The development of global smart agriculture has mainly experienced three stages, namely, germination stage, rapid development stage and large-scale application stage.
Germination: Since the late 1970s, European and American countries, represented by the United States, have taken the lead in the application research of agricultural informatization and intelligence, and the application of agricultural informatization, represented by agricultural expert system (using new technology, combining agricultural knowledge and expert experience to provide relevant consulting services for agricultural producers and operators), has begun to sprout in the field of agricultural production. In 1980s, China began to develop agricultural expert system, which mainly included crop cultivation, pest control, production management and water-saving irrigation.
Rapid development period: In 1990s, agricultural information technology and computer vision technology developed rapidly, making agricultural robots a new development direction. "China 863 Computer Agriculture" is a typical project of this technology application demonstration, which not only promotes the development of rural areas in China and the process of agricultural modernization, but also provides advanced experience and typical reference models for developing countries all over the world.
Scale application period: 2 1 century. With the continuous development of industrialization and urbanization in various countries, the rural labor force is in short supply, and the world is facing problems such as structural imbalance and aging, which provides space for the rapid development of agricultural robots, precision agriculture and other fields. During this period, the combination of picking robot and computer vision technology has made the automatic fruit sorting system widely used, and the plant protection technology of UAV has also been developed. The continuous application of new technologies has promoted the development of smart agriculture and formed a new form of agricultural development. From the social environment, the agricultural labor force is constantly shifting to other industries, and the structural shortage and aging trend have become global problems. In addition, the governments and organizations of major countries and regions in the world have successively launched digital agriculture and rural development plans. The United States builds an artificial intelligence strategy implementation framework and proposes a smart agriculture research plan; The European Union released Horizon 2020, proposing to use Earth observation technology to build a smart service platform for small farmers. The European Agricultural Machinery Association put forward Agriculture 4.0, which is characterized by the application of modern information technology and advanced agricultural machinery and equipment. Germany introduced "organic agriculture-prospect strategy" and so on. The global macro-environment also shows that global smart agriculture has entered a period of large-scale application.
2. Demand-driven transformation from traditional agriculture to smart agriculture.
According to United Nations calculations, by 2050, there will be 9.7 billion people in the world, about 2 billion more than in 2020. According to the forecast of FAO, between 20 10 and 2050, the global agricultural output will increase by 69% to meet the demand. Due to urban migration and aging population, agricultural labor is becoming more and more scarce. Increasing climate change is changing the growth conditions in an unpredictable way, and the resources and biodiversity of the earth are decreasing. Therefore, in the next few decades, agriculture will become very important, and it must be able to meet the growing population demand. In addition, the food industry currently accounts for 30% of the world's energy consumption and 22% of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the challenge is not only to produce more food, but also to produce food sustainably. This is why farmers and agribusiness enterprises turn to the Internet of Things and intelligent agricultural technology to improve their analysis and productivity. Intelligent agriculture is increasingly becoming a necessary way to optimize and protect human and natural resources. All countries in the world are accelerating the layout of smart agriculture and deepening the application of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and other technologies in the agricultural field.
According to the latest statistics of FAO, from 2065438 to 2020, the global agricultural output value showed an increasing trend. In 2020, the global agricultural output value will reach 3.98 trillion yuan, of which Asia will provide nearly half. According to the data of global agricultural output in previous years, the global agricultural output value exceeded 4 trillion in 20021year.
Judging from the agricultural penetration rate of the digital economy, next-generation information technologies such as big data and cloud computing are widely used in middle-and high-income countries, and the digital transformation of traditional industries has deepened. In 2020, the penetration rate of digital economy agriculture in high-income countries will reach 12.5%, and the penetration rate of digital agriculture economy in China will be 8.9%, which is still far from high-income countries. In 20021year, the penetration rate of the primary industry of global digital economy was 8.39%.
3. China has the most patents related to smart agriculture.
Search for keywords such as "smart agriculture" and "agricultural Internet of Things" through Wisdom Bud Patent Network. The search scope includes patent titles, abstracts and claims. There are 65 14 related patents in the world. Among them, China has the largest number of related patent applications, with 4679, accounting for 7 1.8% of the global applications. Secondly, the country with a large number of applications is India, with 598 applications, accounting for 9.2%.
4. Intelligent technology promotes the growth of global intelligent agriculture market.
Smart agriculture has become the general trend of modern agriculture development in the world today, and governments and organizations in major countries and regions have successively launched digital agriculture and rural development plans. The United States set up an artificial intelligence strategy implementation framework and proposed a smart agriculture research plan. The European Union released Horizon 2020, proposing to use Earth observation technology to build a smart service platform for small farmers. The European Agricultural Machinery Association put forward Agriculture 4.0, which is characterized by the application of modern information technology and advanced agricultural machinery and equipment. Germany issued "Organic Agriculture-Prospect Strategy", which clearly developed smart agriculture based on the basic concept of "Industry 4.0". Dutch digital strategy defines the application of digital technology in open agriculture, precision agriculture, greenhouse gardening, animal husbandry, food quality and safety and production chain. Japan released the "New Robot Strategy" and launched the "Next Generation Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Industry Creation Technology" based on intelligent machinery +IT.
The smart agriculture market has achieved remarkable growth in the past few years, which is mainly due to the progress and implementation of artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other technologies in smart agriculture, and the increasing pressure on the food supply system caused by the rapid population growth. Modern agricultural technology and aquaculture monitoring technology have been paid more and more attention. According to the research data released by BIS research, the global smart agriculture market will be about $654.38+0.24 billion in 2020, and will increase to $654.38+0.47 billion in 2026.5438+0. It is expected that the global smart agriculture market will continue to maintain a high growth trend in the future. By 2027, the global smart agriculture market is expected to exceed $40 billion.
For more research and analysis of this industry, please refer to the Analysis Report on the Development Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning of Smart Agriculture in China by Forward-looking Industry Research Institute.