1902, Booth's service company was called to Westminster Abbey to clean the carpet for the coronation ceremony of Edward VII. Since then, business has been booming. 1906, booth made a small household vacuum cleaner. Although it is called "small", the vacuum cleaner weighs 88 pounds (1 pound =0.4536 kg), which is too big to be popularized.
1907 Spangler, an inventor in Ohio, made a portable vacuum cleaner. At that time, he was the manager of a shop. In order to reduce the burden of sweeping carpets, he made a vacuum cleaner, used an electric fan to create a vacuum, sucked dust into the machine, and then blew it into his pocket. Unable to produce and sell, 1908 transferred the patent to Hoover, a fur manufacturer. At that time, Hoover began to make an "O" vacuum cleaner with wheels, which sold well. The earliest household vacuum cleaner was designed reasonably, and the principle has not changed much since its development.
The earliest vacuum cleaner was designed vertically. 19 13 Winler Goering of Stockholm, Sweden invented the horizontal canister vacuum cleaner.
Classification of vacuum cleaners
At present, civil vacuum cleaners are mainly divided into the following categories:
1. Horizontal vacuum cleaner (carbon canister)
The more common types of vacuum cleaners in Asian and European markets account for more than 80% of the total market. It is characterized by compact appearance and convenient storage. Horizontal vacuum cleaners are also divided into "dust box vacuum cleaners" and "dust bag vacuum cleaners"
2. Vertical vacuum cleaner
American market is more common, suitable for large-scale carpet cleaning.
3. Portable vacuum cleaner
Small size, very convenient to carry and use, mainly used for car cleaning, keyboards, electrical appliances and other good results. The disadvantage is that the power is small and the suction is not strong enough.
4. Barrel vacuum cleaner (canister)
Commercial vacuum cleaners, mostly used for cleaning companies, hotels and office buildings, are characterized by large capacity and strong water absorption.
5. Rod vacuum cleaner
In recent years, it has gradually increased, mostly rechargeable, characterized by small size and convenient use.
6. Robot vacuum cleaner
High-end vacuum cleaners can automatically clean and charge, but the cleaning effect is limited, which is suitable for the already clean home environment.
7. Central dust collection system
High-end vacuum cleaner, the main vacuum cleaner is placed outside the main living area, such as underground equipment floor, garage, cleaning room, etc. Embed the vacuum pipe into the wall, leaving only a small and beautiful vacuum cleaner socket on the wall. When cleaning is needed, just insert the hose into the vacuum cleaner. At this time, the system automatically starts the main switch, and all the bad smells such as dust, paper scraps, cigarette butts, harmful microorganisms and even smoke smell in the guest room are strictly controlled. Anyone can clean completely or partially at any time to ensure the cleanest indoor environment. Its cleaning ability is five times that of a general vacuum cleaner, and the hose length can be selected at will. This system is a necessary system in Europe and America, and some high-end buildings in China have also adopted this advanced technology.
Filtering mode of vacuum cleaner
1 dust bag filtration: 99.97% of particles as small as 0.3 micron were filtered out. With the passage of time, the vacuum degree of vacuum cleaner using dust bag will decrease, resulting in smaller suction. Moreover, it is impossible for users to change the dust bag after each use, so microorganisms such as mites will continue to breed in the dust bag, and these mites will cause secondary pollution to the surrounding environment when cleaning the dust bag. Dust bags, as a filter, is easy to clean and does not need to be cleaned every day. Suitable for automobile beauty cleaning industries such as factories and hotels. The disadvantage is that after a long time, the filtering ability of the dust bag decreases, the pores of the cloth will open, and the filtering ability decreases seriously, so it needs to be replaced.
2 Water filtration: Most of the dust and microorganisms will be dissolved and locked in the water when passing through the filter, and the rest will be further filtered after passing through the filter, so that the exhaust gas discharged by the vacuum cleaner may be cleaner than the inhaled air.
There is no doubt about the filtering effect of water filter vacuum cleaner, but because water is used as the filtering medium, higher requirements are put forward for the design of the product itself and the waterproof protection of the motor, which is also an important reason for the uneven quality and wide price difference of water filter vacuum cleaners in the market. Features: the suction is more obvious, and the discharged gas is purified by water. Disadvantages: every time you use water, you need to drain it, so you must clean it after use. If it is not cleaned, it is easy to get moldy, smelly and rusty. Suitable for: hotels, home offices, etc.
New technology of vacuum cleaner
At present, with the continuous improvement of living standards, people's requirements for household cleaning are getting higher and higher, and the development of new technologies and functions of vacuum cleaners is getting faster and faster. More and more new technologies and functions are applied to vacuum cleaner products.
1. Steam brush head
A small amount of water is added to the brush head of the vacuum cleaner, which is heated by the heater in the brush head to generate steam, and the high temperature of the steam is used for sterilization, so it is easier to remove stubborn stains such as oil stains and coffee stains, and a rag is attached to the brush head, so that the cleaning process can be completed at one time.
This technology was first invented in Korea. At present, in the China market, both LG and Midea have introduced steam vacuum cleaners.
2. Cyclone dust collection
Improve the structure of the dust box, make the air form a whirlwind inside the vacuum cleaner, better separate the dust from the air, and ensure the suction of the vacuum cleaner to last longer.
The leader of this technology is British brand Dyson. At present, Jin Enkai Junmei brand vacuum cleaner and Cobos are selling points in China.
Vibrating brush head
In order to meet the cleaning requirements of vacuum cleaner for sofas, bedding, curtains, etc. The developer designed and developed a vibrating brush head, which uses the high-frequency vibration of the plastic plate inside the brush head up to 3600 times per minute to beat the bedding sofa to suck out deep dust and remove bacteria and mites.
Daily maintenance and maintenance of vacuum cleaner
1 Clean the sundries and various dust-collecting accessories in the barrel in time. Clean the dust grid and dust bag after each work, check for perforation and air leakage, thoroughly clean the dust grid and dust bag with detergent and warm water, and blow dry. It is forbidden to use cold dust nets and dust bags.
2 Check whether the power cord and plug are damaged. After use, the power coil is wound into a bundle and hung on the hook of the headgear.
3 Check whether the air inlet is blocked or sundries after water absorption, otherwise it needs cleaning. Check whether the floating wave is damaged.
When using the machine, handle it with care and don't be hit by external forces.
When the machine stops using, it should be placed in a ventilated and dry place.
6 When cleaning the machine, please wipe it with a wet cloth containing water or a neutral detergent. It is forbidden to immerse the main engine head in water for cleaning. Do not use corrosive cleaning agents such as gasoline and banana oil, otherwise the shell will crack.
7 Don't let the machine work continuously for a long time. Please control the continuous working time within 2 hours, otherwise the service life of the machine will be affected.
When the vacuum cleaner is used for a long time, the suction will decrease due to the blockage of the mesh of the filter screen. In order to prevent the suction from decreasing, the filter screen and cloth bag should be cleaned with water regularly, and then dried in the shade before use to restore the suction.
If the main engine is hot, smells of burning, or has abnormal vibration and noise, it should be repaired in time. Don't use it reluctantly.
Do not bend the 10 hose frequently, and do not stretch and bend it excessively.
Other functions of vacuum cleaner
Household vacuum cleaners are usually used to remove dust, but they can also play many other roles.
1。 Used when collecting items. When the seasons change, the collection of bedding and other items is easy to rot because of its large storage space and improper storage. If you put them in a custom-made plastic sealed bag, and then use a vacuum cleaner to pump out the air in the bag and seal it tightly, it can not only save storage space greatly, but also be less prone to damp and mildew.
2。 Looking for small things. Buttons, pills, bottle caps, sewing needles and other small items. It will inevitably fall down at home, and they can be easily found with the help of suction devices. Before use, you can wrap the suction nozzle of the vacuum cleaner with thin gauze, and then choose the appropriate wind force according to the size of the object. Then, turn on the power, the suction pipe mouth slides back and forth around the falling object, and the falling object will soon be adsorbed on the gauze.
3。 Clean electrical appliances and remove dust. Vacuum cleaner can also be used for daily maintenance of TV sets, DVD players, computers, keyboards, stereos, air conditioners and other electrical appliances. , clean the dust inside and outside the appliance. When removing dust, unplug the power plug of the electrical appliance, open and remove the housing of the electrical appliance according to the instructions, select a straw with a suitable shape to pierce the interior of the electrical appliance for dust removal, then use a hair dryer to remove moisture, and finally restore the housing to its original state.
Product certification of vacuum cleaner
According to the requirements of the national compulsory product certification catalogue, vacuum cleaners belong to the national compulsory certification and need CCC certification. Products that fail to pass the certification shall not be produced or sold.
Implement the national standard: GB 4706.1-1998; GB 4706.7-2004； GB 4343. 1-2003； GB 17625. 1-2003；
Because the latest version of GB4706.7 has not been published, GB 4706+0-2005 is not fully applicable for the time being.
Development of vacuum cleaner market in China
Since the middle and late 1990s, the sales of vacuum cleaners in China have increased by 38% every year. Nowadays, vacuum cleaners not only have more functions, more beautiful appearance and cheaper price, but also are loved by many citizens. The mainstream brands in China vacuum cleaner market mainly include Haier, Philips, Electrolux, LG, Sanyo, Shenlong, Midea, Puppy, Haoyunda and Panasonic.
From 2006 1 to 12, the cumulative output of vacuum cleaners in China was 522,85519.00, which was 2.62% lower than the same period in 2005. In February 2006, the output of vacuum cleaners in Guangdong Province was 19,11405.00, an increase of 6.69% over the same period in 2005. In February 2006, the output of vacuum cleaners in Jiangsu Province was 169698 15.00, which was 1 1.26% lower than the same period in 2005.
In 2007, the cumulative output of vacuum cleaners in China was 43,632,664.00 sets, an increase of 2 1.63% over the same period in 2006. Among them, the output of vacuum cleaners in Jiangsu Province is the highest. In 2007, the output of vacuum cleaners in Jiangsu Province was 153 18582.00, an increase of 24.98% over the same period in 2006. Followed by Guangdong Province, the output of vacuum cleaners was 14, 25 1, 98 1.00, an increase of 15.09% over the same period in 2006.
In the context of the global financial crisis and the slowdown of economic growth, small household appliances stand out in the domestic household appliance industry where the overall growth rate has declined. In 2008, the sales of domestic small household appliances enterprises increased significantly in the first three quarters. From June 5438+0 to June 5438+0 in 2008, the output of vacuum cleaners reached 5.65 million, down 12.7% year-on-year.
In 2007-20 1 1 year, China's small household appliances market will continue to increase in volume, with a growth rate of around 7%. It is estimated that the market scale will reach 18 1 100 million yuan in 20 1 year. In the vacuum cleaner market, the consumption concept of China consumers still needs to be cultivated with great efforts. At least for now, this market is difficult to do. Midea, Shenlong, Electrolux and other domestic and foreign manufacturers also said that solving China consumers' ignorance of vacuum cleaners is the primary problem of market development. However, with the continuous improvement of residents' living standards, the demand for improving the home environment and the change of consumption concept, the demand for vacuum cleaners is bound to have a new breakthrough.
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Keywords: top ten brands of vacuum cleaners
1 Philips vacuum cleaner (world brand, Dutch brand)
2 Haier vacuum cleaner (China well-known trademark)
3 Midea vacuum cleaner (China well-known trademark)
4 Electrolux Electrolux vacuum cleaner (from Sweden, a world-famous household appliance brand)
5 LG vacuum cleaner (world brand, Korean brand)
Sanyo vacuum cleaner (world brand, Japanese brand)
7 Shenlong vacuum cleaner (a well-known domestic small household appliance brand, a large enterprise group)
Panasonic vacuum cleaner (19 18 Japan, world brand)
9. Chunhua vacuum cleaner (China famous trademark, Jiangsu famous trademark)
10 fuwick vacuum cleaner (founded in Germany 1883)
Principle and structure of vacuum cleaner
1, vacuum principle. The fan impeller of the vacuum cleaner is driven by the motor at high speed, so that the air in the impeller is discharged from the fan at high speed, and the air in the dust suction part is continuously supplemented to the fan. It is better to form a higher pressure difference with the outside world. The dust and dirt of the suction nozzle are sucked into the dust suction part with the air and leaked through the leakage device, so that the dust and dirt are collected in the dust collecting barrel.
2. Original vacuum cleaner.
All vacuum cleaners are equipped with assembled brush heads for cleaning floors and carpets. The suction vacuum cleaner will also be equipped with a series of cleaning brushes and suction nozzles for cleaning corners, curtains, sofas and gaps.
3. Throat: All suction vacuum cleaners will be equipped with hard pipes to connect hoses and accessories for cleaning.
4. Brush: The cleaning head of the internal vacuum cleaner is a special accessory of the hybrid vacuum cleaner.
5, round brush head: also a smaller suction nozzle, can do 360* rotation, easy to clean furniture, fine mesh, etc.
6. Flat suction nozzle: also known as slit suction nozzle, it is a slender, flat and hard suction nozzle. Especially suitable for cleaning walls, radiant radiators, corners and shallow and narrow places.
7. Dust brush: made of long and soft bristles, suitable for cleaning curtains, walls, etc.
The vacuum cleaner mainly consists of three parts: dust collection, dust collection and dust filtration, generally including series commutator motor, centrifugal fan, dust filter (bag) and dust collection accessories. Generally, the power of vacuum cleaner is above 400- 1000W, and that of portable vacuum cleaner is generally below 250W w. Vacuum cleaner can remove dust mainly because its "head" is equipped with an electric exhaust fan. There is a wind wheel on the rotating shaft of the exhaust fan. After electrifying, the exhaust fan will generate extremely strong suction and pressure at a speed of 500 revolutions per second. Under the action of suction and pressure, the air will be discharged at high speed, and the air in the dust suction part at the front end of the fan will continuously replenish the air in the fan, resulting in an instantaneous vacuum inside the vacuum cleaner and a negative pressure difference with the external atmospheric pressure. Under the action of this pressure difference, dusty air will be sucked in. Dust and other sundries enter the dust bag through carpet or floor brush, long nozzle, elbow, hose and hose connector in turn, and the dust and other sundries remain in the dust bag, and the air is discharged from the tail of the machine body after being purified by the filter.