The electronic organ was first invented by an American inventor in the late 192s, and was manufactured and put on the market in the 193s. In 1959, Japan produced the world's first vertical Electone, named Electone, which has a three-layer keyboard.
in p>27, the electone we are familiar with is the Japanese EL series produced after 1991. Japan is the main producer of electone, and it is also the place where the corresponding talents gather.
electone is very popular in Taiwan Province, but it started late in mainland China. Until 199, Shenyang Conservatory of Music took the lead in opening the undergraduate major of electone, and Professor Shen Xiaoming made great contributions to the popularization of electone in mainland China.
in p>1934, Lawrence Hammond, an American, invented the double-row key and applied for a patent. The first electone, composed of electronic components, weighed about 1 tons and was as big as a room. Although clumsy, it has entered the historical stage of musical instruments with a brand-new look. Electone's English name is Electronic organ, which is literally translated as electronic organ.
In p>195, Matsushita Corporation of Japan successfully manufactured a double-row key after buying a patent for the production of double-row keys. Nine years later, Yamaha Company of Japan successfully developed the world's first transistor double-row key, named Electone. Japanese electronics giants and some countries such as Europe and America favored electone, which led to the rapid formation of professional education system in electone. In the 197s, hundreds of foreign universities included the teaching of electronic musical instruments, including double-row keys, in their official courses.
The main difference between organ and electone:
Structure: The structure of organ is extremely complicated, and there is no fixed specification. Generally, it consists of two parts: keyboard system and sound tube system. The world's largest organ is more than ten meters high, with more than 3, sound pipes and seven-layer keyboards. It makes a grand sound when playing. Electone usually has a vertical piano body, two or three rows of hand keyboards, a row of foot keyboards, and one or two pedals.
playing method: playing the organ in early days usually requires two partners, one playing and the other blowing. Later, the scale of the organ became larger and larger, and relying on manpower to blow air was too much, so a more complicated keyboard mechanical structure was developed. But the playing method on the keyboard is similar to other keyboard instruments; Manipulating a electone requires the cooperation of many parts of the human body. Usually, the right hand plays the main melody, the left hand plays the sub-melody or chord, the right foot controls the volume pedal or the sustain pedal, the left foot controls the keyboard to make accompaniment bass, and the knees of both feet can also control the effect of switching timbre. Playing a song requires whole body movement, and it pays attention to the unity and coordination of all parts of the body.
Pronunciation principle: When fingers strike the keys of the organ, the keys will drive a linkage rod made of oak, which is connected to a linkage rod shaped like a pipe, and the pipe is connected to a piston. Therefore, after pressing the key, the piston will open and send the air flow to the nozzle of the piano tube. Here are two air bags with the same shape. The air flow from these two air bags will soon enter the wooden pipe. We call it the air supply pipe, and the air flow will go all the way to the bellows. After the air duct sends the air flow into the bellows, when the player presses the key, a small piston will open, at this time, the air will pass through the nozzle, and then the air flow will enter the piano tube to play music; Electone's performance consists of two stages: pre-production before performance and "full body movement" on the spot.
Double-row key performance:
Double-row key performance can be said to be a "one-man band", which, like single-row keys, is actually imitating the timbre of real musical instruments, which puts high demands on double-row key players: they must improve their performance level and make imitating real musical instruments "spirit likeness" as their playing direction. In addition, when we make music with double-row keys, we should not only consider the playing techniques of double-row keys, but also grasp the harmony and style characteristics of music.