At present, there are few reports on the degradation of organophosphorus by Trichoderma at home and abroad, and most of them focus on the activity of Trichoderma phytase. In 1998, Nevalainen et al. reported that three strains of T. reesei could efficiently secrete phytase, studied their expression system, and applied for a patent in the United States. In 1999, Nasi et al. discovered that the genetically engineered strain T. reesei also possesses phytase. and acid phosphatase activity; the feeding comparison test showed that T. reesei phytase has a higher utilization rate of phytate phosphorus in feed than Aspergillus niger phytase and acid phosphatase. Wang Shihua et al. (2005) reported the conditions and enzymatic properties of phytase produced by the T. viride LH374 mutagenized strain. Li Xiaolong (2010) found that different strains of Trichoderma can produce hydrolytic transparent circles on calcium phytate medium plates. Later, they isolated the phytase genes of multiple different Trichoderma strains, indicating that Trichoderma generally has phytase activity. . However, it is difficult to measure the phytase activity of Trichoderma crude enzyme solution using the current common phosphorus determination method. Therefore, Li Xiaolong (2010) used the degradation amount of substrate phytate as an indicator of enzyme activity to study the ability of Trichoderma to produce phytase and its determination method, and established an effective method suitable for the determination of Trichoderma phytase activity. In addition, Liu Xin et al. (2002) reported that Trichoderma Y has the ability to degrade chlorpyrifos and methamidophos. The degradation efficiency measurement results showed that the degradation rate of Trichoderma Y to 50mg/L chlorpyrifos after 7 days was 88.53; to 500mg /L of chlorpyrifos after 7 days, the degradation rate was 47.67; for 5000mg/L of chlorpyrifos, after 7 days of action, the degradation rate was 21.87; for 50mg/L of methamidophos, the degradation rate after 3 days was 100; for 500mg/L of methamidophos, the degradation rate reached 100; The degradation rate of methamidophos reached 80.38 after 7 days of action; it had no degradation effect on 5000 mg/L methamidophos.
The main mechanism of microbial phosphorus decomposition is that these microorganisms can secrete organic acids, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, glycolic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, etc., which on the one hand can reduce the pH in the soil. It converts insoluble phosphorus into soluble phosphorus for plants to absorb and utilize; on the other hand, it can combine with iron, aluminum and other ions to form chelates, thereby dissolving insoluble phosphates and being absorbed. At present, it is generally believed that the phosphorus solubilizing effect of phosphate solubilizing bacteria is one of the most important mechanisms for promoting plant growth in medium and low fertility soils.
In agricultural production, Trichoderma phosphate solubilizing has broad application prospects. On the one hand, it can degrade insoluble or poorly soluble inorganic phosphorus in the soil, converting it into soluble phosphorus for crop absorption, reducing The use of phosphate fertilizers in agricultural production; on the other hand, it can help degrade organic compost and promote plant growth. If a Trichoderma strain with both effective biocontrol and efficient phosphorus-solubilizing effects can be obtained, the application space of Trichoderma in agriculture will be greatly expanded, and it will also play a great role in promoting agricultural production.