The following are China's scientific and technological achievements in 2006 found online:
On March 19, the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced its top ten important innovation achievements in 2006. The Loongson 2E general-purpose 64-bit processor was selected. The Chinese Academy of Sciences said that the Loongson 2E general-purpose 64-bit processor is currently the highest-performing general-purpose processor in the world outside the United States and Japan.
On March 19, the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced its top ten important innovation achievements in 2006. They are:
1. EAST fully superconducting non-circular cross-section tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device
On September 26, 2006, the EAST superconducting tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device, a national major scientific project invested and constructed by the National Development and Reform Commission, was in progress. During the first day of the physical discharge experiment, a high-temperature plasma discharge with a current greater than 200 kA and a duration of nearly 3 seconds was successfully obtained. This marked the world's first fully superconducting non-circular cross-section tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device. It has been first built in China and officially put into operation.
2. New progress in experimental and theoretical research on the controllability of nanometer quantum structures
The research group of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences focuses on the basic issues of nanoelectronic devices. In the past, it has explored nanostructures, assembly rules and physical properties of unit devices. has had an international impact in the past few years. In 2006, a series of important progress was achieved, and systematic work was gradually formed.
3. Drawing a distribution map of cosmic rays in the sky and discovering that the distribution of cosmic rays is anisotropic and the movement patterns of cosmic rays
In the October 20, 2006 issue of "Science" magazine, according to the study of sheep in Tibet, my country A systematic analysis of the experimental data of nearly 40 billion observation cases obtained by the "Tibetan Atmospheric Shower Detector Array" of the Yai Cosmic Ray Observatory and accumulated over nearly nine years was jointly published by physicists from China and Japan. The latest results on the anisotropy of high-energy cosmic rays and the co-rotation of cosmic ray plasma, interstellar gas matter and stars around the center of the Milky Way. The cutting-edge progress of these experimental observations was hailed by the reviewer as "the most advanced in the field of cosmic ray research". "milestone" important achievement.
4. Major breakthroughs have been made in the development and industrial testing of low-carbon olefins technology from methanol
The "Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences" cooperated with Shaanxi Xinxing Coal Chemical Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Sinopec Group Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company The industrial pilot project "Technology Development of Methanol to Produce Light Olefins (DMTO)" has achieved major breakthroughs. It has achieved nearly 100% methanol conversion rate, 40.1% ethylene selectivity, and 40.1% propylene selectivity on an industrial test device that processes 50 tons of methanol per day. The selectivity of low carbon olefins (ethylene, propylene, butylene) is 39.0%, and the selectivity is over 90%. The successful operation of the test device has great economic and strategic significance for my country's comprehensive utilization of energy and expansion of the diversification of low-carbon olefin raw materials.
5. Loongson 2E general-purpose 64-bit processor
Loongson 2E general-purpose 64-bit processor is currently the highest-performing general-purpose processor in the world outside the United States and Japan. It is also the first processor in mainland China to adopt 90 nanometer design technology. device. The Loongson 2E processor developed by the Computer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has a maximum main frequency of 1.0GHz, and its measured performance exceeds the level of the 1.5GHz Pentium IV processor. It has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, high performance, and high security. It can be used in different tasks Under the conditions, the power consumption of the Loongson 2E processor is in the range of 3 watts to 8 watts. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, Loongson processors will make greater contributions to promoting my country's informatization.
6. Laser-induced fluorescence non-contact monitoring technology and equipment system for water pollution
Water is an indispensable and important resource in human production and living activities. my country's rivers, lakes, reservoirs and offshore waters are generally polluted to varying degrees, and water bodies Pollution is increasing year by year.
The Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences uses laser-induced fluorescence monitoring technology to achieve remote sensing of water body pollution. The system integrates optical remote sensing technology, spectroscopy, analytical chemistry, electronic technology and computer technology. It uses laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy to achieve multi-level monitoring of water body pollution. The online telemetry of organic matter components has developed and improved the technical level of online telemetry of water pollution in my country.
7. Chinese scientists discovered a new mechanism of Alzheimer's disease
On November 19, 2006, the online version of the internationally renowned academic journal "Nature Medicine" published online a report on biochemistry from the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The latest research results on the new mechanism of β-amyloid production process with the research group of the Institute of Cell Biology. This result reveals a new mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and suggests that β2-adrenergic receptors may become a new target for the development of therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
8． my country's research on new anti-diabetic drugs has made groundbreaking progress
Scientists at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, made important progress in the research field of non-peptide small molecule glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in 2006. Related The results were published in the online version of the internationally authoritative scientific journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)" in the first week of January 2007. The editorial board of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences pointed out in a written press release to the media that this type of orally effective non-peptide small molecule agonist has the potential to become a new treatment for diabetes, obesity and other related metabolic diseases.
9． Revealing the secrets of Drosophila memory and exploring the neurobiological basis of memory
The latest research results on Drosophila by a research team from the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, reveal that there is no universal memory center in the brain of Drosophila , but different sensory memories are stored in different areas, and just like humans can remember different parameters such as the height, size, and color of images, the image memory of fruit flies also has different corresponding parameters. Through the study of Drosophila memory genes, it can be further applied to mice, mammals and even humans to solve mental diseases such as insomnia and Alzheimer's disease in humans.
10． Terminal control technology and application of drinking water quality safety risks
In order to promptly evaluate water quality conditions and respond to emergencies, the Ecological Environment Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have jointly developed a biological system suitable for terminal water quality monitoring. Online monitoring and early warning technology, establish and improve biological toxicity testing methods, and form a technical system suitable for water quality assessment at the molecular and cellular levels. The key technologies developed in the research have independent intellectual property rights, 22 invention patents have been produced, and 61 papers have been published, including 23 papers included in SCI.