Major inventions that affected human life in the 20th century
The 20th century was a century of great progress for mankind. The advancement of science and technology promoted the development of society, especially some major inventions, which had a profound impact on mankind. had an important impact on life. Although some inventions appeared at the end of the last century, they were popularized and applied in the 20th century.
●Stainless steel: People have known for a long time that steel is prone to rust and corrosion. Therefore, stainless steel became an outstanding industrial metal after its appearance from 1903 to 1912, and then gradually became a daily necessities. ”
●Air conditioning: It was invented by American W. Carrier in 1911 to control temperature and humidity.
●Aspirin: German Felix Hoffmann in 1897 Synthetic acetylsalicylic acid was commercialized two years later and became a popular drug a century later.
Automobiles: There were already cars on the streets at the beginning of this century, but the series cars. Products were created in the 20th century, with the invention of the Mercedes-Benz car in 1901 being the most important.
●Airplane: In 1903, mankind’s first mechanically powered aircraft successfully took off, and airplanes were born in 1933. The first regular air route was opened in 1913.
●The electric light bulb: Although it had been invented long ago, the large-scale use of the tungsten filament was patented in 1913.
●Pocket calculator: The first pocket calculator was launched in Texas in 1973.
●Silicon wafer: Since Jack Kilby invented the silicon wafer in 1958, delicate silicon wafers such as micro wafers have been used to make them. Integrated circuits are the key elements for the operation of electronic devices.
●Movies: The starting point for movies to become popular entertainment was December 28, 1895, with the earliest popular and successful sound film "The Jazz Singer". It was released in New York in October of that year; the first full-length color feature film "Vanity City" was screened simultaneously in the United Kingdom and the United States in 1935; the first wide-screen film came out in 1953.
●Electrocardiogram: first used in 1903. Used to trace the electrical current produced by the contraction of the heart muscle. Electrocardiogram can detect irregular heartbeats and prevent possible fatal accidents.
●Fax: is one of the most popular uses of the photoelectric effect. It was first transmitted in 1902. In 1926, it was used for business.
●Optical fiber: In 1970, the transmission of light wave information through a fiber made of very clear glass was invented, which is called optical fiber communication.
●Photography. Copier: Although the world's earliest photocopier was invented in Cotton City, New York, in 1907, it was not widely used until the Xerox copier was invented and the Xerox 914 copier was introduced to the market in 1959.
< p>●Color photos: The principle of color photography was invented in the last century, but the first color films were not sold until the 1940s.●Microwave ovens: First sold in the United States in 1953, and from 1980 onwards. It began to spread, making it possible for people to heat food in a few minutes. The earliest name of the microwave oven was "popcorn and hot ball heater", and its inventor was Spencer Gene of the United States. Engineering: DNA recombinant technology has been developed since the late 1960s. The genetic material in the cells of one organism is taken out, processed in vitro, and then introduced into the living cells of another organism, so that the cells display the corresponding characteristics. Traits. Also known as genetic engineering.
●Insecticide: DDT insecticide was born in 1941 and is used to control cotton bollworms, mosquitoes, flies, etc.
●In vitro fertilization: The first in vitro fertilization baby was born in 1978 through artificial insemination in an experimental laboratory.
●Insulin: Produced by the secretory cells of the islets of Langerhans. It was isolated in 1923. This hormone was synthesized in 1964 and became a more effective drug for the treatment of diabetes.
●Internet: It is the world's largest computer network consisting of many interconnected networks and is currently widely used.
●Laser: The first laser was invented in 1960 and was later widely used in microsurgery, detection, industry, flood relief, military, etc.
For example, in the 1970s, laser discs (CDs), which used laser beams to replace gem needles, began to enter people's lives. Later, laser video discs (LD, VCD) and CD ROM became popular. In recent years, a new generation of laser video discs (DVD) has appeared.
●Washing machine: It is an invention of this century. The first washing machine was manufactured in 1901 and was widely used in the 1940s.
●Contact lenses: Since the invention of glasses in the Middle Ages, there has been no major progress until the invention of hard contact lenses in 1945 and the invention of soft contact lenses after 1964.
●Cardiac recorder: Invented by Swede Oak Senning in 1958, it was first used in the 1960s. Since then, many lives have been saved.
●Subway: The first subway was built in London in 1863 and has developed greatly in the world this century.
●Refrigerator: The world’s first household refrigerator was manufactured in Chicago, USA, in 1913.
●Electronic computers: Development began during World War II, when the British wanted to decipher Nazi codes. In 1943, the first electronic computer similar to today's was built.
●Penicillin: also known as penicillin. A type of antibiotic first developed by London Fleming in 1929 and used in 1941 on wounded soldiers in World War II.
●Contraceptive pills: Taking into account the overpopulation of the world and the need to control the birth rate, the contraceptive pill was developed in 1954.
●Plastics: Polyester, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. did not exist before this century. All these plastics began to appear in 1909 after the American L. Backland invented the production method of phenolic plastics. The "Times" magazine on May 20, 1940 called Baekeland the "Father of Plastics."
●Radar: a key device for navigation and aviation. Since 1935, extremely short radio waves have been used to determine the direction, distance, size, etc. of distant or invisible targets.
●Radio: Italian Marconi successfully conducted the first radio communication in 1901. The semiconductor radio was invented in 1948.
●Radiology: X-rays began to be used in medical treatment in the first decade of this century, and they have existed since 1895.
●Radio telescope: Although its application has not yet spread to daily life, it has made great contributions to science since its invention in 1932.
●Radiation therapy: French physicist H. Becquerel discovered radiation in 1896. Since then, he has studied the properties of radiosynthetics and achieved the artificial acquisition of radiation. Later, people used radiation to treat malignant tumors and other diseases.
●Nuclear energy: The utilization of nuclear energy was realized in 1939 and began to be used for power generation in 1956.
●Watch: An invention with many modifications in history. In 1904, a watch that was more comfortable to wear was produced.
●Artificial kidney: This hemodialysis device has prolonged the lives of many patients with renal failure. Viren Koff designed the first artificial kidney in 1945.
●Robot: The first robot put into service in 1983 was manufactured by Volkswagen AG in Wolfsburg, Germany. Today, robots have entered many industrial sectors.
●Man-made satellite: The first man-made satellite was launched by the former Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, ushering in the space era. Since then, thousands of man-made satellites have been launched into orbit.
●Sulfonamide: the first modern chemotherapy compound. In 1935, biologist Gerhard Domack discovered its antibacterial properties.
●Superconductor: When the material is cooled to extremely low temperatures, it loses its original resistance. Dutch physicist H. Onness first discovered superconductivity in mercury in 1911. In 1987, it was discovered that ceramic materials have superconductivity under special circumstances.
●Credit card: In the history of money, credit card is the biggest revolution after the emergence of currency. The first credit cards were issued by American oil companies in the 1920s. The first widely used credit card was issued in 1950.
●Television: The earliest American television in 1927.
●Record player: The gramophone is the forerunner of the record player that has been developed in this century. The first stereo record was made in 1933.
●Blood transfusion: This medical technology was born after Carl Landsteiner discovered blood types in 1900, which made the first safe blood transfusion possible.
●VCR: The first professional video recorder came out in 1956, but the first home video recorder appeared in the early 1970s.