So what is the working principle of the voltage regulator? Presumably you don't know this, or even what it means. Now let's have a look. I just used it at home some time ago and am struggling. Now I don't understand. Worth learning! Friendly reminder: one. The classification of voltage regulators can be divided into three types according to different voltage regulation methods: electronic induction oil regulator, dry contact regulator (direct regulator and compensation regulator).
Dry contactless voltage regulator (usually with compensation)
Two. Classification of voltage regulator: According to the different classification of power supply environment, it can be divided into single-phase AC voltage regulator and three-phase AC voltage regulator. Taking dry contact voltage regulator as an example, the working principle of voltage regulator is analyzed: the principle analysis of single-phase AC voltage regulator 1. Principle analysis of single-phase SVC direct voltage regulator
Point A is the input side of single-phase voltage regulator, and point B is the output side of single-phase voltage regulator. In fact, this kind of direct voltage regulator is made by using the principle of autotransformer. In the figure, the AN side is the input side of autotransformer, and the BN side is the output side of autotransformer. If the input voltage is higher than the output set value of 220V, the autotransformer will work in the step-down state, and if the input voltage is lower than 220V, the autotransformer will work in the step-up state. (As shown in the figure, it is in a step-down state. )
This regulator is different from autotransformer, and the input point A can slide from 0V to 250V at will. In this way, the input point of the input voltage can be adjusted at any time to meet the constant output voltage. Generally speaking, the point A on the input side is called the sliding arm, which is driven by the motor through the deceleration device, and the steering of the motor is controlled by the voltage stabilizing control circuit. The sampling circuit of the regulator always monitors the voltage between the two output points of the regulator. When the output voltage rises, the motor is controlled to step down the autotransformer (as shown in Figure 2). When the output voltage reaches the required voltage, the motor stops moving. On the contrary, the control circuit controls the motor to rotate in the direction of lifting the autotransformer. (Figure 3) Stop when the required voltage is reached. The capacity of this voltage regulator is entirely borne by the autotransformer whose output voltage can be a transformer, but due to the influence of its manufacturing process, it can not be made very large and can only adapt to low power occasions. In order to increase the power of the voltage regulator, it is necessary to add a compensation transformer to realize the power expansion of the voltage regulator. 2. Principle analysis of single-phase compensation voltage regulator.
The above picture shows the schematic diagram of single-phase AC voltage regulator with compensation. It is mainly composed of voltage regulating transformer T 1 and compensation transformer T2. As can be seen from the figure, the low-voltage side coil of the compensation transformer is connected in series in the main loop of the voltage regulator, so the main energy output by this voltage regulator is directly added to the output load through the low-voltage side coil of the compensation transformer. As long as the wire diameter of the secondary winding of the compensation transformer is made large enough, the power of the regulator can be made large. As long as the voltage regulating transformer T 1 bears the difference between the input voltage and the output voltage, the power of the voltage regulating transformer T 1 is often a fraction of the actual capacity of the voltage regulator, which is determined by the ratio of the voltage regulator. Let's analyze its working principle: the voltage regulating transformer is mainly used to provide compensation voltage, and the magnitude and direction of this compensation voltage can be changed according to the movement of the sliding arm of the voltage regulating transformer, so that the compensation voltage with variable magnitude and direction can be obtained at the low voltage side of the compensation transformer, and this voltage will be vector superimposed with the voltage provided by the input terminal. Stabilize the output voltage at the required set point. For example, if the input voltage is U 1=240V and the output voltage is required to be stable at UO=220V, there is the following equation: UO = U1-△ U.
That is to say, the direction of △U is opposite to that of U 1, and the size is exactly 20V. The input voltage is U 1=200V, and the output voltage is required to be stable at UO=220V v. Then there is the following equation: uo = u1+△ u.
That is to say, the direction of △U should be the same as that of U 1, and the size is exactly 20V. As can be seen from the above formula, the compensation voltage △U is transmitted from the voltage regulating transformer to the high-voltage side of the compensation transformer, and then induced to the low-voltage side of the compensation transformer through the iron core, and then superimposed with the input voltage vector. The compensation transformer is mainly responsible for transmitting compensation voltage, and the voltage regulating transformer is responsible for providing compensation voltage whose direction and size can be changed. Let's analyze how the voltage regulating transformer changes the direction and magnitude of the compensation voltage: As can be seen from Figure 5, point C.D of the voltage regulating transformer is connected across the voltage of 220V V .. and point E is just the center point of the voltage regulating transformer. Assuming that the sliding arm stops at point C, the voltage applied to the high-voltage side of the compensation transformer at point F is higher than that at point G, and the current flows from point F to point G. When the sliding arm stops at point D (as shown in Figure 6), the voltage applied to the high-voltage side of the compensation transformer is higher at point G and the current flows from point G to point F. Thus, the compensation voltage applied to the compensation transformer changes direction. Then how to change the compensation voltage of the voltage regulating transformer is of course realized by the movement of the sliding arm. When the sliding arm is far away from the center point e of the voltage regulating transformer, the voltage obtained at the high voltage sides f and g of the compensation transformer is higher, and vice versa. When the input voltage of the regulator is exactly 220V and the sliding arm moves to point E, the compensation voltage between point F and point G is 0. The low end of the compensation transformer neither increases nor decreases. The output voltage is that magnitude of the input voltage. Four. Working principle of three-phase voltage regulator: The three-phase voltage regulator actually connects three voltage stabilizing units in a Y-shaped connection mode. Then the control circuit board and motor drive system are used to control the voltage regulating transformer to achieve the function of stabilizing the output voltage. If the sliding arms of three voltage-regulating transformers are all driven by a motor, the voltage-regulating mode is unified voltage regulator. If the sliding arms of three voltage-regulating transformers are independently adjusted by three motors, the voltage regulator is a three-phase split voltage regulator. Their working principle is exactly the same as that of single-phase regulator. Five. How to ensure continuous output of voltage regulator
In the process of voltage regulation, the number of contact coils is changed by moving the carbon brush to realize voltage regulation. Then, it is required to keep contact with the coil all the time during the adjustment. Otherwise, there will be power failure. How to keep continuous output of voltage regulator?
1. The carbon brush must have a certain thickness. 2. When the carbon brush has not completely removed the contacted coil, the carbon brush has contacted another coil. 3. In the process of moving, two turns (at least two turns) must be bridged.
4. In the operation of voltage regulator, turn-to-turn short circuit always exists. The thicker the carbon brush, the more short-circuit turns. Therefore, the thickness of the carbon brush of the voltage regulator is different according to the wire diameter of the voltage regulator. 5. Because the turn-to-turn short circuit is harmful, it will cause short-circuit circulation, so it should be controlled. Therefore, the turning point voltage of the voltage regulator is generally below 1V, and the turning point voltage of the ordinary high-power voltage regulator is 0.8-0.9V, and the small power is even smaller, generally between 0.4-0.7V If the turning point voltage is too high, the stability of the voltage regulator will deteriorate and it will be easy to burn out. How to use the voltage regulator: My family just encountered such a problem some time ago. This is an ordinary household single-phase svc AC voltage regulator.
Moved by the carbon brush. 220v is the 220v output after the voltage stabilizing function of the voltage stabilizer.
There is also 1 10v, that is, the input voltage of the regulated 1 10v plug is unstable, and the green indicator light will generally light up after power-on.
The output table shows that 220v is normal.