What are the main sources of professional literature information?

Literature information source Editing literature is the carrier of all recorded knowledge (GB/T 3792 438+0— 1983). Specifically, literature is a combination of words, symbols, images, audio and so on that record knowledge and information on a certain material carrier. In novelty retrieval, literature is the abbreviation of scientific and technological literature, which refers to the carrier that records scientific and technological information or knowledge through various means (words, graphics, formulas, codes, audio, video, electronics, etc.). ), and this carrier is also an information source. The main sources and characteristics of literature information. Generally speaking, books refer to publications with mature content, complete information system and binding form. Sci-tech books are an important source of sci-tech literature, mostly summarizing published scientific and technological achievements, production technology knowledge and experience. The range of scientific and technological books is very wide, mainly including: academic monographs, reference books (referring to manuals, yearbooks, encyclopedias, dictionaries, dictionaries, etc. ), textbooks and so on. It is an effective way to acquire knowledge of a certain subject comprehensively and systematically. 2. Sci-tech periodicals, also known as periodicals or magazines, refer to those continuous publications that are published regularly or irregularly and collect papers from many authors. Sci-tech periodicals occupy an important position in the source of sci-tech information, accounting for about 65% ~ 70% of the whole source of sci-tech information. It, patent literature and sci-tech books are regarded as the three pillars of sci-tech literature, and they are also the literature sources with the highest utilization rate of sci-tech novelty retrieval. The characteristics of sci-tech periodicals are: each periodical has a fixed name and format, a continuous publication serial number, and a special editing institution for editing and publishing. Compared with books, the publishing cycle is short, the publishing speed is fast, the quantity is large, and the content is novel and rich. 3. Patent documents Patent documents usually refer to written technical documents submitted by the inventor or patentee to the Patent Office when applying for a patent, which have been examined, published or authorized by the Patent Office and explain in detail the purpose, composition and effect of the invention. Patent literature in a broad sense also includes patent bulletins (abstracts) and various patent retrieval tools. The characteristics of patent literature are: large quantity, fast reporting, wide subject field, novel content, practicality and reliability. Due to these characteristics of patent documents, their scientific and technological information value is increasing, and the utilization rate is also increasing. Chapter 19 of the fourth part of this book will specifically introduce patent literature and its retrieval. 4. Scientific and technological reports, also known as research reports and technical reports, are official reports of achievements made by scientific and technological workers around a certain topic, or actual records of progress at various stages in the research process of a certain topic. Since it came into being in the 1920s, science and technology reports have developed rapidly, becoming the second largest literature type that reports the latest scientific and technological achievements after periodicals. Judging from the contents of the report, most scientific and technological reports involve high-tech, sophisticated scientific research and technical design and their progress in different stages, which objectively reflects the experience and lessons in the scientific research process. The characteristics of scientific and technological reports are: a separate book, the results of the report generally have to be checked and appraised by the competent departments and relevant units, the content is in-depth, reliable and detailed, not limited by space, strong operability and rapid report. Some reports are generally controlled because they involve cutting-edge technology or national defense issues. At present, developed countries and some developing countries in the world, especially the United States, Britain, France, Germany and Japan, produce a considerable number of scientific and technological reports every year. The Bulletin and Index of American Government Research Reports published by ntis (National Technical Information Service of the US Department of Commerce) is widely used in sci-tech novelty retrieval, and there are many forms available, such as database, retrieval publications, microfilm and so on. V. Dissertations Dissertations are academic research papers written by undergraduates and postgraduates in institutions of higher learning and scientific research to obtain degree qualifications (doctor, master and bachelor). They are completed in the process of study and research, on the basis of consulting a large number of documents and conducting scientific research. The characteristics of the paper are: theoretical, systematic, concrete, detailed and original, and it is an important source of literature information. Dissertations are not only collected in this unit, but also in units designated by the state. The designated units for the collection of master's and doctoral dissertations in China are China Institute of Science and Technology Information and National Library. China's dissertations database can be used to retrieve domestic dissertations, and Dialog international online system or comprehensive index of international dissertations, American doctoral dissertations and dissertations edited and published by University Micro International can be used to retrieve foreign dissertations. 6. Conference documents Conference documents refer to papers, reports, speeches and other conference-related documents published at various scientific and technological conferences. At present, more than 4,000 kinds of conference papers and hundreds of thousands of conference papers are published every year in the world. The paper database of China Science and Technology Committee is available for retrieval. The main characteristics of conference documents are: timely dissemination of information, focused topics, novel content, strong professionalism and high quality, which often represent the latest academic research achievements of a certain discipline or professional field and basically reflect the academic level, research trends and development trends of the discipline or major. Conference literature is one of the important information sources for sci-tech novelty retrieval. Seven. Government publications government publications refer to documents published by government departments and their specialized agencies in various countries, which can be divided into administrative documents (such as laws, policies, statistical data, etc.). ) and scientific and technological documents (including scientific and technological research reports of government departments, publications of scientific and technological achievements, popular science materials and technical policy documents, etc.). ), of which scientific and technological literature accounts for about 30% ~ 40%. Government publications are characterized by their reliable contents and some duplication with other information sources. With the help of government publications, we can learn about a country's science and technology policies and economic policies. It has certain reference function for understanding its scientific and technological activities and achievements. The United States has the largest number of government publications, with thousands published every year. Other countries such as Britain, Canada and France also publish a certain number of government publications. Search American government publications, searchable index publications.