The superscript of the reference in the text of the paper is placed before the period.
References are coded consecutively with Arabic numerals according to the order in which they appear in the text, and the serial numbers are placed in square brackets. A document that is cited repeatedly is marked with the same serial number in the text.
Generally speaking, the page number (or page range) of the document cited once is listed in the references at the end of the text. The format is the "year of publication" of the work or the "year, volume (issue)" of the journal + ": page number (or page number range)."
For documents cited multiple times, the page number or page number range of each reference (some publications also regard information that can indicate the location of cited documents as page numbers) is listed in the serial number of each reference. After the square brackets (only numbers are listed, without "p" or "page" and other surrounding words and characters; the connecting line in the middle of the page number range is a half-word line) and superscripted.
If a page number or page number range needs to be added after the reference serial number that appears in the text, the page number or page number range should also be superscripted. Authors and editors need to carefully check the reference numbers under the sequential coding system to ensure that the number is consistent with the reference list of the document indicated in the same article. In addition, the reference page number or page range must be accurate.
Extended information
Citation symbols
References can use the following symbols: ":" is used for subtitles, descriptions of titles, publishers, Producer, the number of pages of the extracted document in the serial publication; "," is used for the person responsible for the follow-up, publication year, production year, patent document type, patent country, volume number, part number, and the original document of the extracted document in the serial publication. Document title.
Used for series number, series number, and subsequent "position in the original document" items; "(
)" is used for qualifiers, issue numbers, part numbers, and newspaper Edition, place of production, producer, year of production; "[ ]" is used to identify document types and the author's self-written description content
; "?" In addition to the above items, the rest of the description items follow Use the "?" sign.
Abbreviations For authors, editors, and named publishers, their surnames are fully recorded, and their first names can be abbreviated to their initials. If the person's name cannot be identified using the initials, it is appropriate to use the full name.
The state name, province name, country name, etc. attached to the place of publication in the publication item (see 6.7.1.1) and the name of the agency or organization as a qualifier can be abbreviated according to the recognized method.
The abbreviation of journal titles should be implemented in accordance with the provisions of Appendix C of this standard ISO 4-1984 "Documentation work-International rules for the abbreviation of journal titles".
When recording figures, the original form in the document must be maintained. However, Arabic numerals are used for numbers indicating edition, issue number, volume, number of pages, year of publication, etc. Versions are represented by ordinal abbreviations.
Baidu Encyclopedia-References