Everything at Siemens today started with post and telecommunications technology. The pointer telegraph, with its polished brass body and varnished wood casing, was one of the devices that ushered in the current information age and was actually an early email terminal. This device was invented not in a garage in California, but in a backyard in Berlin. It was here that a 31-year-old military officer with bold ideas and creative talents began his exploration of electricity. This is a completely new field of engineering. At that time, people still rode mail carriages when going out, oil lamps were lit in the living room, steam engines burned wood, and railways were cursed as the work of the devil. In Siemens' engineering history network, there are two clear arteries: communication engineering and power engineering. Both of these are derived from one of the main inventions of the founder of Siemens - the pointer telegraph in 1847 and the "generator" in 1866. The former pioneered the development of today's mobile communications, international Internet, information highways, integrated circuits, personal computers and multimedia; while the latter produced power stations, high-performance electric motors, and various devices for industry, logistics and homes. Automation system. In the early 19th century, the engineering mindset was centered on wiring; the smart parts of the system were located at the endpoints of the wires, not concentrated in a central office as they would be fifty years later, or dispersed across the network as they are today. middle. Following the mindset of the time, Siemens developed new cable technologies (in conjunction with improvements to the "terminal device" the pointer telegraph), including gutta-percha, which could seamlessly insulate cables of any length. press, and a specially designed ship used to lay submarine cables across the Atlantic Ocean (1874). By then, engineers were already pursuing the dream of instant communication over long distances. In 1849, Europe's first telegraph line connected Frankfurt and Berlin. Messages sent via this telegraph line traveled the 500 kilometers between the two cities in half an hour. At the first world's fair, the 1851 World's Fair in London, the pointer telegraph gave the young company the highest honors. In 1870, the Indo-European telegraph line contracted by the company carried messages from London to Calcutta, 12,000 kilometers away, in less than 20 minutes. The success of this project shocked the world. Siemens soon applied its expertise in communications engineering to other areas: designing signaling systems for railways and building management systems for opening and closing tracks (1871). Werner von Siemens' second major invention, the dynamo in 1866, led to the emergence of countless new products, and soon a series of world "firsts" emerged, including electrified railways (1879), elevators (1880), Streetcars (1881), and Trolleybuses (1882). This was followed by the continent's first underground railway (1896), electric steamships (1886), and electric cars (1898). In 1903, the high-speed train manufactured by Siemens reached a top speed of 210 kilometers per hour, setting a new world record. In the 1890s, electric motors began to replace steam engines in factories, and smart engineers began to design and manufacture household appliances - "heaters", "electric washing machines", and "vacuum pumps" - today's hair dryers. , the predecessor of washing machines and vacuum cleaners. The energy for these products came from early power plants. In 1892, Siemens built the first three-phase power station for urban use in Erding, near Munich. Subsequently, Siemens used this new energy source in all possible fields of application. In 1883, Siemens installed the first electric street lights in Berlin. At the same time, the company continued to carry out new developments in other fields: in 1896, Siemens-Halsk purchased the first patent for the X-ray tube; in 1903, Siemens, together with AEG, began to develop radios; in addition , the company also combines communications and power engineering into one, which is used in many electromechanical fields, including microcomputer interlocking systems. There is no doubt that the development of communication engineering goes far beyond the scope of the telegraph. In 1877, Siemens began designing the telephone.
In 1881, the first telephone exchange was put into use in Berlin, with only 8 users in total; in 1909, the first urban automatic exchange was put into trial operation in Schwabing, a suburb of Munich; in 1912, the latest high-speed telegraph reached Astonishing speed: 1,000 characters per minute! Ten years later, six telegrams could be transmitted simultaneously on the same telephone cable; by 1923, the year Germany launched public broadcasting, Siemens began manufacturing tube radios; in 1924, Siemens installed a German radio at Potsdamer Platz in Berlin. The first set of traffic lights; in 1933, the Siemens-Hare recording telegraph machine for transmitting images was developed, which was one of the earliest fax machines; in 1939, Siemens began to produce a series of electron microscopes. In the 1930s, Siemens began researching semiconductors; in 1953, high-purity silicon was produced for the first time; in 1958, the world's first cardiac pacemaker was implanted in Sweden; in 1959, the first electronic Automation system - "Simatic" system; in the same year, the first all-transistor general-purpose computer was developed and serial production began; in Garching, a reactor for research was put into trial operation; in 1964, the world's largest The satellite ground station, Raisting, was put into use; in 1974, Siemens introduced computed tomography technology to the world; in 1982, it launched magnetic resonance imaging technology; in 1977, the company began to produce optical fiber cables; in 1980 In 1984, the first digital telephone exchange was installed; in 1984, the first ISDN communication system was put on the market; in 1985, an ICE (at that time, it was still the abbreviation of "Intercity Experimental") train reached A speed of 300 kilometers per hour. Today, Siemens is developing chips with a gigabit capacity, selling smart computers, producing tiny mobile phones, building extremely efficient power plants, equipping industrial companies with fuzzy logic systems, and installing data and communications networks on every continent. Now, the provision of system technology solutions - the ability to combine the knowledge and experience of various departments of the company on a global basis to provide solutions to customers' complex problems - is becoming more important than pure production, where In terms of software development and project management, both play an important role. New technological transformations are emerging, including changes in thinking patterns in various fields. In the era of technology, the era of rotating parts is ending: maglev trains provide a new method of "aerial" transportation, hard disks, floppy disks, and optical disk drives, etc., are all facing the challenge of increasingly powerful chips; fuel Batteries and solar panels have no moving parts and generate electricity silently. In the long process of progress, mankind has developed from the era of mechanical engineering to the era of electrical engineering, and from the era of electrical engineering to the era of electronic engineering. Now a new technological era is coming - that is, the era of photoelectric technology. In the end, it will develop To the age of light, to the bright future.
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