-level design route to realize the power conversion from the outside to the inside of automotive chip enterprises. In the first step, the OEM and the system supplier * * * jointly promote and support the key chip enterprises, and help the chip enterprises to solve the problem of localization of automobile-grade chips with low technical threshold first, so as to enhance their system capability of localization of automobile-grade chips; The second step is mainly promoted by chip suppliers to form an endogenous power mechanism for chip suppliers and solve the problem of localization of automotive chips with high technical threshold.
It is suggested that for specific high-tech threshold chips, major joint research projects of whole vehicles, systems and chips should be promoted, and the government and enterprises should share R&D funds, enjoy patents and occupy the commanding heights of future industries. Set up major joint research projects and concentrate on supporting projects with clear technical routes but weak technical reserves, broad application prospects and huge initial investment. The government or the head enterprises take the lead in supply and demand, share R&D funds, enjoy patents, and build a demand-driven collaborative innovation chain.
Suggestions on strengthening automobile data security and privacy protection in digital ecological environment
In 2020, the total car sales in China will reach 25.32 million, among which the proportion of intelligent networked cars with certain automatic driving assistance function will increase rapidly. According to the estimation of relevant research institutions, a self-driving test vehicle can generate as much as 10TB of data every day, including dozens of categories such as vehicle driving data, body data, control data, video data, image data and coordinate data. The data of intelligent networked vehicles mainly comes from data acquisition outside the vehicle, data acquisition inside the vehicle and remote data transmission and exchange, which has the characteristics of "large quantity and many types".
In the process of data collection and use, there are some problems, such as unclear responsibility and specification requirements of data collection and storage, unclear requirements of data commercial use, insufficient prevention of data leakage, and insufficient punishment for data violation. Therefore, based on the actual situation of the industry, we should focus on building an intelligent networked automobile data security system, promote the research and formulation of laws and regulations related to data security and personal privacy protection, and increase protection efforts.
Representative Chen Hong suggested that an access system should be established, and the collection, storage and commercial use of intelligent networked automobile data (including high-precision map data) should be handed over to relevant state departments for record management. Only intelligent networked automobile products that meet the requirements of data security and privacy protection can enter the automobile announcement catalogue.
It is suggested to strengthen data privacy protection. Intelligent networked automobile enterprises have the obligation to inform about possible privacy risks, and give users the freedom to choose when collecting, using, transferring and deleting data. At the same time, enterprises also need to improve the security of software, separate data from personal identity when analyzing and processing data, and anonymize data to ensure data security. Users should have the right to choose whether personal data can be used and the specific purpose of using it.
It is suggested to formulate a process review system, requiring intelligent networked automobile manufacturing and sales enterprises to establish a complete data security management and software upgrade process. At the same time, referring to the Internet information management system, the digital services provided by intelligent networked vehicles also need to be supervised and reviewed by government departments, and the exit of sensitive data and personal privacy data involved should be clearly defined.
It is recommended to severely punish violations of laws and regulations and strictly enforce laws and regulations on data security and personal information protection. Punishment measures and group compensation mechanisms should be formulated for acts that endanger or abuse data related to national security and user privacy.
Suggestions on accelerating the policy support of hydrogen fuel cell automobile industry and helping the green and low-carbon development of automobile industry
China put forward the carbon-neutral timetable for peak carbon dioxide emissions in 2030 and 2060, which is a strategic decision to coordinate the overall situation of domestic and international development, implement the new development concept and build a new development pattern. At present, carbon emissions are mainly contributed by fossil energy, and hydrogen energy is generally considered as an important solution for decarbonization and clean energy in the future. As an important use scene of hydrogen energy and the ultimate green product of transportation, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have been developed independently for many years, and their main key technologies have approached the international mainstream level, and have entered the primary stage of commercial application. Once widely commercialized, it will make a great contribution to the peak process of carbon dioxide emission in transportation industry.
However, the development of hydrogen energy industry is surrounded by the existing laws and policies, and the development of hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogen transportation and hydrogenation is restricted by the existing laws and policies. Compared with the regulations and policies of energy management such as transportation fuel and natural gas, the current management of hydrogen energy is mainly "one size fits all", and hydrogen energy is generally managed with reference to dangerous chemicals, which increases many obstacles and costs for the commercial application of hydrogen energy, resulting in a sharp increase in the cost of hydrogen energy from manufacturing to use, which is not conducive to the rapid growth of emerging strategic industries.
Therefore, the representative of Chen Hong suggested that a unified strategic plan for hydrogen energy in China should be formed at the national level as soon as possible. Formulate a roadmap for the strategic development of hydrogen energy in China from the national level, and clarify the phased objectives and key points of step-by-step implementation; Secondly, it is necessary to establish and improve the management system and mechanism, clarify the competent departments, establish a strong inter-departmental coordination mechanism, and coordinate the implementation of the hydrogen energy strategy.
It is suggested to make a breakthrough in the policies and regulations of hydrogen energy management. For example, for the whole industrial chain of hydrogen energy, special laws and policies will be formed separately, and the approval and supervision process will be as similar as possible to fuel gasoline and diesel.
It is suggested to expand the scope of emission reduction projects under quota management and the pilot scope of carbon trading in the national carbon emission trading market, and to include industrial by-product hydrogen purification, renewable energy hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling station projects in the scope of emission reduction projects, so as to enter the national carbon emission trading market, improve the benefit scope of green hydrogen production projects, and guide the society's investment enthusiasm for green hydrogen production projects.
The representative of Chen Hong also suggested that the demonstration city group of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles should be given a special subsidy for a certain period of time to use green hydrogen (hydrogen energy generated by renewable energy).
Suggestions on perfecting the policy system of "separation of vehicle and electricity" business model of new energy vehicles
The business model of "separation of vehicle and electricity" of new energy vehicles is the direction encouraged by the state, which mainly includes two operating modes: quick change and non-quick change. Quick change technology is more suitable for operating vehicles such as taxis, mainly to solve the mileage problem. The main feature of "non-quick-change electric separation mode" is that the frequency of changing electricity is low, usually once every 2-3 years. Battery replacement can be realized based on the existing 4S shop after-sales maintenance equipment, without huge investment, and the compatible quick replacement mode is feasible, and the market prospect will be broader.
Deputy Chen Hong suggested that the state should encourage the popularization and application of the "separation of vehicles and electricity" mode of non-quick change and quick change to promote the development of new energy vehicles; Relevant state departments have conducted collaborative research, comprehensively sorted out the mode of "separation of vehicles and electricity" and issued perfect management policies. The smooth implementation of the "separation of vehicles and electricity" model involves product announcement, vehicle registration, taxation, insurance and other links. It is suggested that the relevant ministries and commissions of the state should improve the corresponding policies and processes to speed up the application of "separation of vehicles and electricity" in view of the difficulty in popularizing different "separation of vehicles and electricity" modes.