Cao Mengde Fengyun I, Cao Cao's tomb is hard to find through the ages. The constant emergence of severed limbs and suspicious graves all over the wilderness at the bottom of the Zhanghe River is a proof of a man's suspicious nature and a unique entrustment of a lean generation. From Qin Shihuang, Wu Zetian, Genghis Khan to Yongzheng, why are the tombs of legendary figures so different? What kind of maze did the ancients set up, waiting for bold descendants to break in step by step?
From Xigaoxue Village, Anyang, Henan Province? Cao Cao's tomb? It was born, but there are more and more questions in the world. Since the King Wu of Wei is not the patent of Cao Cao, the mystery of Cao Cao's tomb will continue.
First of all, man-eating monsters
One midsummer 200 years ago, it was widely rumored that the Zhanghe monster began to eat people again. People who don't listen to discourage bathing in the river are suddenly dragged into the bottom of the river by something. Soon, an arm or half a head will appear on the river. The terrified people looked at the water and found a shadow shaking at the bottom of the river near the cliff, so the villagers decided that this was the legendary monster, and no one dared to go near the river again. The local county magistrate was shocked when he learned about it. In order to find out what happened, he ordered to stop the water in the upper reaches of the river when the dry season was coming. However, when the river fell, there were no monsters at the bottom of the river, but at the bottom of the cliff, a deep cave was found, surrounded by rows of water knives. When everyone unloaded the rotary knives and walked into the cave, they saw that there was still a stone tablet in the original cave. Everyone Qi Xin opened the tomb together and found countless treasures inside.
Ladies and gentlemen, what I just said is a story in Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. As we all know, many stories in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio are non-existent folklore, but this story about Cao Cao's tomb is not completely groundless. I think it is also recorded in unofficial history in the Qing Dynasty. In the early years of Shunzhi, because the Zhanghe River dried up, a fisherman found a big slate at the bottom of the river, and there was a stone gate under it. Walking into the stone gate, there is a grave. In the middle of the tomb is a stone bed, on which lies a body dressed in the emperor's clothes. The man leaned forward and looked at it. It was none other than Cao Cao. If the fisherman has a good eye, he can recognize Cao Mengde at a glance. You know, this is a corpse that has been left for thousands of years. Does this body have a label?
That is beside the point. Let's talk about the cemetery. There are many stories about Cao Cao's tomb in history, but the most popular one is that Cao Cao is suspicious by nature. In order to prevent future generations from digging his grave, careful arrangements were made before his death. On the day of the funeral, all the gates of Yecheng were opened at the same time, and 72 coffins were carried out from four directions, southeast and northwest, and buried in the prepared graves. As a result, future generations can no longer tell which is the real tomb of Cao Cao, which is the confusing tomb and which is famous? Cao Cao's seventy-two suspected graves? .
Speaking of this tomb, there are indeed more than 100 tombs in Yuanye between Linzhang and Cizhou, Hebei Province. Locals say this is the mausoleum built by Cao Cao. However, according to archaeological findings, these so-called seventy-two suspected tombs were not built by Cao Cao himself, but were actually tombs of emperors and nobles such as the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty during the Northern Dynasties. So where is Cao Cao's tomb?
It is true that Cao Cao is called a generation of adulterers. The most popular in the Three Kingdoms period was Cao Cao's paranoia. For example, he killed a friend who prepared meals for him. You would rather teach me to be negative to the whole world than to teach the whole world to be negative to me? Let all the people of China remember this white-faced man forever. In addition, Cao Cao is always afraid of being assassinated by others. In his dreams, he declares that he likes to kill people. Don't sleep near strangers. Don't really believe it. On one occasion, a waiter politely covered Cao Cao in his sleep. As a result, the unlucky man was really killed by Cao Cao on the spot. There are countless such examples in the Three Kingdoms. Cai Mao and Zhang Yun were killed because of his paranoia.
Cao Cao, as a generation of adulterers, even killed countless people before his death, but also made outstanding achievements. After his death, he has been the focus of the world, including his final destination, which has become important evidence to understand that period of history. And Cao Cao seems to have anticipated this result. As a Wang Wei, in order not to be disturbed by future generations, he tried to hide his last secret. Cao Cao's tomb, where is it?
Second, suspected burial? Suspicion hill
But to be fair, the ancients attached great importance to the yin house, that is, the grave. This haunted house is also a very important knowledge in our country. From the root, or by the hole? Only treat the dead as a big deal? This dead man is a big deal. In the eyes of the ancients, this tomb is an important symbol of the future prosperity of the deceased family. Feng shui also includes yin house and yang house. Everyone in Yangzhai knows that Feng Shui is good. What's this called? Against the wind and water. Wait until the Yin House pays more attention to mountains and water. Anyway, whether it's the mountain or the waterfront, it has to take a head. As for Cao Cao, after all, he was also a powerful man in those days. For future generations, this grave can't be too shabby, can it?
Nowadays, there are different opinions about where Cao Cao's tomb is. The first is that Cao Cao built 72 suspected tombs in the southwest of Yecheng, which is now Cixian County, Hebei Province. The second theory is that Cao Cao was buried underwater. He laid a secret passage at the bottom of Zhanghe River and set up a clever mechanism to prevent grave robbery. That is, the story mentioned in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio can only be seen when the river dries up. The third argument is that Cao * * * was not buried in Yecheng, but outside Xuchang in central Henan. The fourth is that Cao Cao was buried under Santai, such as Tongquetai in Yecheng, which is now Santai Village. The fifth statement is more interesting. Seventy-two suspected graves are not credible at all. This so-called seventy-two may be just an imaginary number, and the real tomb may be hidden in seventy-three miles.
There are different opinions about Cao Cao's tomb. Which is the most correct and exact? Don't worry, please listen to me slowly.
Third, Cao Cao's tombstone
Speaking of this ancient tomb, whether it belongs to the emperor or the rich people, according to the rules, there is a memorial tablet in front of the tomb, which reads the tomb of XXX. Was there such a monument in front of Cao Cao's tomb?
Stop it. It's well documented. At that time, Cao Cao once wrote an article called "Let the princess know her will", so in this article, Cao Cao once mentioned that his ambition at that time was to set up a monument in Shinto after death, which was drawn up by himself. What's its name? It is called the tomb of Cao Hou, the general of the Western Han Dynasty. This is the tenth year of Jian 'an, which means it happened in AD 2 10. But before Cao Cao died, in the twenty-fifth year of Jian 'an, that is, more than a year before the twenty-third year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao gave another order. He said that when he died, he would wear a suit and be buried, and the tomb would not be sealed. What do you mean, no trees? In other words, there are no mounds and no landmarks. Therefore, if Cao Cao's last words are seriously carried out, it is debatable that someone saw the stone tablet in Cao Cao's tomb mentioned in folklore and novels.
But at that time, there was a tombstone of Xiao Mu in the Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. At the beginning of the 20th century, Professor Zhicheng Deng of Peking University wrote a book called Notes of Gu Dong. According to his records in the book, it was indeed a fellow villager in Cixian county who got this tablet at that time, and it existed in the county government of Cixian county. But the author didn't see it himself, so what happened later is not clear. Judging from these two things, whether Cao Cao set up a tombstone for himself has now become an unsolved case.
Fourth, the tomb of Cao Cao is close at hand.
Interestingly, in the past two years, an archaeologist has found an important new evidence of the location of Cao Cao's tomb, that is, an ancient tomb in Linzhang, Hebei Province during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The epitaph on this ancient tomb clearly says that this tomb was built next to Cao Cao's tomb. Through this sentence, people can roughly judge the location of Cao Cao's tomb.
According to some existing evidence, Cao Cao's tomb should be near Zhanghe River, but the problem is that Zhanghe River has been rebuilt many times, and the tomb of Cao Cao in that year may have been washed away by Zhanghe River. Moreover, there are rumors among the people. It is said that Cao Pi was sad because Zhanghe destroyed Cao Cao's tomb and there was no place to sacrifice.
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From this point of view, as mentioned above, people say that Cao Cao's tomb was found at the bottom of the river, not groundless. Think about it, there are many seals on this tomb. After being washed away by the flood, the remaining structure of the ancient tomb may be masonry structure. Because it is very strong, it will stay at the bottom of the river, and it will be possible when it is discovered later.