Peiji means "all-round symbolic instruction code for beginners", which is a programming language designed for beginners.
When Gates was still studying at Harvard University, they used to compile languages for MITS Altair.
Later, Gates and Allen moved to Albuquerque and founded Microsoft in a local hotel room.
From 65438 to 0977, Microsoft moved to Bellevue, where it developed PC programming software.
1979, MITS went bankrupt, and Microsoft continued to develop mainly by modifying its basic procedures.
At the beginning of the company, it mainly sold basic interpreters.
Computer enthusiasts at that time often developed small BASIC interpreters themselves and distributed them for free.
However, because Microsoft is one of the few commercial BASIC interpreters, many home computer manufacturers use Microsoft BASIC interpreters in their systems.
With the rapid growth of Microsoft BASIC interpreter, manufacturers began to adopt the syntax and other functions of Microsoft BASIC to ensure compatibility with existing Microsoft products.
It is precisely because of this cycle that Microsoft BASIC has gradually become a recognized market standard, and the company has gradually occupied the whole market.
After that, they tried to enter the home computer market by designing the MSX home computer standard, but the result was not very successful.
1980, IBM chose Microsoft to write key operating system software for its new PC, which was a major turning point in the company's development.
Due to the tight time and complicated program, Microsoft bought the right to use an operating system QDOS from Seattle programmer Tim Paterson for $50,000, and provided it to IBM after partial rewriting, and named it Microsoft DOS (Disk Operating System).
The popularity of IBM-PC makes MS-DOS a great success, because other PC manufacturers want to be compatible with IBM.
MS-DOS is authorized in many companies.
Therefore, in the 1980s, it became the standard operating system of PC.
1983, Microsoft signed a contract with IBM to provide a basic interpreter and an operating system for IBM PC.
By 1984, Microsoft's sales exceeded 1 billion dollars.
Subsequently, Microsoft continued to develop software for computers of IBM, Apple and Radio Equipment Company.
With the growing strength of Microsoft, Microsoft and IBM have become competitors in many aspects.
Microsoft Windows 1.0 was released at 1985, which is the first product in the Windows series, and it is also Microsoft's first attempt to conduct a user graphical interface on a personal computer operating platform.
199 1 year, due to the conflict of interests, IBM and Apple terminated their cooperation with Microsoft, but the cooperation between IBM and Microsoft never stopped, and the two companies maintained a complex cooperative and competitive relationship.
Microsoft's products include operating system software MS-DOS and Xenix:Xenix is a personal computer version of Unix operating system, which was developed by Microsoft for Intel processor in 1979, and can also be executed on DECPDP-1/Apple Lisa computer.
XENIX inherits the characteristics of UNIX. Xenix has a multi-user and multi-task working environment, which conforms to the interface specification (SVID) of UNIX system v.
From 65438 to 0983, paul allen left Microsoft because of Hodgkin's disease, and later set up his own company.
Allen owns 65,438+05% shares in Microsoft and still attends the board meeting.
1986, the company went public.
Gates kept 45% of the company's shares, which made him the first billionaire in 1987 personal computer industry.
1992, the company acquired Fox Company and entered the database software market.
In the mid-1990s, Microsoft began to expand its product line into the field of computer networks.
On August 24th, Microsoft launched the online service MSN (Microsoft Network), 1995.
MSN is a direct competitor of AOL and a major brand of other Microsoft network products.
1On August 24th, 995, Microsoft released Windows system with kernel version number 4.0, which mixed 16-bit /32-bit, and became the most successful operating system at that time.
1996, Microsoft co-founded MSNBC, a comprehensive 24-hour news channel and online news service provider, with American broadcasting giant NBC.
1At the end of 997, Microsoft acquired Hotmail, the earliest and most popular webmail service provider.
Hotmail changed its name to MSN Hotmail and became. NET Passport, an integrated login service system.
MSN Messenger is an instant messaging client program launched by Microsoft on 1999. Is the main competitor of AOL instant messaging (AIM) and ICQ.
Has been developed into Windows Live Messenger.
From 1995 to 1999, Microsoft has successively established three world-class scientific research, product development and technical support service institutions in China, including Microsoft China R&D Center, Microsoft Global Technical Support Center and Microsoft Research Asia. Microsoft China has become the most complete subsidiary of Microsoft outside the US headquarters.
On July 29th, 2009, Yahoo and Microsoft announced an agreement on cooperation in Internet search and online advertising.
The agreement will last for 10 years, Yahoo's website will use Microsoft's newly-launched bing search engine, Microsoft will obtain the exclusive authorization of Yahoo's core search technology 10 years, and Yahoo will be responsible for selling the search advertisements of the two companies worldwide.
In addition, Microsoft also agreed that in the first five years of cooperation between the two parties, 88% of the operating income of Yahoo's website was owned by Yahoo.
2011may 10, Microsoft announced that it would acquire Skype for $8.5 billion.
This transaction will help Microsoft attract more Internet users and narrow the gap with Google in the Internet advertising market.
This transaction is Microsoft's largest single M&A transaction as of 20 1 1, surpassing the acquisition of online advertising company aQuantiv for $6 billion in 2007.
2065438+On July 3, 20021day, Microsoft replaced the consumer online version of Hotmail with the extended version of Outlook widely used by enterprises.
Hotmail, launched on 1996, is a free online mail service, which promotes the concept of advertising mail.
20 12 On August 24th, Microsoft launched a brand-new corporate LOGO, which is the first time that Microsoft has significantly changed the corporate LOGO since 1988.
The new logo will include a color symbol that often appears in Microsoft products, and the Microsoft font will also change.
Jeff Hansen, general manager of Microsoft brand strategy, said: "The new logo represents the inheritance of tradition and the expectation of the future, and can bring a fresh feeling."
20 13 1.9, Microsoft announced that it would officially shut down the instant messaging service MSN on March 15.
Global users except Chinese mainland will be transferred to Skype, a network video and voice communication service acquired by Microsoft on 20 1 1.
MSN users can log on to Skype with their original account, and then they can see the contact information of MSN, and they can use the services provided by Skype, such as instant messaging, video calling, mobile video calling, screen sharing and so on.
20 13 On September 3rd, Microsoft announced the acquisition of Nokia's mobile phone business license and a large number of patent portfolios for 5.44 billion euros (about 765,438+700 million US dollars).
Among them, 3.79 billion euros was used to acquire Nokia's equipment and service department, and 65.438+65 billion euros was used to purchase its 654.38+00 patent license.
Microsoft will also provide Nokia with patent licenses related to positioning technology.
Microsoft has the right to extend this patent cooperation in the future. After the transaction is completed, the "Nokia" brand will remain and 32,000 Nokia employees will join Microsoft.
Microsoft will also be authorized by Nokia Here platform, and become the largest customer of Nokia Here business, and payment is based on an independent license agreement.
2014 65438+1On October 28th, Microsoft announced that its cloud storage service SkyDrive was renamed as OneDrive.
On February 4th, 20 14, Microsoft appointed Satya Nadella as the new CEO.
20 14 On March 2nd, Microsoft China announced that it would no longer provide security protection for Windows XP users after April 8th.
On April 8, 20 14, the Windows XP system was officially "retired".
On July 2014 17, Microsoft announced the largest layoffs in history. In the coming year, Microsoft will lay off10.8 million employees, accounting for10.4% of the company's total global employees, most of which are from Nokia's mobile phone business department acquired by Microsoft.
20 14, 14 On September 5th, the MOJANG development team and its released game My World were acquired by Microsoft for more than 2 billion dollars.
Windows1565438+1October 2 1 held a conference on Windows 10, and announced on the 22nd that Office 20 16 will be launched this year.
2065438+200565438+1On October 27th, Microsoft confirmed that Surface 2 would be discontinued, which means that the company will no longer produce tablet computers with Windows RT system, and this system was sentenced to death in disguise.
2065438+On March 7th, 2005, Microsoft sued Kyocera for infringing the mobile phone patent, and asked the US court to ban the sale.
On March 4th, 20 15, Satya Nadella, CEO of the company, announced the internal reorganization and transferred the MSN team to Windows Group, which made the online portal of Microsoft more closely connected with the flagship operating system.
2015 March 18, Microsoft announced that it would cooperate with 360, Lenovo and other companies to upgrade Windows 10 operating system for China users free of charge.
Microsoft will launch Windows 10 operating system in 190 countries in the summer of 20 15. At that time, users in China can experience free Windows 10 simultaneously with users around the world through the distribution and upgrade services provided by 360 Company.
Lenovo will become the first computer manufacturer in the world to pre-install Windows 10 system on consumer products, and Tencent Computer Manager will also provide one-click upgrade of Win 10.
20 15 on July 29th, Microsoft released a new generation of operating system Windows 10. Users of genuine Windows7, Windows 8 and Windows8. 1 can upgrade the official version of Windows 10 for free, while users of Windows XP and Windows Vista need to purchase it.
2065438+In September 2005, Microsoft acquired Adallom, an Israeli security company, for $250 million. Microsoft has been hoping to further improve its cloud product selection. After acquiring Adallom's products, the company will integrate them into the existing security system to provide security protection for products including Office 365 and enterprise mobile suite.
On September 24th, 20 15, in Redmond, Washington, USA, Baidu and Microsoft officially announced a strategic cooperation. Baidu will become the default home page and search engine of Windows 10 Microsoft Edge browser in China market, bringing more convenient search services to users.
At the same time, Baidu will also provide Windows 10 download and upgrade service through the "Windows 10 through train".
20 16,65438+10 month, 12, Microsoft released the first wave of security patches on 2016. For the old version of IE browser, this will be their last security update, after which Microsoft will completely stop supporting them.
From 2065 438+06 65438+ 10/2, Microsoft will no longer provide technical support for Windows 8 system.
This means that millions of Windows 8 users must upgrade to Windows 8. 1 or Windows 10, otherwise they will not receive any security patches.
Once Windows 8 is upgraded to Windows 8. 1, it will get mainstream support until 20 18 65438+ 10, and extended support will end at 2023 65438+ 10.
In other words, Microsoft will release a security patch for Windows 8. 1 before 2023, but will not add new features to the system after 20 18.
According to the latest statistics of web applications, the market share of Windows 8 is 2.8%, while that of Windows 8. 1 is 10.3%.
The 2.8% market share of Windows 8 system means that from today, millions of computers installed with this system will no longer get security patches, and these computers will be more vulnerable to malicious software and hackers.